La consultation publique et les formes d’action collective

Cet article analyse le rôle de la consultation publique dans la vie politique et démocratique selon la perspective des acteurs de la société civile engagés dans le processus. La consultation publique est vue comme un espace important de la représentation politique et sociale. Les formes d’action des groupes reflètent leur perception des enjeux de la consultation. Ainsi, la plupart ont vécu leur expérience de participation comme un processus d’apprentissage et comme une reconnaissance symbolique de leur rôle dans la représentation. Cette analyse est basée sur une étude de groupes du Québec ayant participé à la réforme de la sécurité sociale en 1994 et 1995.This article examines the role of public consultations from the perspective of the actors involved, the way they experience the process, and their sense of involvement and influence. We argue that public consultations are an important site for social and political representation. The actions of the groups strategically reflect their perception of the institutional context. Thus, public consultation is seen both as a learning experience through which they can strengthen their organization, and as a symbolic recognition of their role of representation. It is a case study of groups in Quebec who participated in the social security review in 1994 and 1995

Repenser les relations entre gouvernement et secteur bénévole : À la croisée des chemins au Québec et au Canada

Au cours des 10 dernières années, les gouvernements ont réalisé que les nouvelles formes de gouvernance nécessitent une plus grande coopération avec les acteurs de la société civile. L’amélioration de ses relations avec le secteur bénévole et communautaire est maintenant considérée comme un élément clé d’une bonne gestion des affaires publiques. À la fois au Canada et au Québec, les gouvernements ont utilisé un instrument politique innovateur, une entente cadre, afin de renouveler leurs relations avec ce secteur. Même si les moyens sont similaires, il y a des différences importantes en ce qui concerne le degré d’institutionnalisation de l’interaction, l’acceptation du rôle d’action sociale et la reconnaissance de l’autonomie du secteur au Canada et au Québec. Les auteurs démontrent que ces différences reflètent des manières distinctes de positionner le secteur dans le régime de citoyenneté.Over the past decade, governments have come to realize that new forms of governance necessitate greater dependence on civil society actors and that strengthening relationships with the voluntary and community sector is a key element of good governance. In both Canada and Quebec, governments have opted for an innovative policy instrument, a framework agreement, in order to renew their relationship with the sector and are in the process of developing such accords or ententes. Although the means are similar, essential differences lie in the degree of institutionalization of interaction, acceptance of advocacy, and recognition of the autonomy of the voluntary and community sector. This article suggests that these differences relate to the fundamentally different ways in which the sector is situated within a citizenship regime

L'État, les groupes et la consultation publique : le cas de la réforme de la sécurité sociale en 1994

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal

Cooperatives and the State: The Case of Ontario

In the early 2000s, the cooperative movement in Ontario came together in order to lobby its provincial government for active cooperative development support programs. Momentum was building for these types of programs. Already, many provincial governments had implemented active support programs in their jurisdiction. Despite having one of the largest cooperative sectors in Canada, Ontario was lagging behind. This article assesses the progress of the efforts of the Ontario cooperative movement to date. It details how the Ontario cooperative movement developed a sectoral identity for itself and framed its objectives in an effort to strengthen its relationship with the Ontario government.RÉSUMÉLe mouvement coopératif en Ontario s'est rassemblé au début des années 2000 afin de faire pression sur le gouvernement provincial pour qu'il développe des programmes de soutient actif pour coopératives. Déjà plusieurs gouvernements provinciaux avaient mis en place de telles politiques. L'Ontario tardait malgré le fait qu'il avait un des plus grands secteurs coopératifs au Canada. Cet article examine le progrès qu'a connu le mouvement coopératif en Ontario dans ses efforts. Il décrit comment le mouvement coopératif a construit une identité sectorielle autour de laquelle il a pu ancrer ses demandes auprès du gouvernement ontarien

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AIM: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery. METHODS: This was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin. RESULTS: Overall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, delay was not associated with a lower rate of complete resection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.90-1.55, P = 0.224), which was consistent in elective patients only (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69-1.27, P = 0.672). Longer delays were not associated with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION: One in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease

L’étude du tiers secteur au Québec : comment saisir la spécificité québécoise ?

Cet article propose d’examiner comment l’approche comparative est couramment utilisée pour étudier le tiers secteur au Québec et au Canada. À partir de son expérience, l’auteure présente les défis conceptuels et méthodologiques qui se posent dans l’application d’une approche comparative à l’étude de ces phénomènes. Le regard unique que les chercheurs québécois ont apporté à ce champ d’études y est mis en évidence. Enfin, les apports d’un plus grand recours à l’approche comparée entre le Québec et le Canada et entre le Québec et les autres provinces canadiennes est exploré afin de mieux comprendre leurs réalités réciproques, leurs singularités, et ainsi enrichir leur connaissance de l’autre.This article provides a review of the current uses of the comparative approach in the study the third sector in Quebec and in Canada. Drawing on her own research experience, the author discusses some of the conceptual and methodological challenges that result from using a comparative approach to study these phenomenons. The unique perspective used by Quebec researchers in that specific field of study is illustrated. Finally, the contribution of a greater recourse to comparative analyses between Quebec and Canada, and between Quebec and other Canadian provinces is explored in order to better understand their reciprocal realities and singularities, and in so doing, enrich their mutual understanding

Savoir, pouvoir et pragmatisme : l’expertise au service de l’action sociale

Cet article décrit les nouveaux rapports qui se dessinent entre le secteur bénévole et le gouvernement canadien, en montrant comment le mouvement vers l’élaboration de politiques basées sur des données probantes a redéfini le rôle de certains acteurs et leur interaction avec le gouvernement. Le catalyseur de cette évolution a été l’Initiative sur le secteur bénévole et communautaire (ISBC). En raison de la transformation de la structure de représentation et des répertoires d’action politique, on voit, d’un côté, se dessiner un modèle de secteur enraciné dans la communauté, où les priorités de recherche et les besoins communautaires s’entrecoupent de façon significative. D’un autre côté, on retrouve un modèle d’interaction bureaucratisée entre de grandes organisations établies et le gouvernement, caractérisé par le discours de partenariat et de collaboration, mais aussi par une perte de légitimité de l’action sociale. La théorie des mouvements sociaux et les concepts de structure d’opportunités politiques et de répertoire d’action politique éclairent les changements en gestation, dont l’impact ne se fera pas sentir avant un certain temps.This article sketches the contours of the new relationship emerging between the voluntary sector and the Canadian government, focusing specifically on how the privileging of evidence-based research is redefining some actors within the sector and how they interact with government. The impetus for this shift was the Canadian government’s Voluntary Sector Initiative (VSI), which was heralded as an unprecedented opportunity for the sector. We focus on two important effects of the sector’s engagement with government: a shift in the structure of representation and a change in the action repertoires. The picture of the sector that is now beginning to emerge is Janus-faced. On the one hand, there is a model of a voluntary sector that is community based, one where research priorities and community needs intersect in meaningful ways to inform practice and policy. On the other hand, there is a model of bureaucratized interaction between large umbrella organisations and government that is characterized by a common language of negotiation and partnership. Lost in the shuffle is the role of advocacy, which is becoming more and more marginal and delegitimate

Specifications for an internet based clean technology information support system for SMEs

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.11.007International audienceTo address the increasingly pressing issue of environmental degradation, much effort have been dedicated to promote the use of cleaner technologies in the European Union (EU) Member States. Thus, efforts to produce information systems designed to attend companies with their technology acquisition process have been made. However, due to their restricted resources, the existing Technology Intelligence (TI) systems do not correspond to SME-specific needs. To fill this gap, the objective of this paper is to identify Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises' (SMEs) information needs in the field of clean technologies with the aim of making recommendations for the conception of an Internet based clean technology database destined for the use of European SMEs. Also, in order to evaluate to what extent these type of information systems are useful to SMEs when it comes to their technology acquisition process, four clean technology-related databases available on the Internet in English corresponding to one or more of the specifications previously identified in the first section have been selected and analysed. In conclusion, it was established that these information systems were found to be a sound first step for SMEs wishing to obtain concise first-hand knowledge on clean technologies. On the other hand, the time constraints of SMEs and the extent of the information available in such databases make them unfitting to serve as a suitable decision making tool. Incidentally, it might be interesting to consider the development of specialized information systems designed to help SME support actors attend SMEs with their clean technology acquisition process