Modelamiento hidráulico bidimensional de una bocatoma tipo Tirolesa en el Río Santa Rosa en el distrito de Aquia, Bolognesi, Ancash

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Ingeniería Agrícola. Departamento Académico de Recursos HídricosEn la presente investigación se ha desarrollado el modelamiento hidráulico bidimensional en flujo no permanente de una Bocatoma tipo tirolesa y un tramo de 01 km del Río Santa Rosa, ubicado en la Localidad de Sta. Rosa, Distrito de Aquia, Provincia de Bolognesi, Región Ancash – Perú. Utilizando información pluviométrica de la Estación de Chiquian, el cual está ubicada a 20 km del punto de interés, generando un hidrograma sintético por medio de un modelo hidrológico de máximas avenidas aplicando el método numérico de curva o Soil Conservation Service (SCS, 1964) con el modelo HEC – HMS, con un periodo de retorno de 50 años y un caudal pico de 10.8 m3 /s. También se trabajó con una topografía detallada de la zona y la Bocatoma tipo tirolesa el cual se logró generar el modelo digital de terreno y el mapa de uso de suelos con sus coeficientes respectivos. Luego, se realizó el análisis de la modelación hidráulica bidimensional con el software IBER 2.4.3, considerando las condiciones de borde entrada (hidrograma) y salida, para un tiempo de retorno de 50 años, el cual fue resultado de la formula del cuadro de “Riesgo de por lo menos una excedencia del evento de diseño durante la vida útil” para este tipo de estructuras; así como el mallado estructurado y no estructurado, asignación de elevación, y asignación de sumideros para simular la captación por la rejilla de la Bocatoma tipo tirolesa. Con ello se concluye que la información donde se puede determinar la configuración del curso fluvial del río intervenido y el funcionamiento de la Bocatoma tipo tirolesa son adecuados y acorde a los resultados de campo, obteniendo mapas de inundación, calado (tirante) y velocidad del agua.In the present investigation the two-dimensional hydraulic modeling in non-permanent flow of a Tyrolean-type intake and a 01 km stretch of the Santa Rosa River, located in the town of Sta. Rosa, District of Aquia, Province of Bolognesi, Ancash Region has been developed. - Peru. Using pluviometric information from the Chiquian Station, which is located 20 km from the point of interest, generating a synthetic hydrograph through a hydrological model of maximum floods applying the numerical curve method or Soil Conservation Service (SCS, 1964) with the HEC - HMS model, with a return period of 50 years and a peak flow of 10.8 m3 / s. We also worked with a detailed topography of the area and the Tyrolean intake, which was able to generate the digital terrain model and the land use map with their respective coefficients. Then, the analysis of the two-dimensional hydraulic modeling was carried out with the IBER 2.4.3 software, considering the conditions of the entry edge (hydrograph) and exit, for a return time of 50 years, which was the result of the formula of the table of "Risk of at least one exceedance of the design event during the useful life" for this type of structures; as well as the structured and unstructured meshing, elevation assignment, and sump assignment to simulate the catchment by the Tyrolean-type manhole grate. With this, it is concluded that the information where the configuration of the fluvial course of the intervened river and the operation of the Tyrolean-type mouth can be determined are adequate and according to the field results, obtaining maps of flooding, draft (tension) and water speed

Positivismo jurídico

This paper presents different stands on legal positivism, as philosophical positivism is similar to it and is an idea without which we cannot understand or explain the epistemological foundations of the knowledge of positive law. This thought, common to the social sciences that embrace the philosophical and scientific postulates of positivism, involves the belief that, first, good, genuine, or legitimate knowledge comes solely and exclusively from experience; and, second, that the role of the subject and, thus, the jurist is to describe the legal reality (positive law) impartially and objectively, not to assess it. Therefore, this paper introduces the origins of and various positions, characterizations, concepts, and theories associated with legal positivism to check its similarity with philosophical positivism.Este trabajo expone las diferentes posiciones sobre el positivismo jurídico, puesto que el positivismo filosófico es similar al positivismo jurídico y es una idea sin la cual no es posible comprender ni explicar los fundamentos epistemológicos del conocimiento del derecho positivo. Este pensamiento, común a las ciencias sociales que acogen los postulados filosóficos y científicos del positivismo, considera la creencia de que, primero, el conocimiento válido, verdadero o legítimo procede única y exclusivamente de la experiencia; y, segundo, que la labor del sujeto y, por tanto, del jurista es describir de manera imparcial y objetiva la realidad jurídica (el derecho positivo) y no evaluarla. Por tanto, en este escrito se dan a conocer los orígenes y las distintas posiciones, caracterizaciones, conceptos y teorías sobre el positivismo jurídico, a fin de verificar su similitud con el positivismo filosófico.Este trabalho expõe as diferentes posições sobre positivismo jurídico, uma vez que o positivismo filosófico é semelhante ao positivismo jurídico e é uma ideia sem a qual não é possível compreender ou explicar os fundamentos epistemológicos do conhecimento do direito positivo. Esse pensamento, comum às ciências sociais que abraçam os postulados filosóficos e científicos do positivismo, considera a crença de que, em primeiro lugar, o conhecimento válido, verdadeiro ou legítimo vem, única e exclusivamente, da experiência; e, segundo, que a tarefa do sujeito e, portanto, do jurista é descrever de forma imparcial e objetiva a realidade jurídica (direito positivo) e não avaliá-la. Portanto, neste artigo são conhecidas as origens e as diferentes posições, caracterizações, conceitos e teorias sobre positivismo jurídico, a fim de verificar sua semelhança com o positivismo filosófico

Orbital textures and charge density waves in transition metal dichalcogenides

Low-dimensional electron systems, as realized naturally in graphene or created artificially at the interfaces of heterostructures, exhibit a variety of fascinating quantum phenomena with great prospects for future applications. Once electrons are confined to low dimensions, they also tend to spontaneously break the symmetry of the underlying nuclear lattice by forming so-called density waves; a state of matter that currently attracts enormous attention because of its relation to various unconventional electronic properties. In this study we reveal a remarkable and surprising feature of charge density waves (CDWs), namely their intimate relation to orbital order. For the prototypical material 1T-TaS2 we not only show that the CDW within the two-dimensional TaS2-layers involves previously unidentified orbital textures of great complexity. We also demonstrate that two metastable stackings of the orbitally ordered layers allow to manipulate salient features of the electronic structure. Indeed, these orbital effects enable to switch the properties of 1T-TaS2 nanostructures from metallic to semiconducting with technologically pertinent gaps of the order of 200 meV. This new type of orbitronics is especially relevant for the ongoing development of novel, miniaturized and ultra-fast devices based on layered transition metal dichalcogenides

Doctor of Education Newsletter 2019

WSU Doctor of Education Inaugural Cohort 2019 Winona State University has an astounding reputation for educational practitioner preparation programs in the College of Education. As the summer of 2019 commences, a new journey begins for the inaugural cohort of doctoral students who embark on their quest to obtain Doctor of Education degrees.https://openriver.winona.edu/educationeddnewsletters/1000/thumbnail.jp

From Galaxy Clusters to Ultra-Faint Dwarf Spheroidals: A Fundamental Curve Connecting Dispersion-supported Galaxies to Their Dark Matter Halos

We examine scaling relations of dispersion-supported galaxies over more than eight orders of magnitude in luminosity by transforming standard fundamental plane parameters into a space of mass (M1/2), radius (r1/2), and luminosity (L1/2). We find that from ultra-faint dwarf spheroidals to giant cluster spheroids, dispersion-supported galaxies scatter about a one-dimensional "fundamental curve" through this MRL space. The weakness of the M1/2-L1/2 slope on the faint end may imply that potential well depth limits galaxy formation in small galaxies, while the stronger dependence on L1/2 on the bright end suggests that baryonic physics limits galaxy formation in massive galaxies. The mass-radius projection of this curve can be compared to median dark matter halo mass profiles of LCDM halos in order to construct a virial mass-luminosity relationship (Mvir-L) for galaxies that spans seven orders of magnitude in Mvir. Independent of any global abundance or clustering information, we find that (spheroidal) galaxy formation needs to be most efficient in halos of Mvir ~ 10^12 Msun and to become inefficient above and below this scale. Moreover, this profile matching technique is most accurate at the high and low luminosity extremes (where dark matter fractions are highest) and is therefore quite complementary to statistical approaches that rely on having a well-sampled luminosity function. We also consider the significance and utility of the scatter about this relation, and find that in the dSph regime observational errors are almost at the point where we can explore the intrinsic scatter in the luminosity-virial mass relation. Finally, we note that purely stellar systems like Globular Clusters and Ultra Compact Dwarfs do not follow the fundamental curve relation. This allows them to be easily distinguished from dark-matter dominated dSph galaxies in MRL space. (abridged)Comment: 27 pages, 18 figures, ApJ accepted. High-res movies of 3D figures are available at http://www.physics.uci.edu/~bullock/fcurve/movies.htm

La intimidad como derecho humano y la solidaridad como valor constitucional en la era del Covid-19

The objective of this research article is to approach from an analytical perspective the scope of the human right to privacy, and the impact on the value of solidarity. Based on state measures on the occasion of the emergency of COVID-19, as a public health phenomenon with legal implications, making special relation to the Colombian legal system. For this purpose we will work on two fundamental topics: (i) The right to privacy in Colombia: guarantees under the conceptual margins of the constitutional court. (ii) The value of solidarity under examination: constitutionality of decree 568 of April 15, 2020. In this order as preliminary conclusions, we show that the constitutionality of privacy and solidarity can be endangered from the damage to the guarantees primary as axiological norms, which are under the guardianship and protective ownership of the central executive power, against the declaration of the State of economic, social and ecological emergency, enshrined in article 215 of our Basic Law.El objetivo de este artículo de investigación es abordar desde una perspectiva analítica los alcances del derecho humano a la intimidad, y la afectación al valor de la solidaridad. A partir de medidas estatales con ocasión a la emergencia del COVID-19, como fenómeno de salud pública con implicaciones jurídicas, haciendo especial relación al sistema juridico colombiano. Para este cometido trabajaremos dos tópicos fundamentales: (i) El derecho a la intimidad en Colombia: garantias bajo los márgenes conceptuales de la corte constitucional. (ii) El valor de la solidaridad a examen: constitucionalidad del decreto 568 de 15 de abril del 2020. En este orden como conclusiones preliminares, evidenciamos que la constitucionalidad de la intimidad y la solidaridad, pueden ser puestas en peligro a partir de las lesiones a las garantias primarias como normas axiológicas, que se encuentran bajo la tutela y titularidad de protección del poder ejecutivo central, frente a la declaratoria del Estado de emergencia económica, social y ecológica, que consagra el artículo 215 de nuestra Ley Fundamental