Secondary hosts as potential inoculum source for rice blast pathogen in Argentina

PósterRice Blast is the main disease of this crop in Argentina. It occurs sporadically at different rice growing areas, mainly in Santa Fe and Chaco provinces. However, when environmental conditions are favorable to disease development, Rice Blast can cause damages in other rice growing areas, such as Entre Ríos or Corrientes provinces. Inoculum survival and pathogen population specificity are important issues to understand Rice Blast epidemiology. Pyricularia grisea isolates from Phalaris canariensis, Stenotaphrum secundatum, Lolium perenneand Digitaria sanguinalis were collected in Entre Ríos fields in 2007. Greenhouse assays were performed. The isolates were artificially inoculated to rice genotypes, including differential lines with resistant genes Pi1, Pi2, Pita or Pi33; and commercial varieties as Cambá INTA-Proarroz, Puitá INTA-CL, or Supremo-13. Re-isolations of the pathogen from foliar symptoms were done. Any contamination was prevented. All isolates caused typical Rice Blast foliar symptoms in different rice genotypes. Differential line with Pi2showed symptoms with all the isolates evaluated. The other genotypes showed susceptible or no reactions, according to the isolate. Molecular characterization of original and re-isolated strains will be done. This work enhances the study of secondary hosts´ potential role in Rice Blast epidemiology in Argentina.EEA Concepción del UruguayFil: Pedraza, Maria Virginia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Liberman, Claudia Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Nuñez Bordoy, Evangelina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Asselborn, Miriam. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; Argentin

Secondary hosts as potential inoculum source for Rice Blast pathogen in Argentina

PósterRice Blast is the main disease of this crop in Argentina. It occurs sporadically at different rice growing areas, mainly in Santa Fe and Chaco provinces. However, when environmental conditions are favorable to disease development, Rice Blast can cause damages in other rice growing areas, such as Entre Ríos or Corrientes provinces. Inoculum survival and pathogen population specificity are important issues to understand Rice Blast epidemiology. Objective is to evaluate the virulence of “Pyricularia grass isolates” collected from Argentine rice growing area, on rice differential lines with resistant genes (Pi1, Pi2, Pi33 and Pita) and commercial varieties.EEA Concepción del UruguayFil: Pedraza, Maria Virginia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Liberman, Claudia Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Nuñez Bordoy, Evangelina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Asselborn, Miriam. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Concepción del Uruguay; Argentin

Elder Orphans Hiding in Plain Sight: A Growing Vulnerable Population

Adults are increasingly aging alone with multiple chronic diseases and are geographically distant from family or friends. It is challenging for clinicians to identify these individuals, often struggling with managing the growing difficulties and the complexities involved in delivering care to this population. Clinicians often may not recognize or know how to address the needs that these patients have in managing their own health. While many such patients function well at baseline, the slightest insult can initiate a cascade of avoidable negative events. We have resurrected the term elder orphan to describe individuals living alone with little to no support system. Using public data sets, including the US Census and University of Michigan’s Health and Retirement Study, we estimated the prevalence of adults 65 years and older to be around 22%. Thus, in this paper, we strive to describe and quantify this growing vulnerable population and offer practical approaches to identify and develop care plans that are consistent with each person’s goals of care. The complex medical and psychosocial issues for elder orphans significantly impact the individual person, communities, and health-care expenditures. We hope to encourage professionals across disciplines to work cooperatively to screen elders and implement policies to prevent elder orphans from hiding in plain sight

Epidemiología de la Fluorosis Dental en adolescentes de 12 años: Revisión sistemática

La prevalencia de fluorosis dental presenta una gran variabilidad a nivel mundial. Es necesario su análisis como parte de la vigilancia epidemiológica. Objetivo: Conocer la literatura disponible sobre prevalencia de fluorosis dental a la edad de 12 años en relación con el método de fluoruración comunitario utilizado. Metodología: Dos investigadoras realizaron una revisión sistemática de la literatura sin límites temporales siguiendo las pautas PRISMA, utilizando las bases de datos Pubmed, Cochrane, Scopus, BVS y Google Schoolar en idioma inglés, español, portugués e italiano. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 19 artículos de diseño transversal, 16 pertenecientes a comunidades que utilizan agua fluorurada, uno que utiliza sal fluorurada y 2 que comparan resultados entre comunidades que utilizan agua o sal fluorurada. Conclusiones: existe gran variabilidad en los reportes de prevalencia de fluorosis dental. Independientemente del método de fluoruración comunitario utilizado las lesiones de fluorosis de severidad leve son las más prevalentes

Professionals as network producers: compositions and connections in health care

This article presents partial results of an intervention research performed in basic health units and seeks to problematize health care networks. Following daily paths of users, selected teams from services, it was asked how and when networks become more powerful and produce health or, on the contrary, when they weaken themselves. Health care networks are broad and operationalized in different ways. They articulate multiple vectors consisting of formal and informal, visible and invisible, objective and subjective elements that contribute to facilitate or to hinder the construction of points of articulation between services, people and resources to health care. Considering professionals as network producers, we discuss the tensions between ordering and hierarchical systems and the perspective of a rhizomatic network, the routing flows and the movements that the different actors involved perform to produce the care network. Bringing to the center the users, their rights and the limits and potentialities of their social places, we could see weaknesses in the production of care, in the composition of the networks and in the promotion of health. Also, it turns out that resources and connections are reinvented in the daily encounter between institutions and subjects, which affect each other and can support the practices of network care.Este artigo apresenta resultados parciais de uma pesquisa-intervenção realizada em unidades básicas de saúde e procura problematizar processos de cuidado de saúde em rede. Acompanhando percursos cotidianos de usuários, selecionados por equipes dos serviços, indaga como e quando as redes ficam mais potentes e produzem saúde ou, ao contrário, se enfraquecem. Verificam-se redes de atenção amplas, operacionalizadas de diversas maneiras e compostas por múltiplos vetores e elementos formais e informais, visíveis e invisíveis, objetivos e subjetivos que contribuem para facilitar ou dificultar a construção de pontos de articulação entre serviços, pessoas e recursos para o cuidado. Com o recorte dos profissionais como produtores de rede, discute-se as tensões entre sistemas de ordenação e hierarquização e a perspectiva de uma rede de caráter rizomático, os fluxos de encaminhamento e os movimentos que os diferentes atores realizam na produção da rede de cuidado. Trazendo para o centro os usuários, seus direitos e os limites e as potencialidades de seus lugares sociais, pôde-se perceber fragilidades na produção do cuidado, na composição das redes e na promoção da saúde. Verifica-se também que recursos e conexões são cotidianamente reinventados no encontro entre instituições e sujeitos, que se afetam mutuamente e podem apoiar as práticas de cuidado em rede.Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Santos, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Curcumin ameliorates autoimmune diabetes. Evidences in accelerated murine models of type 1 diabetes

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease that selectively destroys pancreatic β cells. The only possible cure for T1DM is to control autoimmunity against β cell-specific antigens. We explored whether the natural compound curcumin, with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, might down-regulate the T cell response that destroys pancreatic β cells to improve disease outcome in autoimmune diabetes. We employed two accelerated autoimmune diabetes models: (i) cyclophosphamide (CYP) administration to non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice and (ii) adoptive transfer of diabetogenic splenocytes into NODscid mice. Curcumin treatment led to significant delay of disease onset, and in some instances prevented autoimmune diabetes by inhibiting pancreatic leucocyte infiltration and preserving insulin-expressing cells. To investigate the mechanisms of protection we studied the effect of curcumin on key immune cell populations involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Curcumin modulates the T lymphocyte response impairing proliferation and interferon (IFN)-γ production through modulation of T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet), a key transcription factor for proinflammatory T helper type 1 (Th1) lymphocyte differentiation, both at the transcriptional and translational levels. Also, curcumin reduces nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in T cell receptor (TCR)-stimulated NOD lymphocytes. In addition, curcumin impairs the T cell stimulatory function of dendritic cells with reduced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) and low surface expression of co-stimulatory molecules, leading to an overall diminished antigen-presenting cell activity. These in-vitro effects correlated with ex-vivo analysis of cells obtained from curcumin-treated mice during the course of autoimmune diabetes. These findings reveal an effective therapeutic effect of curcumin in autoimmune diabetes by its actions on key immune cells responsible for β cell death.Fil: Castro, Carla Noemí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Barcala Tabarrozzi, Andrés Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Winnewisser, Julia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Gimeno, Maria Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Antunica Noguerol, María de Las Nieves. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Liberman, Ana Clara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Paz, Dante Agustin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; ArgentinaFil: Dewey, Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas - Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas (sede Chascomús); ArgentinaFil: Perone, Marcelo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires; Argentin

Articulating theory and practice and producing innovation in the professional master's degree program in Health Sciences Teaching

This paper aims to analyze the experience of the discipline "Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre as Práticas" (GEPPRA - Study and Research Group on Practices) of the Professional Master's Degree Program in Health Sciences Teaching of the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Baixada Santista Campus. The focus was on the scribe method and its strong points as a teaching-learning method and as a source of reflection. The analyzed corpus was composed of fourteen texts written by students and professors. The analysis stages were: automatic pragmatic analysis of the texts with the aid of the Alceste software; content analysis of passages that contained the following keywords: Geppra (Geppra I, Geppra II), Scribe (written, write) and Work (action, practice and reflection), in order to identify some of the meanings attributed to GEPPRA; the scribe method; and effects of this discipline in the professional practice. Results show that it was possible to build a new network textuality collectively, based on a reflective experience, with exchanges, discussions and questionings concerning ways to deal with challenging work scenarios. This study shows that the scribe methodology is a powerful tool that can be used in other professional education contexts or group processes, both academic and/or clinical.Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a experiência da disciplina de pós-graduação Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre as Práticas (GEPPRA) do Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Ensino em Ciências da Saúde, da Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, campus Baixada Santista, com foco na metodologia dos escribas, sua potência como método de ensino-aprendizagem e como fonte de reflexão. O corpus analisado foi de 14 registros elaborados por estudantes e docentes, e as etapas de análise foram: análise pragmática automática dos textos com auxílio do programa Alceste; análise de conteúdo dos trechos que continham as palavras-chave: Geppra (Geppra I, Geppra II), Escriba (escrito, escrever) e Trabalho (fazer, prática e reflexão) para identificar alguns sentidos atribuídos ao GEPPRA; a metodologia dos escribas; e efeitos da disciplina na prática profissional. Os resultados apontam que foi possível construir coletivamente uma nova textualidade em rede, a partir de uma experiência reflexiva, com troca, discussão e questionamento sobre as maneiras de lidar com situações desafiadoras no trabalho. Afirma-se a potência da ferramenta dos escribas e o seu uso em outros contextos de formação ou nos processos grupais, sejam acadêmicos e/ou clínicos

GR-independent down-modulation on GM-CSF bone marrow-derived dendritic cells by the selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator Compound A

Dendritic cells (DC) initiate the adaptive immune response. Glucocorticoids (GCs) down-modulate the function of DC. Compound A (CpdA, (2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)-2-chloro-N-methyl-ethylammonium chloride) is a plant-derived GR-ligand with marked dissociative properties. We investigated the effects of CpdA on in vitro generated GM-CSF-conditioned bone marrow-derived DC (BMDC). CpdA-exposed BMDC exhibited low expression of cell-surface molecules and diminution of the release of proinflammatory cytokines upon LPS stimulation; processes associated with BMDC maturation and activation. CpdA-treated BMDC were inefficient at Ag capture via mannose receptor-mediated endocytosis and displayed reduced T-cell priming. CpdA prevented the LPS-induced rise in pErk1/2 and pP38, kinases involved in TLR4 signaling. CpdA fully inhibited LPS-induced pAktSer473, a marker associated with the generation of tolerogenic DC. We used pharmacological blockade and selective genetic loss-of-function tools and demonstrated GR-independent inhibitory effects of CpdA in BMDC. Mechanistically, CpdA-mediated inactivation of the NF-κB intracellular signaling pathway was associated with a short-circuiting of pErk1/2 and pP38 upstream signaling. Assessment of the in vivo function of CpdA-treated BMDC pulsed with the hapten trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid showed impaired cell-mediated contact hypersensitivity. Collectively, we provide evidence that CpdA is an effective BMDC modulator that might have a benefit for immune disorders, even when GR is not directly targeted.Fil: Barcala Tabarrozzi, Andrés Ezequiel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires - Instituto Partner de la Sociedad Max Planck; ArgentinaFil: Andreone, Luz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires - Instituto Partner de la Sociedad Max Planck; ArgentinaFil: Deckers, Julie. University of Ghent; BélgicaFil: Castro, Carla Noemí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires - Instituto Partner de la Sociedad Max Planck; ArgentinaFil: Gimeno, Maria Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires - Instituto Partner de la Sociedad Max Planck; ArgentinaFil: Ariolfo, Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires - Instituto Partner de la Sociedad Max Planck; ArgentinaFil: Berguer, Paula Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Antunica Noguerol, María de Las Nieves. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires - Instituto Partner de la Sociedad Max Planck; ArgentinaFil: Liberman, Ana Clara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires - Instituto Partner de la Sociedad Max Planck; ArgentinaFil: Vettorazzi, Sabine. Universitat Ulm; AlemaniaFil: Tuckermann, Jan P.. Universitat Ulm; AlemaniaFil: De Bosscher, Karolien. University of Ghent; BélgicaFil: Perone, Marcelo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Investigación En Biomedicina de Buenos Aires - Instituto Partner de la Sociedad Max Planck; Argentin