Enseigner le français en contexte universitaire à des étudiants non francophones en mobilité : quelle place pour les littératures francophones ?

The role of literature in language teaching has been re-assessed ; it has been documented in numerous work, many of them paying a special attention to francophone literature, which seems to be able to function as a bridge between languages and cultures. This paper will analyze individual interviews conducted with teachers  working in French-language university centers. How do they define this corpus (including, or not, french «hexagonal» literature ?)  Which place and functions do they assign to theses litteratures in their teaching practices 

Actinins as novel broad-spectrum AMP isolated from the tentacle of Anthozoan Actinia equina (Linnaeus, 1758)

Capturing activities and defense mechanisms of Cnidarian are strongly associated with toxins and peptide with antimicrobial properties. AMP are an important component of many organisms’ innate immune system with a good inhibitory or killing effect against invaders pathogens. We investigated the AMP activity of acid extracts obtained from tentacle and body of Actinia equina (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) against Gram positive (Micrococcus lysodeikticus) and Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Vibrio alginolyticus) bacteria. The peptide fractions showed interesting minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values (concentrations up to 0.125 μg/ml) against tested pathogens. Tentacle acid extracts exhibiting a good antimicrobial activity, were further investigated, characterized and the peptides purified by reverse phase chromatography on solid phase Sep-Pak C8 column followed by several HPLC runs on C18 column. A broad-spectrum antibacterial peptides activity was detected in 40 % acetonitrile fractions. The Peptide 6.2 has a molecular weight of 2612.91 Da and is composed of 27 amino acids (Actinin A); while peptide 7.3 has a molecular weight of 4323.07 Da and is composed of 35 amino acids (Actinin B). The two peptides were completely sequenced and their aa sequence revealed similarity with the already described AMPs identified in amphibians and fish, with anti-Gram+ & Gram-, antifungal, candidacidal, anti- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity Actinins A and B were chemically synthesized and tested in vitro against the above-mentioned bacterial pathogens. The analysis identified the peptide Actinin B which showed an interesting antibacterial and can be considered good candidates for new therapeutic applications

Représentations du plurilinguisme chez de futurs enseignants de langue en formation initiale

What kind of representations of plurilingualism do students who are training to become teachers have? Do they take into account learners’ multilingual repertoires (L1 and others)? What role do these questions play in the building of their professional identity? These questions are addressed in this article by examining the results of a questionnaire study of 87 students training to become teachers. This research is part of a larger regional project which examines obstacles and opportunities in developing plurilingualism in an educational context

Le français langue de scolarisation face à l'hétérogénéité langagière

Violaine Bigot et Nadja Maillard ont croisé cent vingt-huit questionnaires recueillant les déclarations d’enseignants de l’école primaire avec des observations de classe pour comprendre les difficultés et les enjeux liés à l’enseignement du français langue de scolarisation comme un ensemble de pratiques discursives où les élèves sont conduits à appréhender la variation langagière sous une diversité de formes. Comment les enseignants mobilisent-ils les catégories pour penser la question de la variation en contexte scolaire ? Quelles sont les difficultés que pose, dans les échanges « impromptus » de la classe, le traitement de l’hétérogénéité constitutive des pratiques langagières ? Les auteures mettent en évidence la nécessité de dépasser l’opposition que constitue la paire « oral/ écrit » pour poser un autre regard sur la question de la variatio

The burden of endometriosis on women’s lifespan: A narrative overview on quality of life and psychosocial wellbeing

Endometriosis is a chronic, inflammatory disease affecting more than 170 million women worldwide and up to 10% of women of reproductive age. As a consequence of inflammatory reaction and infiltration of anatomic structures, endometriosis can cause “pain symptoms” including dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia, dysuria, and chronic pelvic pain. In this review, we summarized the impact of endometriosis on quality of life in all its aspects including sexual life, work, and social relationships. The data research was conducted using web‐based search engines and/or various electronic research databases querying for all articles related to endometriosis and quality of life from the inception of the database up to February 2020. Endometriosis has not only physical but also psychological effects, causing depression, anxiety, and compromising social relationships. Furthermore, endometriosis negatively impacts sexual life and social relationships. At last, the economic burden of endometriosis should not be underestimated, both individually and for the community, as this pathology leads to a loss of productivity at work and large use of health resources. Thus, endometriosis‐related symptoms control women’s lives compromising the quality of life in all aspects. In this review, we summarized the impact of endometriosis on various aspects of women’s lives

Is Adnexectomy Mandatory at the Time of Hysterectomy for Uterine Sarcomas? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background and Objectives: Uterine sarcomas represents only 3% of all the female genital tract ones. The tumoral stage is the most significant prognostic factor. The role of the bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) in the surgical management of FIGO stage IA and IB appears still controversial. This review aims to investigate the impact of bilateral adnexectomy in the treatment of uterine sarcoma. Methods: Following the recommendations in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, we systematically searched the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Medline, and Medscape databases in February 2022. We applied no language or geographical restrictions, but we considered only English studies. We included the studies containing data about Recurrence Rate (RR), Disease-free Survival (DFS), and Overall Survival (OS). We used comparative studies for meta-analysis. Results: Seventeen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria; 2 retrospective observational studies, and 15 retrospective comparative studies, And 14 out of the 15 comparative studies were enrolled in meta-analysis. A total of 3743 patients were analyzed concerning the use of adnexectomy with hysterectomy in patients with uterine sarcoma and compared with those who did not. Meta-analysis highlighted a non-significant worsening of the OS in the BSO group compared to the OP group and showed that adnexectomy does not improve the DFS (BSO OR 1.23 (95% CI 0.81–1.85) p = 0.34; I(2) = 24% p = 0.22). Conclusions: Most studies selected for our review showed that adnexectomy does not significantly affect the RR, OS, and PFS in treating FIGO stage I uterine sarcomas. Therefore, even if there is a unanimous consensus about bilateral adnexectomy in menopausal patients, preservation of ovarian tissue may be considered in premenopausal women. Nonetheless, there are not enough cases in the literature to recommend this procedure

Thoracic aortopathy in Turner syndrome and the influence of bicuspid aortic valves and blood pressure: a CMR study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p/> <p>To investigate aortic dimensions in women with Turner syndrome (TS) in relation to aortic valve morphology, blood pressure, karyotype, and clinical characteristics.</p> <p>Methods and results</p> <p>A cross sectional study of 102 women with TS (mean age 37.7; 18-62 years) examined by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR- successful in 95), echocardiography, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure. Aortic diameters were measured by CMR at 8 positions along the thoracic aorta. Twenty-four healthy females were recruited as controls. In TS, aortic dilatation was present at one or more positions in 22 (23%). Aortic diameter in women with TS and bicuspid aortic valve was significantly larger than in TS with tricuspid valves in both the ascending (32.4 ± 6.7 vs. 26.0 ± 4.4 mm; p < 0.001) and descending (21.4 ± 3.5 vs. 18.8 ± 2.4 mm; p < 0.001) aorta. Aortic diameter correlated to age (R = 0.2 - 0.5; p < 0.01), blood pressure (R = 0.4; p < 0.05), a history of coarctation (R = 0.3; p = 0.01) and bicuspid aortic valve (R = 0.2-0.5; p < 0.05). Body surface area only correlated with descending aortic diameter (R = 0.23; p = 0.024).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p/> <p>Aortic dilatation was present in 23% of adult TS women, where aortic valve morphology, age and blood pressure were major determinants of the aortic diameter.</p