The Geoglyphs of the Atacama Desert: A Bond of Landscape and Mobility

In the northern-most area of Chile, stretching six hundred miles down the coast of South America and expanding more than forty thousand square miles into Bolivia, Peru and Argentina lies the Atacama Desert. This massive, barren landscape consists of expansive salt flats, out of which towering volcanoes extend, reaching twenty thousand feet into the sky. The Atacama Desert is known to be the driest desert in the world, with a landscape resembling that of Mars (Vesilind 2003). Despite this extreme and often harsh environment, the Atacama Desert has been home to a diverse population since as early as 10,000 B.P.. Emerging out of a transfusion of The Late Formative Period and the Period of Regional Developments (between 1000 and 1450 A.D.), a new tradition began (Briones 2006) that involved indigenous peoples branding the earth over which they traveled and these impressions remain today. These structures are called “geoglyphs” and embody the most fundamental aspects of archaeological landscape, including feelings of deep attachment to the earth, means of survival, and religious vestiges

Using Deep Reinforcement Learning to Solve Perspective-Taking Task

Võime näha olukorda kellegi teise vaatenurgast on oluline oskus osalemaks mitme agendi koostöös või nendevahelises võistluses. See võime ei ole ainuomane inimestele. Antud töö uurib, mismoodi kellegi teise vaatenurga mudeldamine võiks toimida meie ajus. Selleks loodi virtuaalsetele agentidele keskkond, milles iga agent näeb ainult osa sellest. Näidatakse, kuidas erinevate stiimulõppe meetoditega on võimalik lahendada ülesandeid, mille puhul on kasu teise agendi vaatenurga mudeldamisest. Agendid kasutavad vastase vaatenurga modelleerimiseks tehisnärvivõrke.Perspective taking is the faculty that allows us to take the point of view of another agent.This capability is not unique to humans. This is an essential ability for agents to achieve efficient social interactions, including cooperation and competition. In this work, we present our progress toward reverse engineering how perspective taking task might be accomplished in our brains. We introduce an environment designed from scratch for the purpose of creating perspective-taking tasks, in which the environment is partially observable by its agents. We also show a set of different models that were able to pass multiple tests that would benefit from perspective taking capabilities. These models weretrained using reinforcement learning algorithms assisted by artificial neural networks

Emergence of Adaptive Circadian Rhythms in Deep Reinforcement Learning

Adapting to regularities of the environment is critical for biological organisms to anticipate events and plan. A prominent example is the circadian rhythm corresponding to the internalization by organisms of the $24$-hour period of the Earth's rotation. In this work, we study the emergence of circadian-like rhythms in deep reinforcement learning agents. In particular, we deployed agents in an environment with a reliable periodic variation while solving a foraging task. We systematically characterize the agent's behavior during learning and demonstrate the emergence of a rhythm that is endogenous and entrainable. Interestingly, the internal rhythm adapts to shifts in the phase of the environmental signal without any re-training. Furthermore, we show via bifurcation and phase response curve analyses how artificial neurons develop dynamics to support the internalization of the environmental rhythm. From a dynamical systems view, we demonstrate that the adaptation proceeds by the emergence of a stable periodic orbit in the neuron dynamics with a phase response that allows an optimal phase synchronisation between the agent's dynamics and the environmental rhythm.Comment: ICML 202

The Giants Will Stay - Now What?

Article about Moscone keeping the Giants in San Franciscohttps://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/mayor-moscone/1024/thumbnail.jp

Perspective Taking in Deep Reinforcement Learning Agents

Perspective taking is the ability to take the point of view of another agent. This skill is not unique to humans as it is also displayed by other animals like chimpanzees. It is an essential ability for social interactions, including efficient cooperation, competition, and communication. Here we present our progress toward building artificial agents with such abilities. We implemented a perspective taking task inspired by experiments done with chimpanzees. We show that agents controlled by artificial neural networks can learn via reinforcement learning to pass simple tests that require perspective taking capabilities. We studied whether this ability is more readily learned by agents with information encoded in allocentric or egocentric form for both their visual perception and motor actions. We believe that, in the long run, building better artificial agents with perspective taking ability can help us develop artificial intelligence that is more human-like and easier to communicate with

The Giants Will Stay - Now What?

Article about Moscone keeping the Giants in San Franciscohttps://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/mayor-moscone/1024/thumbnail.jp

The march: its origins and development to a culmination in the music of Mozart.

iv, 129 l. illus. (music) 28 cm. Typewritten. Bibliography: l. 125-129.There is no lack of available sources for the study of the music of Mozart or the Classical period. However, many of the more important references have not been translated, while the English studies tend to be of a general character. To this is added the difficulty of assessing the status of the march in eighteenth-century art music and consequently, in Mozart's music. Though analyzed and placed in context with appropriate cessations, serenades and divertimenti, the Mozart march is not discussed in terms of its historical position and development as an art form. Even the basic sources, such as the fine volumes on Mozart's life and works by Theodore de Wyzewa and Georges de Saint-Foix rarely touch on this aspect. Mention of Mozart and his treatment of the march is limited to a few chapters, to a few sentences in studies of military music, principally the work of Henry G. Farmer in English and P. Panoff in German. But to survey the march only in terms of its military connotations is to limit an already barren area of reference. The march and the military element, like the dance, has found its way into art music - in operas, serenades, concertos, symphonies, chamber music. However, its position as such has received little definition in serious studies. For those reasons, It has been necessary to provide a rather detailed, if not overly comprehensive survey of many diverse and seemingly unrelated factors. The pertinent examination of the varied sources and influences has provided the frame of reference required to broach the principal subject of this thesis. It is the intention of this thesis to show that what is outwardly a well-known, popular and obviously staple form of music, has not received sufficient attention; that its role In serious music is by no means a straightforward development; and that Mozart's contribution to this development was significant, despite his own apparent lack of interest in the march as a form of art music