El Encaje, los Flujos de Capitales y el Gasto: Una Evaluación empírica

The rapid expansion of private-sector expenditure in the 1990s was accompanied by a massive and increasing foreign capital inflow. A tight economic policy, characterized by high interest rates, was implemented in order to contain the private expenditure growth. As a way of reconciling high interest rates with increasing international financial integration, a reserve requirement on capital inflows was applied. The paper shows that private spending responds to the volume of capital inflows, and that these, in turn, respond significantly to the reserve requirement. We obtain that the effect of monetary policy on domestic spending is weakened by capital inflows when the exchange rate is not free to fluctuate in response to changes in interest rates. The reserve requirement can be used to avoid this weakening, by compensating the effects on capital inflows produced by interest rate spreads. The results also show that if the reserve requirement had been eliminated, capital inflows would have grown significantly and the excess domestic demand situation of 1997 would have been aggravated. A more effective strategy for controlling private expenditure would have needed a higher reserve requirement and an even tighter monetary policy, or else a counter-cyclical fiscal policy that would have increased public saving in periods of private expenditure expansion.

Application of the composite maps method for landslide susceptibility assessment and its potential use for other natural risk analyses

Composite maps have previously been applied to paleogeographic reconstructions and as an aid to mineral exploration. However, because they can combine different criteria that are used in risk and feasibility assessment into a single map with equal or weighted input from all the parameters, decisionmaking can be optimized. The methodology is particularly suitable for the evaluation of landslide hazard and susceptibility assessment, as it can combine the unfavourable factors typically associated with mountainous terrains. Composite maps also have the potential to standardize prediction and prevention criteria for different areas. The methodology is described together with an hypothetical example and a real case study in Patagonia, the results of which are compared with a susceptibility analysis of the same area using stochastic method

Cicerón y el accionista controlante

Fil: Le Pera, Sergio. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Derecho. Cátedra Derecho Comercial. Buenos Aires, Argentin

High-resolution large-eddy simulations of simplified urban flows

High-fidelity large-eddy simulations of the flow around two rectangular obstacles are carried out at a Reynolds number of 10,000 based on the free-stream velocity and the obstacle height. The incoming flow is a developed turbulent boundary layer. Mean-velocity components, turbulence fluctuations, and the terms of the turbulent-kinetic-energy budget are analyzed for three flow regimes: skimming flow, wake interference, and isolated roughness. Three regions are identified where the flow undergoes the most significant changes: the first obstacle's wake, the region in front of the second obstacle, and that around the second obstacle. In the skimming-flow case, turbulence activity in the cavity between the obstacles is limited and mainly occurs in a small region in front of the second obstacle. In the wake-interference case, there is a strong interaction between the free-stream flow that penetrates the cavity and the wake of the first obstacle. This interaction results in more intense turbulent fluctuations between the obstacles. In the isolated-roughness case, the wake of the first obstacle is in good agreement with that of an isolated obstacle. Separation bubbles with strong turbulent fluctuations appear around the second obstacle

High-resolution simulations of a turbulent boundary layer impacting two obstacles in tandem

High-fidelity large-eddy simulations of the flow around two rectangular obstacles are carried out at a Reynolds number of 10 000 based on the freestream velocity and the obstacle height. The incoming flow is a developed turbulent boundary layer. Mean-velocity components, turbulence fluctuations, and the terms of the turbulent-kinetic-energy budget are analyzed for three flow regimes: skimming flow, wake interference, and isolated roughness. Three regions are identified where the flow undergoes the most significant changes: the first obstacle's wake, the region in front of the second obstacle, and the region around the second obstacle. In the skimming-flow case, turbulence activity in the cavity between the obstacles is limited and mainly occurs in a small region in front of the second obstacle. In the wake-interference case, there is a strong interaction between the freestream flow that penetrates the cavity and the wake of the first obstacle. This interaction results in more intense turbulent fluctuations between the obstacles. In the isolated-roughness case, the wake of the first obstacle is in good agreement with that of an isolated obstacle. Separation bubbles with strong turbulent fluctuations appear around the second obstacle

Empresa envasadora de pulpas de frutas.

Tesis (Ingeniero Industrial)INTRODUCCIÓN: En este capitulo se dará a conocer la información sobre el proyecto de una "Empresa envasadora de pulpa de frutas" como son el Maracuyá y el Mango específicamente. Se eligió este tipo de empresas destinada al envasado de pulpa de frutas tropicales debido a la Falta de empresas destinadas a la agroindustria en la XV región de Arica y Parinacota observando así un nicho de mercado muy interesante. Este estudio nos dará a conocer las necesidades fundamentales para la iniciación e implementación de este tipo de empresas. En una primera parte encontraremos toda la información relacionada con las maquinarias, lugar físico para la instalación de esta planta, materias primas (las cuales serán exportadas desde ecuador), costos asociado a dichas necesidades y la distribución de dicha planta. En una segunda parte conoceremos a través de una encuesta la re_al demanda de estos productos lo cual se vera reflejado en el análisis respectivo, este análisis reflejara las verdaderas ventajas y desventajas que encontraremos en el mercado para la venta y distribución de las pulpas de frutas