Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Masyarakat Mengunjungi Fasilitas Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut

Faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah faktor sosio-ekonomi. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Metode Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif untuk menyajikan gambaran lengkap mengenai kehidupan sosial masyarakat yang berkenan dengan masalah yang akan diteliti dengan sampel 105 orang. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan cara mengirimkan kuesioner melalui media sosial Whatsapp. Hasil Responden yang mengsisi kuesioner pada penelitian ini sebanyak 105. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat yang mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut didominasi oleh perempuan (71,4%), usia 20-60 tahun (52,3%), status pekerjaan PNS (36,1,%), dengan pendidikan terakhir S1 (34,2%), dan berpenghasilan dibawah tiga juta rupiah (50,4%). Faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat tidak mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah faktor sosio-ekonomi (57,5%) dan faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat sering mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah sikap ramah dan sopan (90%). Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian yaitu faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut secara rutin adalah faktor sosio-ekonomi. Saran dari penelitian bagi petugas kesehatan yaitu mempromosikan kepada masyarakat mengenai penggunaan BPJS untuk pengobatan penyakit gigi dan mulut serta saran bagi masyarakat yaitu berkunjung ke fasilitas kesehatan gigi selama 6 bulan sekali.Faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah faktor sosio-ekonomi. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Metode Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif untuk menyajikan gambaran lengkap mengenai kehidupan sosial masyarakat yang berkenan dengan masalah yang akan diteliti dengan sampel 105 orang. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan cara mengirimkan kuesioner melalui media sosial Whatsapp. Hasil Responden yang mengsisi kuesioner pada penelitian ini sebanyak 105. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat yang mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut didominasi oleh perempuan (71,4%), usia 20-60 tahun (52,3%), status pekerjaan PNS (36,1,%), dengan pendidikan terakhir S1 (34,2%), dan berpenghasilan dibawah tiga juta rupiah (50,4%). Faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat tidak mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah faktor sosio-ekonomi (57,5%) dan faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat sering mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah sikap ramah dan sopan (90%). Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian yaitu faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut secara rutin adalah faktor sosio-ekonomi. Saran dari penelitian bagi petugas kesehatan yaitu mempromosikan kepada masyarakat mengenai penggunaan BPJS untuk pengobatan penyakit gigi dan mulut serta saran bagi masyarakat yaitu berkunjung ke fasilitas kesehatan gigi selama 6 bulan sekali

Response to ‘A well-established fact: Rapid mineralization of organic inputs is an important factor for soil carbon sequestration’ by Angers et al.

Letter to the edito

Examining the use of process evaluations of randomised controlled trials of complex interventions addressing chronic disease in primary health care-a systematic review protocol

© 2016 The Author(s). Background: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of complex interventions in primary health care (PHC) are needed to provide evidence-based programmes to achieve the Declaration of Alma Ata goal of making PHC equitable, accessible and universal and to effectively address the rising burden from chronic disease. Process evaluations of these RCTs can provide insight into the causal mechanisms of complex interventions, the contextual factors, and inform as to whether an intervention is ineffective due to implementation failure or failure of the intervention itself. To build on this emerging body of work, we aim to consolidate the methodology and methods from process evaluations of complex interventions in PHC and their findings of facilitators and barriers to intervention implementation in this important area of health service delivery. Methods: Systematic review of process evaluations of randomised controlled trials of complex interventions which address prevalent major chronic diseases in PHC settings. Published process evaluations of RCTs will be identified through database and clinical trial registry searches and contact with authors. Data from each study will be extracted by two reviewers using standardised forms. Data extracted include descriptive items about (1) the RCT, (2) about the process evaluations (such as methods, theories, risk of bias, analysis of process and outcome data, strengths and limitations) and (3) any stated barriers and facilitators to conducting complex interventions. A narrative synthesis of the findings will be presented. Discussion: Process evaluation findings are valuable in determining whether a complex intervention should be scaled up or modified for other contexts. Publishing this protocol serves to encourage transparency in the reporting of our synthesis of current literature on how process evaluations have been conducted thus far and a deeper understanding of potential challenges and solutions to aid in the implementation of effective interventions in PHC beyond the research setting. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42016035572

A Generalization of the Convex Kakeya Problem

Given a set of line segments in the plane, not necessarily finite, what is a convex region of smallest area that contains a translate of each input segment? This question can be seen as a generalization of Kakeya's problem of finding a convex region of smallest area such that a needle can be rotated through 360 degrees within this region. We show that there is always an optimal region that is a triangle, and we give an optimal \Theta(n log n)-time algorithm to compute such a triangle for a given set of n segments. We also show that, if the goal is to minimize the perimeter of the region instead of its area, then placing the segments with their midpoint at the origin and taking their convex hull results in an optimal solution. Finally, we show that for any compact convex figure G, the smallest enclosing disk of G is a smallest-perimeter region containing a translate of every rotated copy of G.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figure

Implementing Kanyini GAP, a pragmatic randomised controlled trial in Australia: Findings from a qualitative study

© 2015 Liu et al. Background: Pragmatic randomised controlled trials (PRCTs) aim to assess intervention effectiveness by accounting for 'real life' implementation challenges in routine practice. The methodological challenges of PRCT implementation, particularly in primary care, are not well understood. The Kanyini Guidelines Adherence to Polypill study (Kanyini GAP) was a recent primary care PRCT involving multiple private general practices, Indigenous community controlled health services and private community pharmacies. Through the experiences of Kanyini GAP participants, and using data from study materials, this paper identifies the critical enablers and barriers to implementing a PRCT across diverse practice settings and makes recommendations for future PRCT implementation. Methods: Qualitative data from 94 semi-structured interviews (47 healthcare providers (pharmacists, general practitioners, Aboriginal health workers; 47 patients) conducted for the process evaluation of Kanyini GAP was used. Data coded to 'trial impact', 'research motivation' and 'real world' were explored and triangulated with data extracted from study materials (e.g. Emails, memoranda of understanding and financial statements). Results: PRCT implementation was facilitated by an extensive process of relationship building at the trial outset including building on existing relationships between core investigators and service providers. Health providers' and participants' altruism, increased professional satisfaction, collaboration, research capacity and opportunities for improved patient care enabled implementation. Inadequate research infrastructure, excessive administrative demands, insufficient numbers of adequately trained staff and the potential financial impact on private practice were considered implementation barriers. These were largely related to this being the first experience of trial involvement for many sites. The significant costs of addressing these barriers drew study resources from the task of achieving recruitment targets. Conclusions: Conducting PRCTs is crucial to generating credible evidence of intervention effectiveness in routine practice. PRCT implementation needs to account for the particular challenges of implementing collaborative research across diverse stakeholder organisations. Reliance on goodwill to participate is crucial at the outset. However, participation costs, particularly for organisations with little or no research experience, can be substantial and should be factored into PRCT funding models. Investment in a pool to fund infrastructure in the form of primary health research networks will offset some of these costs, enabling future studies to be implemented more cost-effectively. Trial registration:ACTRN12608000583334

Jus Tomat Meningkatkan Kepadatan Tulang Tikus Menopause (TOMATO JUICE INCREASE BONE DENSITY OF MENOPAUSE RATS)

Osteoporosis in postmenopausal women happened due to estrogen deficiency which leads imbalancebone-formation and bone-resorption process. Recently, phytoestrogen as an alternative hormon replacement therapy in postmenopausal women could overcome estrogen deficiency. The objectives of this study was toevaluate the effect of tomato juice administration and combination of physical exercise on bone density inestrogen deficiency condition. Twenty eight postovarectomy female rats (Rattus novergicus) were randomized into four experiment groups : the controlled group (2 mL aquades administration); the exercised group(swimming for 30 minutes, three times in one week), the tomato juice administration every day (44 mg/200g body weight), and the combination exercise and tomato juice administration. Four weeks after treatmentthe samples were collected from os femure for morphological examination. The intervention groups showeda significant difference in bone density with the control group (p<0.05). Bone density highest on the tomatojuice administration group. There is significant difference bone density between tomato juice administration group and the combination group (p<0.05), but no significant difference between physical exercise group and the combination group. Tomato juice showed an increasing bone density on estrogen deficiencycondition and the combination group have the same effect with the exercised group

Strichartz estimates on Schwarzschild black hole backgrounds

We study dispersive properties for the wave equation in the Schwarzschild space-time. The first result we obtain is a local energy estimate. This is then used, following the spirit of earlier work of Metcalfe-Tataru, in order to establish global-in-time Strichartz estimates. A considerable part of the paper is devoted to a precise analysis of solutions near the trapping region, namely the photon sphere.Comment: 44 pages; typos fixed, minor modifications in several place