327 research outputs found
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Collider tests of fundamental symmetries and neutrino properties
The CP parity of the Higgs boson and the details of the electroweak symmetry breaking are the two crucial ingredients to understand the matter-antimatter asymmetry in our universe. Electroweak baryogenesis is an intriguing solution to the puzzle of this unexplained observed asymmetry because of its testability at present and near future collider experiments. The possibilities of testing CP phase in the Two-Higgs-Doublets Models (2HDMs) and the generation of a strong first-order electroweak phase transition (SFOEWPT) in the real singlet model at the future high luminosity LHC are studied. In addition to the specific extensions to the Standard Model (SM), I also study the sensitivity of the future 100 TeV collider in probing the Wilson coefficients of the dimension 6 operators related to the Higgs sector using the effective field theory (EFT) approach. The observed non-zero neutrino mass is another phenomenon that the SM fails to explain. The Left-Right Symmetric Model (LRSM) proposes a natural explanation of the smallness of the neutrino mass and its connection to the high scale spontaneous parity violation. I study the prospects of searching the heavy right-handed neutrinos and measuring the mixing between the light and heavy neutrinos in the framework of the minimal LRSM at the future 100 TeV hadron collider
An End-to-End Multi-Task Learning to Link Framework for Emotion-Cause Pair Extraction
Emotion-cause pair extraction (ECPE), as an emergent natural language
processing task, aims at jointly investigating emotions and their underlying
causes in documents. It extends the previous emotion cause extraction (ECE)
task, yet without requiring a set of pre-given emotion clauses as in ECE.
Existing approaches to ECPE generally adopt a two-stage method, i.e., (1)
emotion and cause detection, and then (2) pairing the detected emotions and
causes. Such pipeline method, while intuitive, suffers from two critical
issues, including error propagation across stages that may hinder the
effectiveness, and high computational cost that would limit the practical
application of the method. To tackle these issues, we propose a multi-task
learning model that can extract emotions, causes and emotion-cause pairs
simultaneously in an end-to-end manner. Specifically, our model regards pair
extraction as a link prediction task, and learns to link from emotion clauses
to cause clauses, i.e., the links are directional. Emotion extraction and cause
extraction are incorporated into the model as auxiliary tasks, which further
boost the pair extraction. Experiments are conducted on an ECPE benchmarking
dataset. The results show that our proposed model outperforms a range of
state-of-the-art approaches.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, 5 table
MA2CL:Masked Attentive Contrastive Learning for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
Recent approaches have utilized self-supervised auxiliary tasks as
representation learning to improve the performance and sample efficiency of
vision-based reinforcement learning algorithms in single-agent settings.
However, in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), these techniques face
challenges because each agent only receives partial observation from an
environment influenced by others, resulting in correlated observations in the
agent dimension. So it is necessary to consider agent-level information in
representation learning for MARL. In this paper, we propose an effective
framework called \textbf{M}ulti-\textbf{A}gent \textbf{M}asked
\textbf{A}ttentive \textbf{C}ontrastive \textbf{L}earning (MA2CL), which
encourages learning representation to be both temporal and agent-level
predictive by reconstructing the masked agent observation in latent space.
Specifically, we use an attention reconstruction model for recovering and the
model is trained via contrastive learning. MA2CL allows better utilization of
contextual information at the agent level, facilitating the training of MARL
agents for cooperation tasks. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method
significantly improves the performance and sample efficiency of different MARL
algorithms and outperforms other methods in various vision-based and
state-based scenarios. Our code can be found in
\url{https://github.com/ustchlsong/MA2CL
Investigating Impulse Buying Behavior in Live Streaming Commerce: The Role of Social Presence
Live streaming is changing the paradigm of peopleâs entertainment and consumption. It has been adopted by many small individual sellers to improve their market performance, leading to the emergence of live streaming commerce. Although existing literature has paid attention to consumer purchase behavior in live streaming commerce, little knowledge on impulse buying can be available. Drawing on social presence theory and cognitive-affective framework, this paper attempts to develop a theoretical model to investigate how social presence affects consumersâ urge to buy impulsively through the mediating mechanism of cognitive state (i.e., product risk) and affective state (i.e., affective intensity). This paper is expected to advance knowledge on consumersâ impulse buying in live streaming commerce
Distributed multi-user MIMO transmission using real-time sigma-delta-over-fiber for next generation fronthaul interface
To achieve the massive device connectivity and high data rate demanded by 5G, wireless transmission with wider signal bandwidths and higher-order multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is inevitable. This work demonstrates a possible function split option for the next generation fronthaul interface (NGFI). The proof-of-concept downlink architecture consists of real-time sigma-delta modulated signal over fiber (SDoF) links in combination with distributed multi-user (MU) MIMO transmission. The setup is fully implemented using off-the-shelf and in-house developed components. A single SDoF link achieves an error vector magnitude (EVM) of 3.14% for a 163.84 MHz-bandwidth 256-QAM OFDM signal (958.64 Mbps) with a carrier frequency around 3.5 GHz transmitted over 100 m OM4 multi-mode fiber at 850 nm using a commercial QSFP module. The centralized architecture of the proposed setup introduces no frequency asynchronism among remote radio units. For most cases, the 2 x 2 MU-MIMO transmission has little performance degradation compared to SISO, 0.8 dB EVM degradation for 40.96 MHz-bandwidth signals and 1.4 dB for 163.84 MHz-bandwidth on average, implying that the wireless spectral efficiency almost doubles by exploiting spatial multiplexing. A 1.4 Gbps data rate (720 Mbps per user, 163.84 MHz-bandwidth, 64-QAM) is reached with an average EVM of 6.66%. The performance shows that this approach is feasible for the high-capacity hot-spot scenario
The propagation of air fingers into an elastic branching network
We study experimentally the propagation of an air finger through the
Y-bifurcation of an elastic, liquid-filled Hele-Shaw channel, as a benchtop
model of airway reopening. With channel compliance provided by an elastic upper
boundary, we can impose collapsed channel configurations into which we inject
air with constant volume-flux. We typically observe steady finger propagation
in the main channel, which is lost ahead of the Y-bifurcation but subsequently
recovered in the daughter channels. At low levels of initial collapse, steady
finger shapes and bubble pressure in the daughter channels map onto those in
the main channel, despite small differences in initial collapse in different
parts of the Y-channel. However, at higher levels of initial collapse where the
elastic sheet almost touches the bottom boundary of the channel, experimentally
indistinguishable fingers in the main channel can lead to multiple states of
reopening of the daughter channels. The downstream distance at which steady
propagation is recovered in the daughter channels also varies considerably with
injection flow rate and initial collapse because of a transition in the
mechanics regulating finger propagation. We find that the characteristic time
and length-scales of this recovery are largest in the regime where viscous and
surface tension forces dominate at low flow rate and/or low initial collapse,
and that they decrease towards a constant plateau reached in the limit where
elastic and surface tension forces balance at high flow rate and/or high
initial collapse. Our findings suggest that practical networks are unlikely to
comprise long enough channels for steady state propagation to remain
established.Comment: 36 pages, 13 finger
Efficient parallelization of polyphase arbitrary resampling FIR filters for high-speed applications
This article describes a method for increasing the sampling rate of efficient polyphase arbitrary resampling FIR filters. An FPGA proof of concept prototype of this architecture has been implemented in a Xilinx Kintex-7 FPGA which is able to convert the sampling rate of a signal from 500 MHz to 600 MHz. This article compares this new architecture with other best known efficient resampling architectures implemented on the same FPGA. The area usage on the FPGA shows that our proposed implementation is very proficient in high bandwidth applications without requiring significantly more resources on the FPGA. A theoretical calculation of the resampling error introduced on a modulated data stream is provided to evaluate the new architecture against other existing resampling architectures
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