The role of Volatile Anesthetics in Cardioprotection: a systematic review.

This review evaluates the mechanism of volatile anesthetics as cardioprotective agents in both clinical and laboratory research and furthermore assesses possible cardiac side effects upon usage. Cardiac as well as non-cardiac surgery may evoke perioperative adverse events including: ischemia, diverse arrhythmias and reperfusion injury. As volatile anesthetics have cardiovascular effects that can lead to hypotension, clinicians may choose to administer alternative anesthetics to patients with coronary artery disease, particularly if the patient has severe preoperative ischemia or cardiovascular instability. Increasing preclinical evidence demonstrated that administration of inhaled anesthetics - before and during surgery - reduces the degree of ischemia and reperfusion injury to the heart. Recently, this preclinical data has been implemented clinically, and beneficial effects have been found in some studies of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Administration of volatile anesthetic gases was protective for patients undergoing cardiac surgery through manipulation of the potassium ATP (KATP) channel, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as well as through cytoprotective Akt and extracellular-signal kinases (ERK) pathways. However, as not all studies have demonstrated improved outcomes, the risks for undesirable hemodynamic effects must be weighed against the possible benefits of using volatile anesthetics as a means to provide cardiac protection in patients with coronary artery disease who are undergoing surgery

Crescimento de plantas de mirtileiro sob influência de diferentes doses de nitrogênio.

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Photosynthetic pigment levels in Macroptilium lathyroides L under water deficit.

Título em espanhol: Contenido de pigmentos fotosinteticos Macroptilium lathyroides L en condiciones de sequia

Desenvolvimento vegetativo de cultivares de amoreira-preta (<i>Rubus</i> sp.) em sistema orgânico no Município de Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná, Brasil

A amoreira-preta (Rubus sp.) é uma pequena fruta adaptada a diferentes regiões do Brasil. O trabalho objetivou avaliar o desempenho vegetativo de quatro cultivares sob sistema orgânico, em Laranjeiras do Sul/PR. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com quatro cultivares (Tupy, Guarani, Cherokee e Xavante) e oito repetições. Foram avaliados os parâmetros vegetativos altura de planta, número de ramos laterais emitidos até dormência e massa fresca de parte aérea podada. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância com médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. As cultivares Tupy e Guarani obtiveram melhor desempenho, diferindo no parâmetro emissão de ramos laterais, sendo que Tupy teve maior média (26,29 ramos) e Guarani menor média (18,25 ramos). As demais cultivares tiveram pior desempenho nestas condições. Considerando os parâmetros avaliados, as cultivares Tupy e Guarani são recomendáveis para cultivo orgânico na região do estudo.Blackberry (Rubus sp.) is a small fruit adapted in different regions of Brazil. The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of four blackberry cultivars in an organic system in Laranjeiras do Sul/PR. The experiment was designed in randomized block design with four cultivars (Tupy, Guarani, Cherokee and Xavante) and eight replications. The vegetative parameters evaluated were plant height, number of lateral branches issued until dormancy and fresh weight of pruned material. Data were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey’s mean comparison test at 5% probability. The Tupy and Guarani blackberry cultivars had a better performance differing in the parameter issuing lateral branches wich was higher for Tupy (26,29 branches) while the Guarani cultivar showed lower average (18,25 branches). The other cultivars showed the worst performance in these conditions. In conclusion, Tupy and Guarani blackberry cultivars could be recommended to organic cultivation at región of study.Eje: A1 Sistemas de producción de base agroecológica (Trabajos científicos)Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Desenvolvimento vegetativo de cultivares de amoreira-preta (<i>Rubus</i> sp.) em sistema orgânico no Município de Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná, Brasil

A amoreira-preta (Rubus sp.) é uma pequena fruta adaptada a diferentes regiões do Brasil. O trabalho objetivou avaliar o desempenho vegetativo de quatro cultivares sob sistema orgânico, em Laranjeiras do Sul/PR. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com quatro cultivares (Tupy, Guarani, Cherokee e Xavante) e oito repetições. Foram avaliados os parâmetros vegetativos altura de planta, número de ramos laterais emitidos até dormência e massa fresca de parte aérea podada. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância com médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. As cultivares Tupy e Guarani obtiveram melhor desempenho, diferindo no parâmetro emissão de ramos laterais, sendo que Tupy teve maior média (26,29 ramos) e Guarani menor média (18,25 ramos). As demais cultivares tiveram pior desempenho nestas condições. Considerando os parâmetros avaliados, as cultivares Tupy e Guarani são recomendáveis para cultivo orgânico na região do estudo.Blackberry (Rubus sp.) is a small fruit adapted in different regions of Brazil. The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of four blackberry cultivars in an organic system in Laranjeiras do Sul/PR. The experiment was designed in randomized block design with four cultivars (Tupy, Guarani, Cherokee and Xavante) and eight replications. The vegetative parameters evaluated were plant height, number of lateral branches issued until dormancy and fresh weight of pruned material. Data were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey’s mean comparison test at 5% probability. The Tupy and Guarani blackberry cultivars had a better performance differing in the parameter issuing lateral branches wich was higher for Tupy (26,29 branches) while the Guarani cultivar showed lower average (18,25 branches). The other cultivars showed the worst performance in these conditions. In conclusion, Tupy and Guarani blackberry cultivars could be recommended to organic cultivation at región of study.Eje: A1 Sistemas de producción de base agroecológica (Trabajos científicos)Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Formation mechanisms of macroscopic globules in andesitic glasses from the Izu–Bonin–Mariana forearc (IODP Expedition 352)

The Izu–Bonin–Mariana volcanic arc is situated at a convergent plate margin where subduction initiation triggered the formation of MORB-like forearc basalts as a result of decompression melting and near-trench spreading. International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 352 recovered samples within the forearc basalt stratigraphy that contained unusual macroscopic globular textures hosted in andesitic glass (Unit 6, Hole 1440B). It is unclear how these andesites, which are unique in a stratigraphic sequence dominated by forearc basalts, and the globular textures therein may have formed. Here, we present detailed textural evidence, major and trace element analysis, as well as B and Sr isotope compositions, to investigate the genesis of these globular andesites. Samples consist of K2O-rich basaltic globules set in a glassy groundmass of andesitic composition. Between these two textural domains a likely hydrated interface of devitrified glass occurs, which, based on textural evidence, seems to be genetically linked to the formation of the globules. The andesitic groundmass is Cl rich (ca. 3000μg/g), whereas globules and the interface are Cl poor (ca. 300μg/g). Concentrations of fluid-mobile trace elements also appear to be fractionated in that globules and show enrichments in B, K, Rb, Cs, and Tl, but not in Ba and W relative to the andesitic groundmass, whereas the interface shows depletions in the latter, but is enriched in the former. Interestingly, globules and andesitic groundmass have identical Sr isotopic composition within analytical uncertainty (87Sr/86Sr of 0.70580±10), indicating that they likely formed from the same source. However, globules show high δ11B (ca. + 7‰), whereas their host andesites are isotopically lighter (ca. – 1 ‰), potentially indicating that whatever process led to their formation either introduced heavier B isotopes to the globules, or induced stable isotope fractionation of B between globules and their groundmass. Based on the bulk of the textural information and geochemical data obtained from these samples, we conclude that these andesites likely formed as a result of the assimilation of shallowly altered oceanic crust (AOC) during forearc basaltic magmatism. Assimilation likely introduced radiogenic Sr, as well as heavier B isotopes to comparatively unradiogenic and low δ11B forearc basalt parental magmas (average 87Sr/86Sr of 0.703284). Moreover, the globular textures are consistent with their formation being the result of fluid-melt immiscibility that was potentially induced by the rapid release of water from assimilated AOC whose escape likely formed the interface. If the globular textures present in these samples are indeed the result of fluid-melt immiscibility, then this process led to significant trace element and stable isotope fractionation. The textures and chemical compositions of the globules highlight the need for future experimental studies aimed at investigating the exsolution process with respect to potential trace element and isotopic fractionation in arc magmas that have perhaps not been previously considered

Desenvolvimento vegetativo de cultivares de amoreira-preta (<i>Rubus</i> sp.) em sistema orgânico no Município de Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná, Brasil

A amoreira-preta (Rubus sp.) é uma pequena fruta adaptada a diferentes regiões do Brasil. O trabalho objetivou avaliar o desempenho vegetativo de quatro cultivares sob sistema orgânico, em Laranjeiras do Sul/PR. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com quatro cultivares (Tupy, Guarani, Cherokee e Xavante) e oito repetições. Foram avaliados os parâmetros vegetativos altura de planta, número de ramos laterais emitidos até dormência e massa fresca de parte aérea podada. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância com médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. As cultivares Tupy e Guarani obtiveram melhor desempenho, diferindo no parâmetro emissão de ramos laterais, sendo que Tupy teve maior média (26,29 ramos) e Guarani menor média (18,25 ramos). As demais cultivares tiveram pior desempenho nestas condições. Considerando os parâmetros avaliados, as cultivares Tupy e Guarani são recomendáveis para cultivo orgânico na região do estudo.Blackberry (Rubus sp.) is a small fruit adapted in different regions of Brazil. The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of four blackberry cultivars in an organic system in Laranjeiras do Sul/PR. The experiment was designed in randomized block design with four cultivars (Tupy, Guarani, Cherokee and Xavante) and eight replications. The vegetative parameters evaluated were plant height, number of lateral branches issued until dormancy and fresh weight of pruned material. Data were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey’s mean comparison test at 5% probability. The Tupy and Guarani blackberry cultivars had a better performance differing in the parameter issuing lateral branches wich was higher for Tupy (26,29 branches) while the Guarani cultivar showed lower average (18,25 branches). The other cultivars showed the worst performance in these conditions. In conclusion, Tupy and Guarani blackberry cultivars could be recommended to organic cultivation at región of study.Eje: A1 Sistemas de producción de base agroecológica (Trabajos científicos)Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Avaliação de híbridos comerciais de milho em áreas de arroz irrigado no Rio Grande do Sul. 2000/01 e 2001/02.

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