WATER QUALITY PREDICTION USING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

In Aquaculture, the yields of the aquatic organism depend on the quality of water. To collect the data from the pond like temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH level, turbidity, carbon dioxide the sensors are placed inside the pond. The detection of water quality can be done using the data classification algorithms. In this project, we have proposed a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier to predict the quality of water in wireless sensor networks. The sensor nodes are placed in the pond. Here cluster head based routing protocol is used based on the fractional calculus artificial bee colony algorithm, in which the individual decision trees are merged along the routing path. Then, the results of cluster head-based routing protocol are sent to sink node, in which the proposed SVM classifier is used to classify the water quality parameter. From the results, we proved that, the proposed algorithm achieves the better prediction accuracy as 85%

The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on postpartum mothers in London, England: An online focus group study

Aims This study examines the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on postpartum mothers in England, with the aim of identifying opportunities to improve maternal experience and wellbeing. The postpartum/postnatal period is widely acknowledged as a time when mothers require greater levels of support from multiple sources. However, stay-at-home orders, commonly known as “lockdown,” deployed in some countries to limit COVID-19 transmission reduced access to support. In England, many postpartum mothers navigated household isolation within an intensive mothering and expert parenting culture. Examining the impact of lockdown may reveal strengths and weaknesses in current policy and practice. Subject and methods We conducted online focus groups involving 20 mothers living in London, England, with “lockdown babies,” following up on our earlier online survey on social support and maternal wellbeing. We thematically analysed focus group transcripts, and identified key themes around Lockdown Experience and Determinants of Lockdown Experience. Results Participants raised some positives of lockdown, including fostering connections and protection from external expectations, but also raised many negatives, including social isolation, institutional abandonment, and intense relationships within the household. Potential reasons behind variations in lockdown experience include physical environments, timing of birth, and number of children. Our findings reflect how current systems may be “trapping” some families into the male-breadwinner/female-caregiver family model, while intensive mothering and expert parenting culture may be increasing maternal stress and undermining responsive mothering. Conclusions Facilitating partners to stay at home during the postpartum period (e.g., increasing paternity leave and flexible working) and establishing peer/community support to decentre reliance on professional parenting experts may promote positive postpartum maternal experience and wellbeing

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY-INDICATING RP-UPLC METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF TEZACAFTOR AND IVACAFTOR IN FORMULATIONS

Objective: Aim of the present research work was to develop a sensitive, rapid and accurate, stability-indicating RP-UPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of tezacaftor and ivacaftor in formulations. Methods: The chromatographic separation of the mixture of tezacaftor and ivacaftor was attained in isocratic method utilizing a mobile phase of 0.1 % orthophosphoric acid and acetonitrile in the proportion of 50:50%v/v utilizing a HSS C18 column which has dimensions of 100×2.1 mm, 1.7 m particle size and the flow rate of 0.3 ml/min. The detection system was monitored at 292 nm wavelength maximum with 1.5 ml injection volume. The present method was validated as per the guidelines given by the ICH for specificity, accuracy, sensitivity, linearity and precision. Results: The retaining time for tezacaftor and ivacaftor were achieved at 1.071 min and 0.530 min, respectively. Tezacaftor, ivacaftor and their combined drug formulation were exposed to thermal, acidic, oxidative, photolytic, and alkaline conditions. The developed method was highly sensitive, rapid, precise and accurate than the earlier reported methods. The total run time was decreased to 2.0 min; hence, the technique was more precise and economical. Stability studies directed for the suitability of the technique for degradation studies of tezacaftor and ivacaftor. Conclusion: The projected method can be utilized for routine analysis in the quality control department in pharmaceutical trades

The India Face Set: International and Cultural Boundaries Impact Face Impressions and Perceptions of Category Membership

This paper serves three specific goals. First, it reports the development of an Indian Asian face set, to serve as a free resource for psychological research. Second, it examines whether the use of pre-tested U.S.-specific norms for stimulus selection or weighting may introduce experimental confounds in studies involving non-U.S. face stimuli and/or non-U.S. participants. Specifically, it examines whether subjective impressions of the face stimuli are culturally dependent, and the extent to which these impressions reflect social stereotypes and ingroup favoritism. Third, the paper investigates whether differences in face familiarity impact accuracy in identifying face ethnicity. To this end, face images drawn from volunteers in India as well as a subset of Caucasian face images from the Chicago Face Database were presented to Indian and U.S. participants, and rated on a range of measures, such as perceived attractiveness, warmth, and social status. Results show significant differences in the overall valence of ratings of ingroup and outgroup faces. In addition, the impression ratings show minor differentiation along two basic stereotype dimensions, competence and trustworthiness, but not warmth. We also find participants to show significantly greater accuracy in correctly identifying the ethnicity of ingroup faces, relative to outgroup faces. This effect is found to be mediated by ingroup-outgroup differences in perceived group typicality of the target faces. Implications for research on intergroup relations in a cross-cultural context are discussed. &nbsp;</p

BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY BIOASSAY OF BOUGAINVILLEA GLABRA

The crude methanolic extract of Bougainvillea glabra leaves has been investigated for the evaluation of the cytotoxic activity. All the extracts of the plant were screened for their cytotoxicity by using brine shrimp nauplii (Artemia salina) lethality bioassay. The toxicity was assessed in terms of LC50 (lethality concentration), 10 nauplii were taken into three replicates of each concentration of the methanolic leaf extract. Brine shrimps were checked for the mortality during 24 hrs period, surviving brine shrimps were counted and LC50 was evaluated. The results showed that all the extracts were showing potent toxicity to the nauplii. The LC50 values were compared to the standard potassium dichromate. It indicates that the extracts are toxic even at low doses. Further investigation is needed to study the acute and subacute toxicity of the extracts for its safe application to the humans. Keywords: Artemia salina, cytotoxicity, Bougainvillea glabra, mortalit

Household, community, sub-national and country-level predictors of primary cooking fuel switching in nine countries from the PURE study

Introduction. Switchingfrom polluting (e.g. wood, crop waste, coal)to clean (e.g. gas, electricity) cooking fuels can reduce household air pollution exposures and climate-forcing emissions.While studies have evaluated specific interventions and assessed fuel-switching in repeated cross-sectional surveys, the role of different multilevel factors in household fuel switching, outside of interventions and across diverse community settings, is not well understood. Methods.We examined longitudinal survey data from 24 172 households in 177 rural communities across nine countries within the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study.We assessed household-level primary cooking fuel switching during a median of 10 years offollow up (∼2005–2015).We used hierarchical logistic regression models to examine the relative importance of household, community, sub-national and national-level factors contributing to primary fuel switching. Results. One-half of study households(12 369)reported changing their primary cookingfuels between baseline andfollow up surveys. Of these, 61% (7582) switchedfrom polluting (wood, dung, agricultural waste, charcoal, coal, kerosene)to clean (gas, electricity)fuels, 26% (3109)switched between different polluting fuels, 10% (1164)switched from clean to polluting fuels and 3% (522)switched between different clean fuels

Nations within a nation: variations in epidemiological transition across the states of India, 1990–2016 in the Global Burden of Disease Study

18% of the world's population lives in India, and many states of India have populations similar to those of large countries. Action to effectively improve population health in India requires availability of reliable and comprehensive state-level estimates of disease burden and risk factors over time. Such comprehensive estimates have not been available so far for all major diseases and risk factors. Thus, we aimed to estimate the disease burden and risk factors in every state of India as part of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2016

Gesture and Stereotype Content: <br> Inquiries on Perception, Activation, and Spontaneous Production

We talk about other people, and when we talk, we gesture. Research suggests that gestures expose people’s cognitions, facilitate communication, and generate learning. In this dissertation, I ask whether and how people’s gestures may communicate their impressions and stereotypes about others. To identify gestural correlates for stereotypes in a manner that is systematic and measurable, I examine participant social cognitions along the Stereotype Content Model (SCM; Fiske, Cuddy, Glick, & Xu, 2002). The SCM captures stereotype content using two dimensions: a target’s perceived intention (warmth) and their perceived ability to act on this intention (competence). These two dimensions have consistently been shown to be employed in deliberations about other people and groups. I hypothesize that competence and warmth will have different gestural correlates along vertical and sagittal space, respectively. In three chapters of this dissertation, I test these hypotheses from the vantage point of the perceiver of the gesture, the producer of the gesture, as well as the spontaneous interaction that occurs between them. In these three chapters, I ask whether: (1) people perceive competence in vertical gestures and warmth in sagittal gestures, (2) people think of competence when they produce vertical gestures and of warmth when they produce sagittal gestures and (3) people spontaneously generate vertical gestures when they talk about competence and sagittal gestures when they talk about warmth. Using different methodologies and trade-offs between experimental control and ecological validity, I test the viability of gestural representations of social cognitions in general and stereotype content in particular

Development of a Computer Vision and Image Processing Toolbox for Matlab

Image Processing and Computer Vision (CVIP) applications can be developed and analyzed using the CVIPtools software developed at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville in the CVIP Laboratory under the guidance of Dr. Scott E Umbaugh. The CVIPtools software has been created with the code in the C/C++/C# programming languages. Due to the popularity in engineering applications for Matlab use it was decided to port the CVIPtools libraries functions to Matlab M-files and create a CVIP Toolbox for Matlab. This work consists of developing, testing, packaging, developing documentation for, and releasing the first version of the Matlab Computer Vision and Image Processing Toolbox. In this there are several steps involved which are described clearly in this research work. The primary aim of thesis work is to create a toolbox which is independent of any other toolboxes in Matlab. CVIPtools has over 200 functions which are written in C, but due to growing demand for Matlab we decided to make the functions available in Matlab. After the toolbox is created, the user can install it and can use the functions in the toolbox as Matlab inbuilt functions. This will make it easy for the user to understand and experiment with different CVIP algorithms. Initially the toolbox was created writing wrapper functions for the programs written in C through the creation of MEX functions. But later due to problems during testing, it was determined [5] that it would be more suitable to write separate Matlab code, M-files for all the functions and create new toolbox. The CVIP Toolbox for Matlab is an open source project and is independent of any other toolboxes. Thus, the user can install the toolbox and can use all the functions as Matlab inbuilt functions without the need to purchase any of the other Matlab toolboxes, which is required for other toolboxes of this type. There are 206 functions in this first version of toolbox which are the primary functions for CVIP applications. These functions are arranged according to categories so that it will be easy for the user to understand and search various functions. The CVIP Toolbox is organized into several folders including CVIP Lab, which allows the user to create any algorithm with the help of functions available in the toolbox. The user can explore by using different functions in the toolbox and varying parameters experimentally to achieve desired results. The skeleton program for lab is in cviplab.m which has a sample function implemented so that the user can see how the sample is executed and can call other functions using the same method