Riskiness, Risk Aversion, and Risk Sharing: Cooperation in a Dynamic Insurance Game

This paper examines how cooperation in an insurance game depends on risk preferences and the riskiness of income. It considers a dynamic game where commitment is limited, and characterizes the level of cooperation as measured by the reciprocal of the discount factor above which perfect risk sharing is self-enforcing. When agents face no aggregate risk, there is more cooperation, if (i) the utility function is more concave, and if (ii) income is more risky considering a mean-preserving spread or an SSD deterioration. However, (ii) no longer holds when insurance can only be incomplete, because of the interplay of idiosyncratic and aggregate risk. In the case of exponential (isoelastic) utility, cooperation depends positively on both the coefficient of absolute (relative) risk aversion and the standard deviation (coefficient of variation), and is independent of mean income. This paper also relates the level of cooperation to informal insurance transfers and the smoothness of consumption when perfect risk sharing is not achieved.informal insurance, limited commitment, risk preferences, riskiness, comparative statics, dynamic stochastic games

Antisemitism contested: the emergence, meanings and uses of a Hungarian key concept

Antisemitism has emerged as a key concept of the Hungarian sociopolitical vocabulary during the last decades when it has been chiefly employed by its critics. The paper lists four main reasons that are in turn historical, transnational, intellectual and political behind the much increased importance of this concept. Through the methods of conceptual history, it subsequently aims to show that the meaning of antisemitism has undergone significant changes since the fall of the communist regime. The three most important semantic shifts identified are its moralization, extension and politicization. While moralization is meant to indicate the complete unacceptability of antisemitism, its extended conception tends to depict it as a most complex and dangerous form of prejudice. Both the moralized and extended conception of antisemitism was also politically employed by Hungarian left liberals to contest the legitimacy of the conservative rightist forces. The latter have in turn aimed to redefine antisemitism as a political as much as a social or cultural issue, thereby contributing to its further politicization. More recent years have also brought about the visible revival of antisemitism – in spite of the concept having been recurrently and critically used in public discussions of recent decades

Deeply Embedded in Tradition. Interpretations of regional roots for modern Hungarian architecture in the 1960s

Sigfried Giedion’s seminal paper of 1954 on new regionalism was first mentioned in Hungary by János Bonta in his opposition at the Congress of the Association of Hungarian Architects in 1961. He referred to it as an acceptable way of adaptation to the local conditions, to meet the given place, landscape, nation and circumstances. This was the first and the last case when this expression occurred in Hungary in the coming decades. However, the question of how to relate modern architecture to the local conditions was kept on the agenda during the 1960s. In the discussions, the reference point was never the region or the place, but tradition. Even though two parallel approaches can be detected. The representatives of the first trend referred to folk architecture tradition and proposed the detailed analysis of the Hungarian peasant buildings as an authentic source. The other source or rather model was Finnish architecture, which could develop a special but at the same time European modern architecture. Modern Finnish architecture was also rooted in folk tradition and the connection between Hungarian and Finnish art and architecture could be detected back to the turn of the century, which as a ‘special relationship’ made this approach even more plausible. The paper discovers the two parallel approaches – both looking for tradition – but based on different interpretations and leading to different conclusions. We present the protagonists, architects and ethnographers, and follow how these concepts appeared in theory, in architectural reviews and in realised buildings during the 1960s.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Včasná diagnostika mnestických poruch u neurodegenerativních onemocnění

The ageing of the world's population means that the number of people with dementia, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD), will dramatically increase. That's why there is now a great effort to detect the presence of AD in its earliest predementia stages, in the stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and particularly to identify individuals with amnestic syndrome of the hippocampal type (Ha-MCI - preclinical AD). The aim of our studies was to reveal whether spatial navigation testing could serve as an early biomarker of AD - whether spatial navigation is impaired early in patients with MCI, especially in Ha-MCI patients. We used the human analogue of the Morris water maze, the Hidden Goal Task (HGT), which is designed t! o separate two different modes of navigation, egocentric (body- centred, hippocampus independent) and allocentric (world-centred, hippocampus dependent), using a real space navigation setting called the Blue Velvet Arena (BVA), fully enclosed cylindrical arena, as well as a computer version of the BVA. Our results suggest that spatial navigation is impaired already in patients with amnestic MCI, who are more likely to progress to AD, especially in those with amnestic syndrome of the hippocampal type. The Ha-MCI patients presented severe spatial navigation impairment similar to that seen in...Department of NeurologyNeurologická klinika2. lékařská fakultaSecond Faculty of Medicin

Kőbányai, János, ed. 2017. Holokauszt-olvasókönyv ['Holocaust Reader']. Budapest: Múlt és Jövő. 792 pp.

Kőbányai, János, ed. 2017. Holokauszt-olvasókönyv ['Holocaust Reader']. Budapest: Múlt és Jövő. 792 pp