RADIOMETRIC MEASUREMENT OF GREENHOUSES WITH PLASTIC COVER AT CAMPINAS REGION-SP

The objective of this study was to characterize the radiometric relationship and changing in three greenhouses covered with transparent low density polyethylene film (PEBD) with a 150 mu m single layer of low density polyethylene film, treated with compounds that inhibit rapid degradation by ultraviolet radiation, under effects of different environments. The experiments were conducted during hydroponics lettuce production of Vera variety at Campinas region-SP in different periods of the year, aiming the use of experimental data from meteorological stations in substitution of the needs to pursue radiometric equipments for internal measurements. Three identical greenhouses, in shape and volume, with steel metal structure were used. Data of internal and external global solar radiation (RSGI and RSGE, W m(2)), photosynthetically active radiation (RFA, mu mol m(-2) s(-1)), and ultraviolet radiation in 254; 312 e 365 nm (RUV, W m(-2)) were collected. The results showed that the linear regression equations are acceptable to estimate the photosynthetically active radiation based on the external global solar radiation. Closed acclimatized greenhouses show better statistical correlation between the photosynthetically active radiation and the external global solar radiation. The orientation of non acclimatized greenhouses does not influence the internal scattering of photosynthetically active radiation.31344845

SIMULATIONS OF MICROCLIMATE IN GREENHOUSES AIMING THE ACCLIMATIZATION OF MICROPROPAGATED SEEDLINGS OF BANANA CV. GRANDE NAINE

In acclimatization processes, the environment control takes over a part of vital importance, since in in vitro condition banana seedlings do not efficiently operate the absorption of light. water and nutrients. Therefore, they should be Submitted to controlled environments under feasible conditions Of luminosity, temperature (around 28 degrees C, with minimum of 18 degrees C and maximum of 34 degrees C), and relative humidity above 75%. For this purpose, it was installed five mini tunnels with controlled temperature and relative humidity. For the control of temperature it was used pad-fan evaporative coolers at 28/25 degrees C. For the control of relative humidity it was used fogging during the day at 75% Under intermittence of 6s at each 40s. For temperature and relative humidity monitoring, it was installed three aspirate psychrometers in each mini tunnel connected to a data logger for daily acquisition every 60s. Temperature and relative air humidity were adequate for plants development, however significant differences were observed between the different environment conditions. For luminosity Study, under transparent plastic film (low density polyethylene) of 100 mu m thickness, it was used four meshes with average shading in the PAR spectrum band (400 to 700nm) of 69.92%, 50.73%, 29.73%, and 57.77%, being the first three in red color (with top level at 580nm, and abrupt reduction after that), the fourth mesh was black (linear behavior). The fifth tunnel had only transparent plastic film, showing 12.74% of solar radiation interception. These values were obtained from paired samples (mesh and plastic film) for the first four tunnels, and only the transparent plastic film for the last, using a spectral radiometer (400 to 1100nm), with spectral resolution of 2nm. Inside and outside of each environment it was obtained global and PAR irradiance by using calibrated photovoltaic sensors at 9:00, 12:00, and 3:00, under clean and cloudy sky, during the summer of 2004/05, and winter of 2005. The red mesh presented differentiated transmittances at the PAR spectrum band which established an interesting material for acclimatization studies. Results show bigger reductions on the PAR spectrum band for the red mesh, regardless of time. solar radiation. or seasons. which agree with the results obtained by the spectral radiometer3041001100

ORGANOSUPER (R) AND PROTECTED ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS IN THE FORMATION OF PAPAYA SEEDLING

The objective of this research was to evaluate contents of organic compounds and protected environment in the formation of papaya seedling. The experiment was carried out in 2007 from September to December. The environments were: plastic greenhouse with height of 2.5m; nursery with height of 2.5m covered by shade net with black monofilament of 50% shading rate; nursery with height of 2.5m covered by Aluminum shading screen with shading rate of 50%; nursery with height of 1.8m covered by straw of native coconut; plastic greenhouse with height of 4.0m covered by zenith opened and thermal shade net under the roof, and nursery with height of 3.5m covered by shade net with black monofilament of 50% shading rate. Five commercial organic compound named ORGANOSUPER (R) (made of residues of cold storage room, sugar cane bagass, fruits, vegetables, and cereals) contents of 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28%, mixed with soil. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized split-plot scheme, with ten replications. In the greenhouse with height of 2.5 m there were the highest accumulation of dry biomass in papaya with substrates containing 0, 7 and 14% Organosuper (R); the greenhouse with height of 4.0 m, and zenith opening, screen under thermo-reflective film, showed the largest plants, with larger leaves for substrates with 7 and 14% Organosuper (R); 50 days after sowing the substrates 7, 14 and 21% favored the development of plants, higher number leaves and fresh and dry biomass. The substrates with over 21% and without organic compound were improper for development of the papaya seedling.311415

Química ambiental. Vino viejo en odres nuevos. Vino nuevo en odres viejos

Culture environments, trays and doses of organic compost were evaluated in the formation of cucumber seedlings (Cucumis sativus L.). Five environmental conditions were tested: (A1) a greenhouse with height of 2.5 m, covered with polyethylene film, (A2) nursery with height of 2.5 m, monofilament fabric, 50% shading, (A3) nursery with height of 2.5 m, heat-reflective screen, 50% shading, (A4) nursery with a height of 1.8 m, covered with coconut tree straw and (A5) greenhouse with height of 4.0 m, covered with polyethylene film, with zenith opening and thermoreflective cloth under the plastic. Trays of 72 (R1) and 128 (R2) cells were filled with 93% soil and 7% organic compound (S1), 86% soil and 14% organic compound (S2) and 79% soil and 21% organic compound (S3). It was used a randomized design in split-split-plot scheme, with five replicates (environments x trays x substrates). The greenhouses provide the best environments for the formation of cucumber seedlings. A tray of 72 cells is the best container, promoting more vigorous seedlings in substrate with soil and 7 or 14% organic compound.32222623

Rationale and design of the Kidney Precision Medicine Project

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are common, heterogeneous, and morbid diseases. Mechanistic characterization of CKD and AKI in patients may facilitate a precision-medicine approach to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The Kidney Precision Medicine Project aims to ethically and safely obtain kidney biopsies from participants with CKD or AKI, create a reference kidney atlas, and characterize disease subgroups to stratify patients based on molecular features of disease, clinical characteristics, and associated outcomes. An additional aim is to identify critical cells, pathways, and targets for novel therapies and preventive strategies. This project is a multicenter prospective cohort study of adults with CKD or AKI who undergo a protocol kidney biopsy for research purposes. This investigation focuses on kidney diseases that are most prevalent and therefore substantially burden the public health, including CKD attributed to diabetes or hypertension and AKI attributed to ischemic and toxic injuries. Reference kidney tissues (for example, living-donor kidney biopsies) will also be evaluated. Traditional and digital pathology will be combined with transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analysis of the kidney tissue as well as deep clinical phenotyping for supervised and unsupervised subgroup analysis and systems biology analysis. Participants will be followed prospectively for 10 years to ascertain clinical outcomes. Cell types, locations, and functions will be characterized in health and disease in an open, searchable, online kidney tissue atlas. All data from the Kidney Precision Medicine Project will be made readily available for broad use by scientists, clinicians, and patients