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Subcycle squeezing of light from a time flow perspective

Light as a carrier of information and energy plays a fundamental role in both general relativity and quantum physics, linking these areas that are still not fully compliant with each other. Its quantum nature and spatio-temporal structure are exploited in many intriguing applications ranging from novel spectroscopy methods of complex many-body phenomena to quantum information processing and subwavelength lithography. Recent access to subcycle quantum features of electromagnetic radiation promises a new class of time-dependent quantum states of light. Paralleled with the developments in attosecond science, these advances motivate an urgent need for a theoretical framework that treats arbitrary wave packets of quantum light intrinsically in the time domain. Here, we formulate a consistent time domain theory of the generation and sampling of few-cycle and subcycle pulsed squeezed states, allowing for a relativistic interpretation in terms of induced changes in the local flow of time. Our theory enables the use of such states as a resource for novel ultrafast applications in quantum optics and quantum information.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figures (including supplementary information

Etiologia viral da doença fogo mexicano do tomateiro.

Este trabalho foi iniciado com o objetivo de determinar o agente etiológico e a caracterização da doença que entre os produtores é conhecida como ?Fogo Mexicano?.Dissertação (Mestre em Fitopatologia). Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF. Orientado por Alice Kazuko Inoue-Nagata, Embrapa Hortaliças

A new species of Pimelodus La Cépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from rio Ribeira de Iguape basin, Brazil

Pimelodus multicratifer, a new species, is described from the rio Ribeira de Iguape basin. The new species differs from the other Pimelodus species by the following features: 26 to 30 gill rakers on the first branchial arch; a combination of three to six rows of dark spots regularly or irregularly scattered on the flanks and several small dark spots irregularly scattered on the dorsal surface of head, supraoccipital process, and sometimes on the dorsal and caudal fins; striated lips; maxillary barbels reaching between posterior tip of the pelvic-fin rays and posterior tip of the middle caudal-fin rays.Pimelodus multicratifer, espécie nova, é descrita da bacia do rio Ribeira de Iguape. A espécie nova difere das demais espécies de Pimelodus pelas seguintes características: 26 a 30 rastros branquiais sobre o primeiro arco branquial; a combinação de três a seis fileiras de máculas regular ou irregularmente distribuídas sobre os flancos e várias máculas menores irregularmente distribuídas sobre a superfície dorsal da cabeça e processo supraoccipital, e algumas vezes, nas nadadeiras dorsal e caudal; lábios estriados; barbilhões maxilares alcançando a extremidade posterior dos raios da nadadeira pélvica e a extremidade posterior dos raios médios da nadadeira caudal.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) - BIOT

Ciclo de vida y dinámica poblacional de la enigmática tanaide Chondrochelia dubia (Tanaidacea: Leptocheliidae) en un lecho de algas tropicales

The present study describes the population dynamics and life history parameters of the enigmatic tanaid Chondrochelia dubia collected in Paiva Beach, tropical coast of Brazil. The region was impacted by a large, unexpected oil spill from August to October 2019. Samples were taken monthly between July 2019 and July 2020 in beds of the red seaweed Jania capillacea. The abundance of individuals was negatively correlated with monthly rainfall, with higher abundances in drier months. There was an unexpected significant drop in abundance in September, possibly caused by contact with the crude oil, but the population recovered fully within two months. The parameters of the von Bertallanfy growth equation, calculated for the first time for the species, were Linf=5.26 mm; k=3.36 year–1; t0=0.0. Compared with other studies, the specimens are very small (2.04 ± 0.95 mm in length), females reach sexual maturity very early (L50=2.3 mm), and natural mortality is high (Z=M=5.77 year–1), indicating an opportunistic life strategy. This study reinforces the bioindication potential of C. dubia and the use of bootstrapped length-based methods to estimate key population parameters in small marine invertebrates.El presente estudio describió la dinámica poblacional y los parámetros del ciclo de vida del enigmático tanaidáceo Chondrochelia dubia recolectado en la playa de Paiva, costa tropical de Brasil. La región se vio afectada por un gran derrame de petróleo inesperado de agosto a octubre de 2019. Se tomaron muestras mensualmente entre julio de 2019 y julio de 2020 en lechos de algas rojas Jania capillacea. La abundancia de individuos se correlacionó negativamente con la precipitación mensual, con mayor abundancia en los meses más secos. Hubo una inesperada caída significativa de la abundancia en septiembre, posiblemente causada por el contacto con el petróleo crudo, sin embargo, la población se recuperó por completo en dos meses. Los parámetros de la ecuación de crecimiento de von Bertallanfy, calculados por primera vez para la especie, fueron: Linf=5.26 mm; k=3.36 año–1; t0=0,0. En comparación con otros estudios, los ejemplares son muy pequeños (2.04 ± 0.95 mm de longitud), las hembras alcanzan la madurez sexual muy temprano (L50=2.3 mm), y la mortalidad natural es relativamente alta (Z=M=5.77 año–1), lo que indica una estrategia de vida oportunista. Este estudio refuerza el potencial de bioindicación de C. dubia y el uso de métodos bootstrap basados en la longitud para estimar parámetros de población clave en pequeños invertebrados marinos

Genetic diversity of arboreal cotton populations of the Brazilian semiarid: a remnant primary gene pool for cotton cultivars.

Mocó cotton belong to the same species as the cultivated species, Gossypium hirsutum, and cultivated forms were mainly landraces but also developed as cultivars, bearing good fiber quality and drought tolerant when cropped as a perennial species. The northeast Brazil crop system based on this cotton type is finished, with a few small area planted in the three main States, where it was previously cultivated (Ceará, Paraíba, and Rio Grande do Norte), but in others, maintenance is accomplished by single dooryard plants. Plants were found in all visited Northeast Brazil municipalities, sometimes in the North of the country, and were collected for ex situ preservation and evaluation. Most of seeds had no fuzz (62.2%) and 94.6% of the genotypes presented spot in flowers. Seventy-one alleles were revealed in 12 loci. The genetic structure of the population evaluated by microsatellite markers shows two main groups, one comprising the Seridó region where landraces were originated and other comprising the state of Ceará, where a specific breeding program was developed. Genotypes collected in North Brazil States as well as those collected in Bahia, Alagoas, and Sergipe grouped with those collected in Ceará. The Mantel correlogram indicates a significant (P < 0.05) correlation between genetic and geographical distances up to 77 km. The ex situ maintenance and agronomical evaluation are the main concerns for mocó, as the use of the agricultural interesting traits, possibly introgressed to other genotypes, is predicted. The in situ preservation is still of interest since there is more diversity there than in the collected plants and some should be continued due to use as medicinal plant

Análises de componentes principais das características físicas e físico-químicas de híbridos e linhagens de mamoeiro.

O agronegócio do mamão é de suma importância para o Brasil, em função de seus aspectos sociais e econômicos, que caracterizam o país como um dos principais produtores mundiais. Atualmente, a região nordeste é responsável por 64,2% da área nacional plantada, com 23,8 mil hectares e colheita anual de cerca de 1.179 mil toneladas. Nos últimos anos, os principais estados produtores têm sido Bahia, Espírito Santo, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba e Pará (FAOSTAT, 2010). No comércio internacional, as vendas brasileiras ocupam o terceiro lugar, sendo superadas pelo México e pela Malásia (SOUZA et al., 2007). O primeiro híbrido de mamão brasileiro, denominado de Caliman/UENF01 popularmente conhecido como Calimosa, foi desenvolvido pela Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF) em parceria com a Empresa Caliman Agrícola S/A (JORNAL DA CIÊNCIA, 2003). Este híbrido representa uma alternativa para o cultivo do mamoeiro no país. As variedades mais cultivadas para consumo interno são dos grupos Solo e Formosa e para a exportação, prevalece a variedade Golden, pertencente ao grupo Solo (JACOMINO et al., 2003). Contudo, ainda existe uma grande lacuna em termos de opções de cultivares e híbridos de mamoeiro que atendam todas as exigências dos mercados nacional e internacional. Por esta razão, o Programa de Melhoramento Genético do Mamoeiro da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura vem desenvolvendo novas variedades que possam atender a estas expectativas.PDF. T55