Стратегічне планування як основний інструмент ефективності підприємства

Наук. кер.: А.Ю. Жулавськи

The SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics' resources: focus on curated databases

The SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (www.isb-sib.ch) provides world-class bioinformatics databases, software tools, services and training to the international life science community in academia and industry. These solutions allow life scientists to turn the exponentially growing amount of data into knowledge. Here, we provide an overview of SIB's resources and competence areas, with a strong focus on curated databases and SIB's most popular and widely used resources. In particular, SIB's Bioinformatics resource portal ExPASy features over 150 resources, including UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ENZYME, PROSITE, neXtProt, STRING, UniCarbKB, SugarBindDB, SwissRegulon, EPD, arrayMap, Bgee, SWISS-MODEL Repository, OMA, OrthoDB and other databases, which are briefly described in this article

CARACTERISATION MOLECULAIRE ET FONCTIONNELLE DE RECEPTEURS MEMBRANAIRES CHEZ ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA PRESENTANT DES ANALOGIES AVEC LES INTEGRINES

TOULOUSE3-BU Sciences (315552104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Comparative pathogenicity of sexual and asexual spores of Zymoseptoria tritici (septoria tritici blotch) on wheat leaves.

Zymoseptoria tritici ascospores and pycnidiospores are considered the main forms of primary and secondary inoculum, respectively, in septoria tritici blotch epidemics. The pathogenicity of the two types of spores of the same genotypic origin were compared through a two-stage inoculation procedure in controlled conditions. Adult wheat leaves were inoculated with ascospores collected from field sources, yielding 119 lesions; pycnidiospores collected from 12 lesions resulting from these ascospore infections were then used for inoculation. Lesion development was assessed for 5 weeks; latent period, lesion size, and pycnidium density were estimated for different isolates. The latent period was calculated as the maximum likely time elapsed between inoculation and either the appearance of the majority of the sporulating lesions (leaf scale) or the appearance of the first pycnidia (lesion scale). The latent period was significantly longer ( c. 60 degree-days, i.e. 3-4 days) after infection with ascospores than with pycnidiospores. No difference was established for lesion size and density of pycnidia. A comparison with other ascomycete fungi suggested that the difference in latent period might be related to the volume of spores and their ability to cause infection. Fungal growth before the appearance of lesions may be slower after inoculation with an ascospore than with a pycnidiospore. The mean latent period during the very beginning of epidemics, when first lesions are mainly caused by ascospores, may be longer than during spring, when secondary infections are caused by pycnidiospores. Disease models would be improved if these differences were considered

R-Syst Champignon : un réseau pour l'identification et la taxonomie des champignons

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A strategy for designing multi-taxa specific reference gene systems. Example of application ppi phosphofructokinase (ppi-PPF) used for the detection and quantification of three taxa: maize (Zea mays), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and rice (Orysa sativa)

International audienc

Impact of a resistance gene against a fungal pathogen on the plant host residue microbiome: the case of the Leptosphaeria maculans-Brassica napus pathosystem

Oilseed rape residues are a crucial determinant of stem canker epidemiology, as they support the sexual reproduction of the fungal pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans. The aim of this study was to characterise the impact of a resistance gene against L. maculans infection on residue microbial communities and to identify micro-organisms interacting with this pathogen during residue degradation. We used near-isogenic lines to obtain healthy and infected host plants. The microbiome associated with the two types of plant residues was characterised by metabarcoding. A combination of linear discriminant analysis and ecological network analysis was used to compare the microbial communities and to identify micro-organisms interacting with L. maculans. Fungal community structure differed between the two lines at harvest, but not subsequently, suggesting that the presence/absence of the resistance gene influences the microbiome at the base of the stem whilst the plant is alive, but that this does not necessarily lead to differential colonisation of the residues by fungi. Direct interactions with other members of the community involved many fungal and bacterial ASVs (amplicon sequence variants). L. maculans appeared to play a minor role in networks, whereas one ASV affiliated to Plenodomus biglobosus (synonym Leptosphaeria biglobosa) from the Leptosphaeria species complex was considered a keystone taxon in the networks at harvest. This approach could be used to identify and promote micro-organisms with beneficial effects against residue-borne pathogens, and more broadly, to decipher the complex interactions between multi-species pathosystems and other microbial components in crop residues

Validation of a Real-time PCR On-Site Quantification Method for MON810 Maize

A rapid on-, or near-site, quantitative method for use as a pre-harvest predictive decision tool for adventitious genetically modified (GM) presence (AGMP) has been developed. Based on a laboratory-based protocol for real-time (RT) quantification of the MON810 GM event in maize kernels, the duplex RT polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was constructed around the portable Cepheid SmartCyclerII platform, requiring only modest support infrastructure for field application. Pre-validation through an international ring trial showed good compliance with minimum assay performance requirements as defined by the European Network of GMO Laboratories (RSDr = 18.5%; RSDR = 32.8; Bias = 26.7%).JRC.J.5-Agriculture and Life Sciences in the Econom