Fetal And Placental Doppler Velocimetry In Hypertensive Pregnant Women And Perinatal Outcomes According To Gestational Age [dopplervelocimetria Fetoplacentária Em Gestantes Hipertensas E Resultados Perinatais Segundo A Idade Gestacional]

To evaluate the pulsatility index of umbilical artery (UAPI) and middle cerebral artery (MCAPI), as well as the umbilical-cerebral pulsatility (UAPI/MCAPI) ratio in fetuses of hypertensive pregnant women and associated adverse perinatal outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors have analyzed UAPI, MCAPI and UAPI/MCAPI ratio in 289 fetuses of hypertensive women, correlating the results with the presence of adverse perinatal outcomes. Results were compared with and without adjustment for gestational age. RESULTS: Apgar score < 7 at the 5th minute was associated with altered outcomes after adjustment for gestational age. The risk for small-for-gestational-age infant increased three times after such adjustment, with statistical significance for all the Doppler parameters. The increase in risk for neonatal hypoxia after adjustment for gestational age was statistically significant for UAPI and UAPI/MCAPI ratio. No increase was observed in the risk for respiratory distress syndrome in the adjusted analysis. A three-time higher risk for perinatal mortality and altered UAPI with statistical significance was observed after adjustment. CONCLUSION: In fetuses of hypertensive pregnant women, UAPI demonstrated better correlations with perinatal outcomes than MCAPI and UAPI/MCAPI ratio. 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The Vermont Oxford Network (2000) Am J Obstet Gynecol, 182 (1 PART 1), pp. 198-206Zeitlin, J., Ancel, P.Y., Saurel-Cubizolles, M.J., The relationship between intrauterine growth restriction and preterm delivery: An empirical approach using data from a European case-control study (2000) BJOG, 107, pp. 750-758Yamamoto, R.M., Francisco, R.P.V., Miyadahira, S., Fatores prognósticos para o óbito perinatal em gestações com diástole zero ou reversa na dop-plervelocimetria das artérias umbilicais (2000) Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet, 22, pp. 353-363A randomised trial of timed delivery for the compromised preterm fetus: Short term outcomes and Bayesian interpretation (2003) BJOG, 110, pp. 27-32. , GRIT Study GroupFrancisco, R.P.V., Nomura, R.M.Y., Miyadahira, S., Diástole zero ou reversa na dopplervelocime-tria das artérias umbilicais (2001) Rev Assoc Med Bras, 47, pp. 30-36Andrade, J.Q., Miyadahira, S., Nomura, R.M.Y., Dopplervelocimetria dos compartimentos arterial e venoso da circulação fetal e umbilical em ges-tação de alto-risco: Análise dos resultados perina-tais (2002) Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet, 24, pp. 153-160Romero, R., Kalache, K.D., Kadar, N., Timing the delivery of the preterm severely growth-restricted fetus: Venous Doppler, cardiotocography or the biophysical profile? 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Melhoramento do trigo: XX. Herdabilidades e correlações entre os componentes de produção em populações híbridas envolvendo fontes de nanismo Wheat breeding: XX. Heritabilities and correlations among yield components in hybrid populations involving different sources of dwarfism

Foram estimados os valores da herdabilidade em sentido restrito para a produção de grãos, altura das plantas, número de espigas por planta e de grãos por espiga e peso de cem grãos, bem como as correlações entre esses parâmetros através de cruzamentos em forma dialética entre os cultivares BH-1146, Atlas-66, Tordo e Siete Cerros. Plantas representando os pais, as gerações F1 e F2 e os retrocruzamentos para ambos os pais foram estudadas em um ensaio em blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições, na Estação Experimental de Hyslop, da Universidade Estadual de Oregon, EUA, em 1978. Os valores da herdabilidade em sentido restrito para altura das plantas foram moderadamente altos para os cruzamentos BH-1146 x Atlas-66 (0,55), BH-1146 x Siete Cerros (0,60) e Atlas-66 x Siete Cerros (0,74); moderados para os cruzamentos Atlas-66 x Tordo (0,43) e Tordo x Siete Cerros (0,41), e baixo para o BH-1146 x Tordo (0,24). Foram estimados valores médios da herdabilidade em sentido restrito para número de espigas por planta variando de 0,43 a 0,58 para todos os cruzamentos, com exceção do BH-1146 x Atlas-66 e Atlas-66 x Tordo, que apresentaram valores baixos. Para o caráter peso de cem grãos, os indices da herdabilidade foram baixos para todos os cruzamentos, à exceção do BH-1146 x Atlas-66 e BH-1146 x Siete Cerros, que foram médios (0,40 e 0,45 respectivamente). Os valores da herdabilidade para produção de grãos foram baixos, à exceção dos verificados para os cruzamentos BH-1146 x Tordo (0,73) e BH-1146 x Siete Cerros (0,62). As correlações fenotípicas entre a produção de grãos e o número de espigas por planta, a altura das plantas, o número de grãos por espiga e o peso de cem grãos foram positivas e altamente significativas (com exceção da correlação produção de grãos e peso de cem grãos para a população BH-1146 x Atlas-66, que foi não-significativa). Os resultados sugerem ser possível selecionar somente plantas de porte semi-anão, com elevado potencial produtivo, alto número de grãos por espiga e de espigas por planta e elevado peso de cem grãos, desde que grandes populações segregantes sejam conduzidas para favorecer a identificação dos genótipos desejáveis originários das eventuais recombinações genéticas. Tal procedimento vem sendo adotado na seleção de cultivares de porte semi-anão para o Estado de São Paulo.<br>Diallelic crosses were made involving the standard height cultivars BH-1146 and Atlas-66, the semidwarf cultivar Siete Cerros and the dwarf source Tordo. Parents, F1's, F2's and reciprocal backcrosses were tested for grain yield, plant height, number of heads per plant, number of kernels per head, and for weight of 100 kernels, in an experiment carried out at Hyslop Farm, Oregon, U.S.A., in 1978. Narrow sense heritability estimates for plant height were moderately high for the crosses BH-1146 x Atlas-66 (0.55), BH-1146 x Siete Cerros (0.60) and Atlas-66 x Siete Cerros (0.74), moderate for the crosses Atlas-66 x Tordo (0.43) and Tordo x Siete Cerros (0.41) and low for the cross BH-1146 x Tordo (0.24). Moderate values (0.43 to 0.58) were estimated for number of heads per plant for all crosses with exception of the crosses BH-1146 x Atlas-66 and Atlas-66 x Tordo which presented low values for the narrow sense heritability. The heritability values for weight of 100 grains were low for all crosses with exception of the crosses BH-1146 x Atlas-66 and BH-1146 x Siete Cerros which presented moderate levels (0.40 and 0.45, respectively). In relation to grain yield the narrow sense heritability estimates were low with exception of those for the crosses BH-1146 x Tordo (0.73) and BH-1146 x Siete Cerros (0.62). The phenotypic correlations between grain yield and number of heads per plant, plant height, number of grains per head and weight of 100 grains were positive and mostly highly significant, except for the correlation between grain yield and weight of 100 grains for the population BH-1146 x Atlas-66, which was not significant. The results suggested that it would be possible to select semidwarf plants, with high yield potential, with high number of kernels per head and heads per plant, and 100 kernel weight if large segregating populations are used to identify desired genotypes originated from eventual genetic recombinations. This procedure is being used for selections of semidwarf wheat cultivars in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Evaluation of p16/Ki-67 dual-stained cytology as triage test for high-risk human papillomavirus-positive women

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility of p16/Ki-67 dual staining, for the identification of CIN in high-risk HPV-positive women from a non-responder screening cohort. P16/Ki-67 dual staining, Pap cytology, and HPV16/18 genotyping were performed on physician-taken liquid-based samples from 495 women who tested high-risk HPV positive on self-sampled material (PROHTECT-3B study). Different triage strategies involving p16/Ki-67 dual staining were evaluated for sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value for ≥CIN2 and ≥CIN3, and compared to Pap cytology with a threshold of atypical cells of undetermined significance. Centrally revised histology or an adjusted endpoint with combined high-risk HPV negative and cytology negative follow-up at 6 months was used as gold standard. Pap cytology (threshold atypical cells of undetermined significance) triage of high-risk HPV-positive samples showed a sensitivity of 93% (95% confidence interval: 85-98) with a specificity of 49% (95% confidence interval: 41-56) for ≥CIN3. Three triage strategies with p16/Ki-67 showed a significantly increased specificity with similar sensitivity. P16/Ki-67 triage of all high-risk HPV-positive samples had a sensitivity of 92% (95% confidence interval: 84-97) and a specificity of 61% (95% confidence interval: 54-69) for ≥CIN3. Applying p16/Ki-67 triage to only high-risk HPV-positive women with low-grade Pap cytology showed a similar sensitivity of 92% (95% confidence interval: 84-97), with a specificity for ≥CIN3 of 64% (95% confidence interval: 56-71). For high-risk HPV-positive women with low-grade and normal Pap cytology, triage with p16/Ki-67 showed a sensitivity of 96% (95% confidence interval: 89-99), and a specificity of 58% (95% confidence interval: 50-65). HPV16/18 genotyping combined with Pap cytology showed a sensitivity and specificity for ≥CIN3 similar to Pap cytology with an atypical cells of undetermined significance threshold. Because the quality of Pap cytology worldwide varies, and differences in sensitivity and specificity are limited between the three selected strategies, p16/Ki-67 triage of all high-risk HPV-positive samples would be the most reliable strategy in triage of high-risk HPV-positive women with an increased specificity and similar sensitivity compared with Pap cytology triage

Identification and validation of a 3-gene methylation classifier for hpv-based cervical screening on self-samples

Purpose: Offering self-sampling of cervico-vaginal material for high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing is an effective method to increase the coverage in cervical screening programs. Molecular triage directly on hrHPV-positive self-samples for colposcopy referral opens the way to full molecular cervical screening. Here, we set out to identify a DNA methylation classifier for detection of cervical precancer (CIN3) and cancer, applicable to lavage and brush self-samples. Experimental Design: We determined genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of 72 hrHPV-positive self-samples, using the Infinium Methylation 450K Array. The selected DNA methylation markers were evaluated by multiplex quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP) in both hrHPV-positive lavage (n ¼ 245) and brush (n ¼ 246) self-samples from screening cohorts. Subsequently, logistic regression analysis was performed to build a DNA methylation classifier for CIN3 detection applicable to self-samples of both devices. For validation, an independent set of hrHPV-positive lavage (n ¼ 199) and brush (n ¼ 287) self-samples was analyzed. Results: Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling revealed 12 DNA methylation markers for CIN3 detection. Multiplex qMSP analysis of these markers in large series of lavage and brush self-samples yielded a 3-gene methylation classifier (ASCL1, LHX8, and ST6GALNAC5). This classifier showed a very good clinical performance for CIN3 detection in both lavage (AUC ¼ 0.88; sensitivity ¼ 74%; specificity ¼ 79%) and brush (AUC ¼ 0.90; sensitivity ¼ 88%; specificity ¼ 81%) self-samples in the validation set. Importantly, all self-samples from women with cervical cancer scored DNA methylation–positive. Conclusions: By genome-wide DNA methylation profiling on self-samples, we identified a highly effective 3-gene methylation classifier for direct triage on hrHPV-positive self-samples, which is superior to currently available methods

Melhoramento do trigo: XXVII. Estimativas de variância, herdabilidade e correlações em populações híbridas para produção de grãos, tolerância a toxicidade de alumínio e altura das plantas Wheat breeding: XXVII. Variance, heritability and correlations in hybrid populations for grain yield, tolerance to aluminum toxicity and plant height

Visando estimar a herdabilidade em sentido restrito para tolerância ao Al3+, altura das plantas e produção de grãos, bem como as correlações entre essas características, foram efetuados cruzamentos entre os cultivares BH-1146, tolerante ao Al3+ e de porte alto; IAC-24, tolerante ao Al3+ e de porte semi-anão, e Anahuac, sensível ao Al3+ e de porte semi-anão. Plântulas representando os pais, as gerações F1 e F2 e os retrocruzamentos para ambos os pais, foram testadas para a reação a 6 mg/litro de Al3+ em solução nutritiva. As plantas, devidamente identificadas, foram transplantadas para vasos localizados no telado. Os valores da herdabilidade em sentido restrito para altura das plantas foram altos para os cruzamentos BH-1146 x Anahuac (0,732) e IAC-24 x Anahuac (0,799), e moderado para BH-1146 x IAC-24 (0,432). Para o caráter tolerância ao Al3+, o valor da herdabilidade foi alto para o cruzamento BH-1146 x Anahuac (0,922) e moderado para os cruzamentos BH-1146 x IAC-24 (0,425) e IAC-24 x Anahuac (0,494). Os valores da herdabilidade para produção de grãos foram baixos para todos os cruzamentos, variando entre 0,037 e 0,195. As correlações fenotípicas entre a produção de grãos e a altura das plantas foram positivas e altamente significativas para todos os cruzamentos em estudo. As correlações fenotípicas entre produção de grãos e tolerância ao Al3+ foram não significativas para todos os cruzamentos, com exceção do BH-1146 x IAC-24, que foi positiva e altamente significativa. A correlação fenotípica entre a altura das plantas e a tolerância ao Al3+ foi somente significativa e positiva para o cruzamento BH-1146 x IAC-24. Os resultados sugerem somente ser possível selecionar plantas de porte semi-anão, tolerantes ao Al3+ e de alto potencial produtivo, desde que grandes populações segregantes sejam conduzidas para favorecer a identificação dos genótipos desejáveis originários das eventuais recombinações genéticas.<br>Crosses were made involving the cultivars: BH-1146, tall and aluminum tolerant, IAC-24, semidwarf and aluminum tolerant and Anahuac, semidwarf and aluminum sensitive. Parents, F1's, F2's and reciprocal backcrosses were tested for their seedling reaction to 6mg/l of Al3+ in nutrient solution, in laboratory condition, and evaluated for grain yield and plant height at maturity in an experiment using pots, under a screen house in 1988 conditions at Experimental Center of Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Narrow sense heritabilities estimates were moderate to high for plant height (0.432-0.799) and for aluminum tolerance (0.425-0.922) and low for grain yield (0.037-0.195). Phenotypic correlations between grain yield and plant height were positive and significant for all populations under study. Phenotypic correlations between grain yield and aluminum tolerance were non significant (except for the population BH-1146 x IAC-24). The phenotypic correlation between plant height and aluminum tolerance was only positive and significant for the population BH-1146 x IAC-24. Results suggest it would be possible to select semidwarf plants, with aluminum tolerance and with high yield potential if large segregating populations were used to identify desired genotypes originated from eventual recombinations