Intera??o dos fatores do p?/tornozelo e do quadril com les?es musculares em jogadores de futebol juvenil

O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - C?digo de Financiamento 001.Introdu??o: Dentre os fatores de risco associados a les?es musculares, les?o muscular pr?via tem sido um dos fatores de risco mais importante. A identifica??o de d?ficits funcionais remanescentes de uma les?o pr?via durante a avalia??o pr?-temporada pode auxiliar na implementa??o de medidas preventivas mais espec?ficas e diminuir o risco de les?es subsequentes. Objetivo: Identificar e explorar retrospectivamente as intera??es entre fatores musculoesquel?ticos do quadril e p?/tornozelo associados ? ocorr?ncia de les?es musculares em atletas de futebol juvenil antes e ap?s a avalia??o pr?-temporada. M?todos: Um estudo de coorte retrospectivo foi conduzido baseado em um banco de dados de medidas cl?nicas realizadas durante a avalia??o pr?-temporada e registro de les?es musculares pr?vias e futuras les?es musculares de 86 atletas de futebol juvenil. A avalia??o pr?-temporada incluiu os seguintes testes: alinhamento perna-antep? (APA), ADM passiva de RM do quadril, flexibilidade dos isquiotibiais (FI), ADM de dorsiflex?o do tornozelo (WBLT), fun??o dos extensores do quadril (FEQ) e modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT). A an?lise estat?stica foi realizada atrav?s da ?rvore de Classifica??o e Regress?o. A ?rea sob a curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) foi calculada para verificar a precis?o dos modelos e por fim a raz?o de preval?ncia e o risco relativo foram calculados para cada nodo terminal. Resultados: A intera??o entre categoria do time, mSEBT, flexibilidade dos isquiotibiais, WBLT e fun??o dos extensores do quadril identificou atletas com les?o muscular pr?via antes da avalia??o pr?-temporada. Para futuras les?es musculares, a intera??o entre flexibilidade dos isquiotibiais, mSEBT e ADM passiva de RM do quadril identificou atletas com les?o muscular ap?s a avalia??o pr?-temporada. Os modelos alcan?aram 100% e 90% de sensibilidade e 69,6% e 51% de especificidade, respectivamente. A ?rea sob a curva ROC para os modelos foi de 0,88 (IC de 95%: 0,81, 0,95; p< 0,001) e 0,80 (IC de 95%: 0,70, 0,90; p < 0,001, respectivamente. Conclus?o: Diferentes intera??es e pontos de corte entre a flexibilidade dos isquiotibiais, o mSEBT e outras vari?veis foram associadas ? ocorr?ncia de les?es musculares antes e ap?s as avalia??es da pr?-temporada. Durante a temporada de treinamentos e jogos, ? importante monitorar a flexibilidade dos isquiotibiais e o equilibrio din?mico do membro inferior por meio do mSEBT em atletas masculinos de futebol juvenil.Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Reabilita??o e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2022.Introduction: Among the risk factors associated with muscle injuries, a previous history of muscle injury has been one of the most important. Identifying functional deficits remaining from previous injuries during preseason assessment can assist in implementing more specific preventive measures and decrease the risk of subsequent injuries. Objective: To retrospectively identify and explore the interactions between hip and foot/ankle musculoskeletal factors associated with the occurrence of muscle injuries in youth soccer athletes before and after the preseason assessment. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on a database of clinical measurements taken during the preseason assessment and data on previous muscle injuries and new muscle injuries of 86 youth soccer athletes. The preseason assessment included the following tests: shank-forefoot alignment (SFA), passive hip IR ROM, hamstring flexibility (HF), ankle dorsiflexion ROM (WBLT), Single Leg Hamstring Bridge (SLHB), and modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT). Statistical analysis was performed using the Regression and Classification Tree (CART). The area under the ROC curve (Receiver Operating Characteristics) was calculated to verify the accuracy of the models. Finally, the prevalence ratio and the relative risk were calculated for each terminal node. The models achieved 100% and 90% sensitivity and 69.6% and 51% specificity, respectively. The area under the ROC curve for the models was 0.88 (95% confidence interval: 0.81, 0.95; p < 0.001) and 0.80 (95% confidence interval: 0.70, 0.90; p < 0.001), respectively. Results: The interaction between team category, mSEBT, hamstring flexibility, WBLT, and SLHB identified athletes with muscle injuries before the preseason assessment. For future muscle injuries, the interaction between hamstring flexibility, mSEBT, and passive hip IR ROM identified athletes with muscle injuries after the preseason assessment. Conclusion: Different interactions and cut-off points among hamstring flexibility, the mSEBT, and other variables are associated with the occurrence of muscle injuries before and after preseason assessment?s. During the training and competitions season it is important to monitor hamstring flexibility, the lower limb dynamic balance through mSEBT in youth soccer athletes

Application of Plant Surfactants as Cleaning Agents in Shampoo Formulations

With the increased demand for sustainable, hypoallergenic products, plant surfactants are a promising, eco-friendly option for cleaning products due to their low toxicity or even the absence of toxicity. In the present study, surfactant-rich extracts from Chenopodium quinoa, Glycine max, and Malpighia emarginata were assessed for their stability, antioxidant capacity, toxic potential, and cleaning potential in shampoo formulations. The surfactants in the extracts were isolated and characterized by NMR, UV-Vis, and FTIR spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that the extracts remained stable within the temperature and pH ranges tested. The antioxidant properties were also determined. In the analysis of irritation potential, G. max and C. quinoa exhibited low toxicity and no toxicity, respectively. The cleaning potential analysis confirmed that the extracts could be used as primary surfactants. Seven shampoo formulations were developed, which showed potential to reduce surface tension to the range of 27.1-31.7 mN/m and interfacial tension to the range of 5.4-7.3 mN/m. The wettability, percentage of solids, density, pH, and dirt dispersion of the formulas were within standard ranges, and the sebum removal capacity of the seven formulations was similar to or even better than that of a commercial shampoo

Homeschooling e interés superior del niño

El homeschooling, o enseñanza en casa, se caracteriza por la transmisión de los contenidos educativos y de los valores sociales, morales, ideológicos y religiosos por los padres. Su práctica está aceptada en distintos países aunque encuentre en España resistencias ideológicas. A la ausencia voluntaria de desarrollo legislativo se suma una interpretación jurisprudencial que identifica el cumplimiento del derecho a la educación con la escolarización obligatoria, posicionando a las familias interesadas en su práctica en una situación de ilegalidad. Ante la ausencia de regulación del homeschooling y el crecimiento de su práctica, sus defensores buscan alternativas para su anclaje en el sistema educativo. La aplicación del interés superior del niño al test de proporcionalidad en casos concretos, comparado con los demás argumentos que se sueles presentar, es una vía adecuada para su acogida pues busca armonizar este interés con los fines constitucionales de la educación.Homeschooling is characterized by the transmission of educational content and social, moral, ideological and religious values by parents. Its practice is accepted in different countries although in Spain this practice finds an ideological resistance. A voluntary absence of legislative adds a development jurisprudential interpretation that identifies the fulfillment of the right to education with compulsory schooling, positioning families interested in their practice in an illegal situation. In the absence of homeschooling regulation and the growth of its practice, its proponents seek alternatives for it anchoring in the education system. The application of the best interests of the child to the proportionality test, compared with the other arguments that are usually present, it is an alternative for harmonizing this interests with the e constitutional purposes of education

A multicenter case-control study comparing sun exposure habits and use of photoprotection measures in patients diagnosed with different types of skin cancer

Background: While skin cancer awareness programs have significantly furthered public understanding about the harmful effects of the sun, there is a disparity between photoprotection knowledge and protection practices. Objective: To compare sun exposure habits and photoprotection measures in patients diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma versus controls. Methods: Multicentre case–control observational study carried out by 13 Spanish dermatologists between April 2020 and August 2022. Patients diagnosed with BCC, SCC, or melanoma were considered cases. The control group consisted of individuals with no history of skin cancer. Results: Of the 254 cases (56.2% female; mean age, 62.67 ± 15.65), 119 (31.2%) had BCC, 62 (16.27%) SCC, and 73 (19.1%) melanoma. The control group consisted of 127 (33.33%) individuals. Avoiding sun exposure between 12:00 and 16:00 was the most commonly used photoprotection measure (habitually/always: 63.1%), followed by the use of sunscreen (habitually/always: 58.9%). Patients with melanoma were less likely to use clothing and shade to avoid sun exposure (p  50. No differences were observed in photoprotection measures between people with and without a previous history of skin cancer. Conclusions: We describe differences in photoprotection measures and sun exposure patterns among patients diagnosed with different skin tumor types. Whether these differences may influence the type of tumor each developed will require further investigation

Heterogeneous disease-propagating stem cells in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is a poor-prognosis childhood leukemia usually caused by RAS-pathway mutations. The cellular hierarchy in JMML is poorly characterized, including the identity of leukemia stem cells (LSCs). FACS and single-cell RNA sequencing reveal marked heterogeneity of JMML hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), including an aberrant Lin-CD34+CD38-CD90+CD45RA+ population. Single-cell HSPC index-sorting and clonogenic assays show that (1) all somatic mutations can be backtracked to the phenotypic HSC compartment, with RAS-pathway mutations as a "first hit,"(2) mutations are acquired with both linear and branching patterns of clonal evolution, and (3) mutant HSPCs are present after allogeneic HSC transplant before molecular/clinical evidence of relapse. Stem cell assays reveal interpatient heterogeneity of JMML LSCs, which are present in, but not confined to, the phenotypic HSC compartment. RNA sequencing of JMML LSC reveals upregulation of stem cell and fetal genes (HLF, MEIS1, CNN3, VNN2, and HMGA2) and candidate therapeutic targets/biomarkers (MTOR, SLC2A1, and CD96), paving the way for LSC-directed disease monitoring and therapy in this disease

MHO1, an Evolutionarily Conserved Gene, Is Synthetic Lethal with PLC1; Mho1p Has a Role in Invasive Growth

The novel protein Memo (Mediator of ErbB2 driven cell motility) was identified in a screen for ErbB2 interacting proteins and found to have an essential function in cell motility. Memo is evolutionarily conserved with homologs found in all branches of life; the human and yeast proteins have a similarity of >50%. In the present study we used the model organism S. cerevisiae to characterize the Memo-homologue Mho1 (Yjr008wp) and to investigate its function in yeast. In a synthetic lethal screen we found MHO1 as a novel synthetic lethal partner of PLC1, which encodes the single phospholipase C in yeast. Double-deleted cells lacking MHO1 and PLC1, proliferate for up to ten generations. Introduction of human Memo into the memoΔplc1Δ strain rescued the synthetic lethal phenotype suggesting that yeast and human proteins have similar functions. Mho1 is present in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of yeast cells; the same distribution of Memo was found in mammalian cells. None of the Memo homologues have a characteristic nuclear localization sequence, however, a conserved nuclear export sequence is found in all. In mammalian cells, blocking nuclear export with Leptomycin B led to nuclear Memo accumulation, suggesting that it is actively exported from the nucleus. In yeast MHO1 expression is induced by stress conditions. Since invasive growth in S. cerevisiea is also stress-induced, we tested Mho1's role in this response. MHO1 deletion had no effect on invasion induced by nutrient deprivation, however, Mho1 overexpression blocked the invasive ability of yeast cells, suggesting that Mho1 might be acting in a dominant negative manner. Taken together, our results show that MHO1 is a novel synthetic lethal interactor with PLC1, and that both gene products are required for proliferation. Moreover, a role for Memo in cell motility/invasion appears to be conserved across species

C-reactive protein cut-off for early tocilizumab and dexamethasone prescription in hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Dexamethasone and tocilizumab have been associated with reduction in mortality, however, the beneficial effect is not for all patients and the impact on viral replication is not well defined. We hypostatized that C-reactive protein (CRP) could help in the identification of patients requiring anti-inflammatory therapy. Patients admitted for > 48 h in our hospital for a confirmed or suspected infection by SARS-CoV-2 from February 2020 to February 2021 were retrospectively evaluated. The primary outcome was mortality at 30 days. Demographics and the most relevant variables related with the outcome were included. CRP was stratified by percentiles. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed. A total of 3218 patients were included with a median (IQR) age of 66 (74-78) years and 58.9% were males. The rate of intensive care unit admission was 24.4% and the 30-day mortality rate was 11.8%. Within the first 5 days from admission, 1018 (31.7%) patients received dexamethasone and 549 tocilizumab (17.1%). The crude analysis showed a mortality reduction in patients receiving dexamethasone when CRP was > 13.75 mg/dL and > 3.5 mg/dL for those receiving tocilizumab. Multivariate analysis identified the interaction of CRP > 13.75 mg/dL with dexamethasone (OR 0.57; CI 95% 0.37-0.89, P = 0014) and CRP > 3.5 mg/dL with tocilizumab (0.65; CI95%:0.44-0.95, P = 0.029) as independent predictors of mortality. Our results suggest that dexamethasone and tocilizumab are associated with a reduction in mortality when prescribed to patients with a certain inflammatory activity assessed by C-reactive protein

Clinical Presentation and Outcome of COVID-19 in a Latin American Versus Spanish Population: Matched Case-Control Study

Introduction: Increased mortality has been reported in the Latin American population. The objective is to compare the clinical characteristics and outcome of Latin American and Spanish populations in a cohort of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the first year of the pandemic. Methods: We retrospectively analysed all the Latin American patients (born in South or Central America) hospitalized in our centre from February 2020 to February 2021 and compared them with an age- and gender-matched group of Spanish subjects. Variables included were demographics, co-morbidities, clinical and analytical parameters at admission and treatment received. The primary outcomes were ICU admission and mortality at 60 days. A conditional regression analysis was performed to evaluate the independent baseline predictors of both outcomes. Results: From the 3216 patients in the whole cohort, 216 pairs of case-controls (Latin American and Spanish patients, respectively) with same age and gender were analysed. COPD was more frequent in the Spanish group, while HIV was more prevalent in the Latin American group. Other co-morbidities showed no significant difference. Both groups presented with similar numbers of days from symptom onset, but the Latin American population had a higher respiratory rate (21 vs. 20 bpm, P = 0.041), CRP (9.13 vs. 6.22 mg/dl, P = 0.001), ferritin (571 vs. 383 ng/ml, P = 0.012) and procalcitonin (0.10 vs. 0.07 ng/ml, P = 0.020) at admission and lower cycle threshold of PCR (27 vs. 28.8, P = 0.045). While ICU admission and IVM were higher in the Latin American group (17.1% vs. 13% and 9.7% vs. 5.1%, respectively), this was not statistically significant. Latin American patients received remdesivir and anti-inflammatory therapies more often, and no difference in the 60-day mortality rate was found (3.2% for both groups). Conclusion: Latin American patients with COVID-19 have more severe disease than Spanish patients, requiring ICU admission, antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapies more frequently. However, the mortality rate was similar in both groups

Systematic Two-Hybrid and Comparative Proteomic Analyses Reveal Novel Yeast Pre-mRNA Splicing Factors Connected to Prp19

Prp19 is the founding member of the NineTeen Complex, or NTC, which is a spliceosomal subcomplex essential for spliceosome activation. To define Prp19 connectivity and dynamic protein interactions within the spliceosome, we systematically queried the Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteome for Prp19 WD40 domain interaction partners by two-hybrid analysis. We report that in addition to S. cerevisiae Cwc2, the splicing factor Prp17 binds directly to the Prp19 WD40 domain in a 1∶1 ratio. Prp17 binds simultaneously with Cwc2 indicating that it is part of the core NTC complex. We also find that the previously uncharacterized protein Urn1 (Dre4 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe) directly interacts with Prp19, and that Dre4 is conditionally required for pre-mRNA splicing in S. pombe. S. pombe Dre4 and S. cerevisiae Urn1 co-purify U2, U5, and U6 snRNAs and multiple splicing factors, and dre4Δ and urn1Δ strains display numerous negative genetic interactions with known splicing mutants. The S. pombe Prp19-containing Dre4 complex co-purifies three previously uncharacterized proteins that participate in pre-mRNA splicing, likely before spliceosome activation. Our multi-faceted approach has revealed new low abundance splicing factors connected to NTC function, provides evidence for distinct Prp19 containing complexes, and underscores the role of the Prp19 WD40 domain as a splicing scaffold