1,033 research outputs found
Detection and characterization of hydraulically active fractures in a carbonate aquifer: results from self-potential, temperature and fluid electrical conductivity logging in the Combioula hydrothermal system in the southwestern Swiss Alps
A geophysical and geochemical study has been conducted in a fractured carbonate aquifer located at Combioula in the southwestern Swiss Alps with the objective to detect and characterize hydraulically active fractures along a 260-m-deep borehole. Hydrochemical analyses, borehole diameter, temperature and fluid electrical conductivity logging data were integrated in order to relate electrokinetic self-potential signals to groundwater flow inside the fracture network. The results show a generally good, albeit locally variable correlation of variations of the self-potential signals with variations in temperature, fluid electrical conductivity and borehole diameter. Together with the hydrochemical evidence, which was found to be critical for the interpretation of the self-potential data, these measurements not only made it possible to detect the hydraulically active fractures but also to characterize them as zones of fluid gain or fluid loss. The results complement the available information from the corresponding litholog and illustrate the potential of electrokinetic self-potential signals in conjunction with temperature, fluid electrical conductivity and hydrochemical analyses for the characterization of fractured aquifers, and thus may offer a perspective for an effective quantitative characterization of this increasingly important class of aquifers and geothermal reservoir
Structure of isochorismate synthase in complex with magnesium
The structure of the menaquinone-specific isochorismate synthase (MenF) from Escherichia coli has been refined at a resolution of 2.0â
Ă
in complex with magnesium. The magnesium-bound structure has a well defined and organized active site which better represents the active conformation of the enzyme than the currently available structure
Exploring the impact of pediatric short bowel syndrome on parent wellâbeing using a diseaseâspecific pilot survey
Background: Children with short bowel syndrome (SBS) have complex care needs, most of which are met in the home by family caregivers who may experience a range of stressors unique to this experience. Prior research suggests that parents of children with SBS have poorer healthârelated quality of life than peers parenting children without health needs, but the mechanisms shaping parent outcomes are understudied.
Methods: A pilot survey was developed using a communityâdriven research design to measure the impact of diseaseâspecific items on parentâperceived wellâbeing. The crossâsectional survey, which included both closedâended and openâended items, was distributed to a convenience sample of parents of children with SBS. Quantitative and qualitative data were integrated for a mixedâmethods analysis of how individual items impacted parent wellâbeing.
Results: Twenty parents completed the survey. Sleep interruptions, lack of support and resources, and psychological stressors and their mental health implications were more frequently reported as stressors than logistics related to caregiving (e.g., managing therapies and preparing specialized meals).
Conclusion: The impact of a child\u27s SBS on parent wellâbeing may stem mainly from three interconnected domains: poor sleep and its consequences, lack of access to support and resources, and a range of psychological stressors that affect parent mental health. Understanding the mechanisms through which SBS shapes parent wellâbeing is a necessary first step for developing targeted interventions to support parents and provide familyâcentered care
Exploring the impact of pediatric short bowel syndrome on parent wellâbeing using a diseaseâspecific pilot survey
Background: Children with short bowel syndrome (SBS) have complex care needs, most of which are met in the home by family caregivers who may experience a range of stressors unique to this experience. Prior research suggests that parents of children with SBS have poorer healthârelated quality of life than peers parenting children without health needs, but the mechanisms shaping parent outcomes are understudied.
Methods: A pilot survey was developed using a communityâdriven research design to measure the impact of diseaseâspecific items on parentâperceived wellâbeing. The crossâsectional survey, which included both closedâended and openâended items, was distributed to a convenience sample of parents of children with SBS. Quantitative and qualitative data were integrated for a mixedâmethods analysis of how individual items impacted parent wellâbeing.
Results: Twenty parents completed the survey. Sleep interruptions, lack of support and resources, and psychological stressors and their mental health implications were more frequently reported as stressors than logistics related to caregiving (e.g., managing therapies and preparing specialized meals).
Conclusion: The impact of a child\u27s SBS on parent wellâbeing may stem mainly from three interconnected domains: poor sleep and its consequences, lack of access to support and resources, and a range of psychological stressors that affect parent mental health. Understanding the mechanisms through which SBS shapes parent wellâbeing is a necessary first step for developing targeted interventions to support parents and provide familyâcentered care
Turbulent superfluid profiles in a counterflow channel
We have developed a two-dimensional model of quantised vortices in helium II
moving under the influence of applied normal fluid and superfluid in a
counterflow channel. We predict superfluid and vortex-line density profiles
which could be experimentally tested using recently developed visualization
techniques.Comment: 3 double figures, 9 page
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Bringing together coproduction and community participatory research approaches: Using first person reflective narrative to explore coproduction and community involvement in mental health research
Background
A growing literature explores the coproduction of research knowledge. Barriers to coproduction in mental health research have been identified, especially for the people from marginalized communities. There is an established body of participatory research that has potential to inform coproduction in mental health research.
Objectives
To explore and articulate how learning from community participatory approaches to research enable barriers to knowledge coproduction to be overcome in mental health research.
Setting
An evaluation of a primary care mental health service, led by an experienced survivor researcher, supported by a health service researcher and involving a team of community coâresearchers.
Design
Cycles of reflective writing (firstâperson narrative) by the authors, and feedback from the coâresearcher team, on their experiences of undertaking the evaluation were used to explore the ways in which community actors, including those from marginalized communities, might be meaningfully involved in producing research knowledge about mental health services.
Results
A space was created where community coâresearchers, including those from traditionally marginalized communities, felt safe and empowered to move beyond essentialized âservice userâ identities and bring a range of skills and expertise to the evaluation. There was meaningful rebalancing of power between traditional university and community roles, although the issues around leadership remained complex and more could be done to explore how our different experiences of race and mental health shape the research we do.
Conclusions
Potential was demonstrated for participatory research approaches to inform coproduction of knowledge in mental health research that fully reflects the diversity of identity and experience
Flow Phase Diagram for the Helium Superfluids
The flow phase diagram for He II and He-B is established and discussed
based on available experimental data and the theory of Volovik [JETP Letters
{\bf{78}} (2003) 553]. The effective temperature - dependent but scale -
independent Reynolds number , where
and are the mutual friction parameters and the superfluid Reynolds
number characterizing the circulation of the superfluid component in units of
the circulation quantum are used as the dynamic parameters. In particular, the
flow diagram allows identification of experimentally observed turbulent states
I and II in counterflowing He II with the turbulent regimes suggested by
Volovik.Comment: 2 figure
The Computational Complexity of Generating Random Fractals
In this paper we examine a number of models that generate random fractals.
The models are studied using the tools of computational complexity theory from
the perspective of parallel computation. Diffusion limited aggregation and
several widely used algorithms for equilibrating the Ising model are shown to
be highly sequential; it is unlikely they can be simulated efficiently in
parallel. This is in contrast to Mandelbrot percolation that can be simulated
in constant parallel time. Our research helps shed light on the intrinsic
complexity of these models relative to each other and to different growth
processes that have been recently studied using complexity theory. In addition,
the results may serve as a guide to simulation physics.Comment: 28 pages, LATEX, 8 Postscript figures available from
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