2 research outputs found
沒有年齡的課室 : 成效評估研究報告
- Publication venue
- Digital Commons @ Lingnan University
- Publication date
- 01/01/2024
- Field of study
背景
香港人口老齡化的趨勢持續加劇,傳統的家庭照顧模式已難以滿足老年人和幼童在身心發展上的需求,需要探索新的跨代互助模式。因此,和悅社會企業於2023 年夏季舉辦了一項名為「沒有年齡的課室」的計劃(以下簡稱「計劃」/「課程」)。該課程旨在為長者及幼童提供共學的機會,推動跨代連結與互惠。為了更客觀地檢視「沒有年齡的課室」的實施情況與成效,以及探討在香港推行跨代共學的可行性,和悅社會企業委託嶺南大學亞太老年學研究中心對該課程進行了評估研究,並撰寫了此報告以供相關持分者參考。
研究方法
2. 研究採用定量研究及定性研究的數據收集和分析的混合研究法 (Mixed Methods) 進行。除了透過問卷調查和聚焦小組去收集參加者對課程的看法外,同時分析課程的數據、進行實地觀察,以及檢視相關文獻資料,從而更全面地瞭解整個課程的實施情況、對參與者的影響,以及探討計劃未來的發展方向。
研究結果
3. 本研究於2023年6月至9月期間成功對實驗組及對照組參加者進行了兩輪問卷調查,收集參加者的意見。調查結果顯示,長者及幼童的家長讓他們的孩子參與計劃的最主要原因是為了「想學習新知識 」(長者學員:72%;幼童:73%),其次為「進行跨代接觸交流」 (長者學員:60%;幼童家長:54%),第三個主要原因是可以「嘗試新事物」(長者學員:40%;幼童:54%),以及可以「認識新朋友」 (長者學員:36%;幼童家長:50%)。至於計劃對參加者的影響方面,本研究透過比較實驗組 (即參加「沒有年齡的課室」的長者及幼童學員) 與對照組 (即課程無長幼共學成份)參加者在對雙方態度、自尊心及自信、社交技巧等方面的前後變化。從分析結果顯示,長幼學員在修畢本課程後,對彼此的態度 (長者學員對幼童態度:實驗組增長17%,對照組下降1%;幼童學員對長者態度:實驗組增長19%,對照組增長7%) 及幼童學員的社交技巧 (實驗組增長9%,對照組增長1%) 之增長達統計學顯著程度,足見本課程成功透過長幼共學的方式去改善長幼對彼此的觀感和態度。至於對課程的體驗方面,長者學員及幼童學員之家長均給予高度評價和評分,以1-7分為量表去評價,參加者普遍對課程感到十分滿意 (長者學員:平均分為6.07分;幼童學員:6.29分)、並表示若和悅社會企業日後舉行類似課程會再次參加(長者學員:平均分為5.33分;幼童學員:6.41分) 和向別人推薦此類課程 (長者學員:平均分為5.33分;幼童學員:6.29分)。概括而言,從統計結果反映了課程為參加者帶來很多正面影響,特別是長者或幼童態度之改善比沒有跨代共學成份的課程更為顯著。
4. 此外,本研究邀請了參與課程的長者、幼童家長、和推行「沒有年齡的課室」計劃的同工進行了3 場聚焦小組以深化對問卷調查結果,並進一步探討可如何改善計劃之推行及在社區推廣跨代共學的模式。從結果顯示,長幼學員透過參與本課程互相接觸及互動,增加彼此了解,使彼此的觀感及態度亦變得正面,達到促進跨代共融的目標。同時,幼童的社交技巧、接觸長者的動機及幼童的個人成長亦有所提升。長幼學員、課程導師及項目統籌人員均表示參加者能愉快地學習和十分享受參與本課程。
5. 從不同的的數據作綜合分析,促進「沒有年齡的課室」的成功因素包括: (i) 1對1的長幼配對,增加長幼學員之互動機會以便建立互信關係以及日後的情感聯繫; (ii) 課程時間節數安排要配合幼童的學習時間表 (如與暑假活動分開、每堂時數能讓幼童學員專心等) ;及 (iii) 招募適合的參加者,以其年齡、興趣喜好及性別進行配對 (如女性參加者明顯更為適合參與此類以幼童為對象的活動計劃)。
6. 關於課程的未來發展,研究建議推行機構可考慮以下5 個要點:(i) 除以1對1長幼配對外,亦可考慮同時加入1位長者對數名幼童,或1名幼童對數名長者的混合模式,這樣可以增加長幼學員與不同參加者的互動機會,進一步培養社交技巧;(ii) 可增加針對長者學員的課程內容 ,讓長者以學生身份投入各個課程活動;(iii) 讓一些能力比較高的長者參與課程設計及教材 (如讓長者準備自己過去相片與幼童分享過去時代點滴生活),為長者充權;(iv) 微調課堂時間以配合長者的活動時間表 (如可參考現時日間長者中心的活動時間);及 (v) 增加人手安排編制至5至8人,以便在推行活動過程中提供適時的支援 (如增設社工以應付課堂上幼童學員突發的情緒問題)。
總結
7. 綜合各種數數據證明「沒有年齡的課室」有效促進跨代共學與互助,為長者建立正面形象、提升他們的生活質素、亦能令幼童認識如何與長者溝通,改善社交技巧以及提升自尊感等。因此,其他長者服務機構、企業及教育團體可以仿傚此活動,在幼稚園 (即幼兒期) 便引入跨代共學的元素,促進代際間情感、知識與文化的傳遞,重塑「老吾老以及人之老,幼吾幼以及人之幼」的價值觀,建立一個強調代間互助和共融的社會
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- News Watch
- Ng Franklin
- Ng Roxanna
- Nguyen
- Nguyen Beatrice
- Nguyen Hoang T
- Nguyen L.
- Nguyen-Carrington U.
- Ning Ana Margarida
- Nogle June Marie
- Nomura Gail M
- Nordyke Eleanor C
- Norindr Panivong
- Nye Malory
- Ogbu John U
- Oh Angela E
- Okamura Jonathan Y
- Okihiro Gary Y
- Okita Yukuji
- Okocha Aneneosa A. G.
- Okubo Derek
- Olmos David R
- Olsen Laurie
- Omatsu Glenn
- Ong Aihwa
- Ong Paul
- Ong Paul
- Orfield Gary
- Oxfeld Ellen
- Padilla Amado M
- Padilla Stephanie Sue
- Paige Glenn D
- Paik Felicia
- Pais A. J.
- Paiva Carlos
- Palumbo-Liu David
- Pandorf Aiko
- Pandya Andy
- Pang Keum Young
- Parekh Bhikhu
- Park C. B.
- Parliman Gregory C
- Patterson Kaeo
- Pau
- Pearl City Public Library
- Pecoraro Diane
- Pedraza S.
- Peer Consultafionand Training Project
- Pellerin Helene
- Peng S. S.
- Perea Juan F
- Pereyra Lillian A
- Peters Gayle
- Pfeffer Max J
- Pfeifer Mark
- Pham Thien Kim
- Phan Chanh Cong
- Phillips Andrew
- Phomthavong Andrew
- Pinderhughes Howard
- Pinhey Thomas K
- Pinsky Mark I
- Plane D. A.
- Planting Seeds Coalition
- Ponchillia S. V.
- Portes Alejandro
- Portes Alejandro
- Portes Alejandro
- Posadas Barbara M
- Poston D. L. Jr.
- Poston Dudley L. Jr.
- Pruden George B. Jr.
- Pyun Wade
- Qui Du
- Quick Abdullah Hakim
- Quimpo Susan F
- Quon Ethel
- Quraeshi N. M.
- Race Relations
- Rachleff Peter
- Rafiq Fauzia
- Ramirez Albert
- Ranard Donald A
- Rankin H.
- Rayson Ann
- Reed Ishmael
- Reeves Jane
- Remy L. A.
- Rendon Mario
- Renwick Lucille
- Rev
- Reville Linda A
- Reynolds Larry
- Rezentes William C
- Riccardi Nicholas
- Richards Marty
- Richardson Henry J
- Ridley Charles R
- Ridley Charles R
- Riksha
- Rios Richard
- Roberts Julian Markuson
- Robinson Reginald Leamon
- Roe So Yun
- Roediger David
- Rogler Lloyd H
- Rohter Ira
- Roque Julia A
- Rose Peter I
- Rosenblatt Abram
- Rosenwaike Ira
- Ross James R
- Rothman E. S.
- Rowe Wayne
- Rubin Lillian B
- Rue D. S.
- Running-Grass
- Rush Randall Allen
- Russell James W
- Russell Katheryn K
- Sack William H
- Saenz Rogelio
- Sahaka Siksa Kaun Khmer
- Saika Peggy
- Sakurai Patricia A
- Salee Daniel
- Samad A. Asadullah.
- San Francisco
- San Juan E. Jr.
- San Juan E. Jr.
- San Juan E. Jr.
- San Juan E. Jr.
- Sanjek Roger
- Sant-Wade Arvindra
- Santos Bienvenido
- Sardar Zia
- Sasao Toshiaki
- Sasao Toshiaki
- Sasao Toshiaki
- Sato Gayle K
- Satzewich Vic
- Sawyers J. E.
- Schachter Hindy Lauer
- Schaefer Donald D
- Schaeffer P. V.
- Scheinfeld
- Scheinfeld D. R.
- Schmitt Carl M
- Schoenberger Karl
- Schoenberger Karl
- Schorr Alan Edward
- Schram Tom
- Schwartz
- Scott
- Seattle
- Seattle Chinese Yellow Pages
- Selected Bibliography
- Sensitivity
- Serran Tony
- Serxner Seth
- Sev'er Aysan
- Sexton
- Sexton Ken
- Sexton Ken
- Shaffer Donald R
- Shaffer Gwen
- Shah N.
- Shah Nasra M
- Shahani Roshan G
- Sharma R. N.
- Shepherd Verene
- Shimabukuro Bob
- Shimizu Yon
- Shin Kyung Rim
- Shintani
- Shusterman Carl
- Siler Julia Flynn
- Silvera Makeda
- Silverman Arnold R
- Sim Shao Chee
- Simba Malik
- Simmons Alan B
- Simon Julian L
- Simon Rita J
- Simon Rita J
- Singh G. K.
- Siu Sau-Fong
- Skeldon Ronald
- Sleeper Jim
- Smith
- Smith C. Calvin.
- Smith Sharon
- Smith Z. A.
- Smith-Hefner N. J.
- Snedeker David M
- Sodowsky Gargi Roysircar
- Sohn L. B.
- Solberg V. Scott
- Song Cathy
- Song John
- Sovereignty
- Sowell Thomas
- Sparrow Kathleen
- Spickard Paul
- Spring Joel
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- St. Raphael's Parish
- Stanfield J. H.
- Sterett Susan
- Steven AmericanJihad
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- Stokes John F. G.
- Stoos
- Straubhaar T.
- Strobel Leny Mendoza
- Strober S. B.
- Strona Proserfina A
- Strong James
- Sue Derald Wing
- Sue Stanley
- Suh D.
- Sullivan Cheryl Lynn
- Sumida Marshall M
- Suryaraman Maya
- Sussman Marvin B
- Takagi Dana
- Takaki Ronald
- Takayama Robynn
- Tallapragada Sridhar
- Tam Wendy
- Tamura Linda
- Tan D. L.
- Tan Mickey
- Tang Deanna L
- Tang Wendy
- Tarone Elaine
- Tarver J. D.
- Tata Shiraz Piroshaw
- Tatum Beverly Daniel
- Taufer Alison
- Taylor Lawrence Douglas H
- TDR
- Tehranian Katharine
- Tehranian Majid
- The Filipino Directory
- The Peoples Multicultural Almanac
- the United States
- The Western Massachusetts Vietnamese Association Directory (Springfield Massachusetts
- Thobani Sunera
- Tien Liang
- Tirrito Terry
- Tobin Jeffrey
- Tohmatsu Akiko Judith
- Tong Benson
- Totten George O
- Townley Annette
- Tran Qui-Phiet
- Tran Thanh V
- Trask Haunani-Kay
- Trask Mililani
- Trevison Catherine
- Truong Monique
- Tsang Daniel C
- Tseng Yen-Fen
- Tsuchida John Nobuya
- Turner Marlene
- Tuttle C. R.
- Tworkov Helen
- U.S. Department of State
- Uba Laura
- Ueda Reed
- Uehara Edwina S
- Ueki Teruyo
- Uno Roberta
- Van Arsdale Peter W
- Van Esterik Penny
- Van Steenberg Carol
- Vander Kathryn
- Vapiwala Neha
- Vargas Luis A
- Vecoli Rudolph J
- Vera Arleen
- Veugelers John W. P.
- Vietnamese Consumers
- Villalba
- Volpp Leti
- Wake Barbara
- Waldinger Roger
- Waldinger Roger
- Waldinger Roger
- Wallace Patricia
- Walter Pierre
- Walz Eric
- Wang
- Wang Gungwu
- Wang Linna
- Wang Ping
- Wang Quingjia Edward
- Wang V.
- Wang Y .
- War
- Ward Bud
- Warren Jenifer
- Wassem
- Waters Hazel
- Watkins Keith
- Waugh Earle H
- Wax Murray L
- We
- Weatherspoon A. J.
- Webb T. D.
- Webb T. D.
- Weightman Barbara A
- Wendt Albert
- Westermeyer Joseph
- Wetherell
- Whang Patricia A
- Wharry C.
- Whistler W. Arthur.
- White Michael J
- White-Parks Annette
- Whiteley Marilyn Fardig
- Wial Howard
- Wiecha John M
- Wiesendanger B.
- Wilgoren Jodi
- Wilkinson Alec
- Willard Walter
- Williams Teresa Kay
- Winant Howard
- Winland Daphne N
- Winn Nancy Nishimura
- Wolf Eric R
- Wong Cynthia
- Wong Deborah
- Wong Gil
- Wong L. Mun.
- Wong William
- Wong-Liane Eirene Ming
- Woo Alan H
- Woods Nancy Fugate
- Workplace
- Wright Debbie Hippolite
- Wright Robert E
- Wu Edna
- Wu Jenai
- Wu T. C.
- Xiong Phua
- Ya Va Thai
- Yamamoto Hisaye
- Yamamoto Joe
- Yamamoto Yasushi
- Yamanaka Keiko
- Yamanaka Lois-Ann
- Yamashita Kanshi Stanley
- Yamato Alexander
- Yamauchi Wakako
- Yan Wenfan
- Yang Dao
- Yang Jeff
- Yang P.
- Yang Pai
- Yang Philip Q
- Yang Philip Q
- Yang Xiaoyun
- Yasmin Marziya
- Yau Jenny
- Ye Weili
- Yee A. H.
- Yee Marsha W
- Yeh May
- Yeh May
- Yep G. A.
- Yep Kathy
- Yi Jenny Kisuk
- Ying Yu-Wen
- Yinger J. Milton.
- Yong Fung L
- Yoon In-Jin
- Yoshida Ryo
- Young Wanda
- Yu Diana
- Yu Eui-Young
- Yu M. C.
- Zackrison James Willard
- Zaharlick Amy
- Zane Nolan
- Zane Nolan
- Zane Nolan
- Zhou Min
- Ziegler R. G.
- Zlotkin Hania
- Zuvekas Ann
- Publication venue
- 'UCLA American Indian Studies Center'
- Publication date
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