In vitro cultivation of Brosimum gaudichaudii Tréc. (Moraceae)

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o potencial organogenético de entrenós, discos foliares, e raízes de Brosimum gaudichaudii utilizando 12 diferentes combinações dos fitorreguladores 6-benzilaminopurina e ácido naftaleno acético, em meio MS (diluído à metade), sólido (6,5 g de ágar), e com 20 g.L-1 de sacarose. Independentemente das combinações hormonais testadas verificou-se a formação de calos friáveis (2 a 20 mm de diâmetro) em 90% dos entrenós usados como explantes. No entanto, os tratamentos testados não foram capazes induzir calos ou gemas em raízes e em discos foliares. O estudo anatômico revelou a formação de meristemóides nas regiões mais externa e mais interna dos calos. Os resultados obtidos poderão servir de base para novos testes de indução de calos na espécie.The objective of this research was to evaluate the organogenic potential of internodes, leaf discs and roots of Brosimum gaudichaudii using 12 different combinations of the plant growth regulators 6-benzylaminopurine and naphthalene acetic acid in MS medium (half strength), solid medium (6.5 g agar) and sucrose medium (20 g.L-1). Regardless the hormonal combination tested, we observed the formation of friable calluses (2 - 20 mm wide) in 90% of the internode explants. However, the treatments were not able to induce callus or buds on roots and leaf discs. The anatomical analysis revealed meristemoid formation in the outer and inner regions of the calluses. The results may serve as the basis for further testing of callus induction in this species

Cultivo in vitro de Brosimum gaudichaudii Tréc. (Moraceae)

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o potencial organogenético de entrenós, discos foliares, e raízes de Brosimum gaudichaudii utilizando 12 diferentes combinações dos fitorreguladores 6-benzilaminopurina e ácido naftaleno acético, em meio MS (diluído à metade), sólido (6,5 g de ágar), e com 20 g.L-1 de sacarose. Independentemente das combinações hormonais testadas verificou-se a formação de calos friáveis (2 a 20 mm de diâmetro) em 90% dos entrenós usados como explantes. No entanto, os tratamentos testados não foram capazes induzir calos ou gemas em raízes e em discos foliares. O estudo anatômico revelou a formação de meristemóides nas regiões mais externa e mais interna dos calos. Os resultados obtidos poderão servir de base para novos testes de indução de calos na espécie

The use of papain gel cream and sunflower oil in promoting healing in a wound in dogs: three case reports

ABSTRACT Papain is a proteolytic enzyme removed from the leaves of green papaya and/or latex. This enzyme is widely known as a medicinal fruit used extensively in human medicine for the treatment of wounds of various etiologies. However, studies and reports in veterinary medicine are scarce. Another herbal drug widely used in wound healing is Sunflower oil (Helianthus annus). It has inflammatory and antimicrobial properties which stimulate the local neovascularization, promoting tissue granulation, cell migration, fibroblast proliferation, and differentiation. Three dogs were treated with infected necrosis wounds, considered large, extent, and severe, with varied etiology. All cases were treated with papain gel with the exception of one dog, which was given the sunflower oil at the end of the treatment. Papain gel shows effectiveness in the treatment of wounds especially with wound debridement and removal of necrotic tissue. In addition, the healing time was shorter when compared to the treatment with sunflower oil. Finally, the herbal drugs have a low cost and high accessibility. This study contributes to create a new research regarding the use of this drug in animal wound healing

A dosimetric study of prostate brachytherapy using Monte Carlo simulations with a voxel phantom, measurements and a comparison with a treatment planning procedure.

In prostate brachytherapy treatments, there is an initial swelling of the prostate of the patient due to a prostate oedema related to the insertion of the seeds inside the prostate. The variation of the prostate volume can lead to variations in the final prescribed dose in treatment planning procedures. As such, it is important to understand their influence for dose optimisation purposes. This work reports on a dosimetric study of the swelling of the prostate in prostate brachytherapy using Monte Carlo simulations. Dosimetric measurements performed on a physical anthropomorphic tissue-equivalent prostate phantom and thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were used to validate the MC model. Finally the MC model was also used to simulate prostate swelling in a real treatment planning procedure. The obtained results indicate that the parameters mentioned above represent a source of uncertainty in dose assessment in prostate brachytherapy, and can be detrimental to a correct dose evaluation in treatment plannings, and that these parameters can be accurately determined by means of MC simulations with a voxel phantom

Development of a Low-Cost Ball-on-Flat Linear Reciprocating Apparatus: Test Validation Using Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-4V/Nb2O5 Coatings

Abstract: This work aims to propose the development of a low-cost ball-on-flat linear reciprocating apparatus that can have the same attributes of extremely expensive equipment available on the market. For this purpose, the device was constructed following the recommendations of the ASTM G133 standard. The device’s validation was performed trough a comparative study between the ASTM G133 standard and 3D profilometry technique by using Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-4V/Nb2O5 specimens. The results obtained in the present work were very motivating by showing it was possible to obtain the wear properties with reproducibility through the equipment constructed. The wear tests showed that the functionalization of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy with Nb2O5 coatings increased the wear resistance of the biomaterial, reducing the wear volume about 80.1 % when compared to the base material. Finally, this work demonstrated (i) the effectiveness and reproducibility of the device built to carry out microwear tests, (ii) the increase in resistance to the mechanical wear process conferred by the Nb2O5 film on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy and (iii) the powerful impact of the 3D profilometry technique when compared to the ASTM G133 standard for wear volume determination

Supplementary Material for: A Novel Missense GLA Mutation (p.G35V) Detected in Hemodialysis Screening Leads to Severe Systemic Manifestations of Fabry Disease in Men and Women

<i>Background/Aims:</i> Fabry disease (FD), an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder, leads to accumulation of globotriaosylceramide. Screening in dialysis patients may identify genetic variants of unknown clinical significance. We aimed to characterize the pathogenicity of a novel <i>GLA</i> gene mutation identified during hemodialysis screening and the histologic findings of early Fabry nephropathy. <i>Methods:</i> One out of 108 male hemodialysis patients screened for FD presented low α-galactosidase A activity. A novel missense mutation (p.G35V) in the <i>GLA</i> gene was detected. Family screening identified 11 additional cases (8 women). Clinical investigation was conducted in 10 patients (index case and 9 relatives). Pathogenicity of the new mutation was investigated by clinical and laboratory tests, cardiac and cranial magnetic resonance imaging, and kidney biopsy. <i>Results:</i> Cardiac manifestations were detected in most patient from both genders, such as left ventricular hypertrophy and short PR interval. White matter lesion was present in 3 women. Pulvinar lesion of the thalamus and ischemic stroke were detected in male patients. Abnormal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and/or albuminuria were present in 5 patients (3 women). Renal biopsies (<i>n</i> = 7) revealed globotriaosylceramide deposits in different cell types and foot processes effacement in all patients, including women with normal albuminuria. Despite a normal GFR, tubulointerstitial fibrosis ranging from 5 to 20% was present in young women and men with normal or high albuminuria, respectively. <i>Conclusion:</i> The novel missense mutation p.G35V leads to severe systemic manifestations of FD in men and women. Kidney histological changes, including tubulointerstitial fibrosis, may predate albuminuria and GFR changes in adult women. Novel non-invasive markers are required for early detection of Fabry nephropathy

Riscos e Retornos da Cafeicultura em Minas Gerais: uma análise de custos e diferenciação

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar, comparativamente, o desempenho dos produtores de café do Cerrado mineiro e do sudoeste do estado, de acordo com o retorno obtido e o nível de risco. Dadas as opções estratégicas adotadas nessas duas regiões, a diferenciação e os custos foram enfatizados. As margens e os potenciais de perda dos dois grupos de cafeicultores foram mensurados, o que permitiu apresentar uma relação entre risco e retorno. Os retornos foram estimados por um índice que relaciona custos e preços - margem operacional -, e a análise de riscos foi realizada a partir das estimativas do Value at Risk. Os resultados indicaram que os produtores do Cerrado, além de terem obtido melhores retornos, apresentaram menores perdas potencias que os do sudoeste. Os resultados favoráveis aos cafeicultores do Cerrado foram relacionados às diferenças dos custos produtivos e da qualidade do café. Incrementos na qualidade do produto e melhorias na gestão do processo produtivo foram os aspectos considerados relevantes para melhorar o desempenho do produtor do sudoeste. Já em relação à cafeicultura do Cerrado, destacou-se a importância de manter os esforços ligados à diferenciação e à produtividade.<br>This paper aimed to analyze the comparative performance from the Minas Gerais "Cerrado" coffee producers and the south-western conventional coffee producers, according to the returns and the risk level. Differentiation and costs were emphasized because they were the strategic options adopted by the grower in these two regions The margins and potential loss of these two producer groups were measured, in a way that a relation between risks and returns could be presented. The returns were estimated by an index that relates costs and prices - operational margin -, and risk analysis was conducted based on Value at Risk estimates. The results indicated that, besides obtaining better returns, the Minas Gerais "Cerrado" producers had smaller loss potential than those from the south-west. The favorable results obtained by the Minas Gerais "Cerrado" coffee producers were related to the differences in productive costs and coffee quality. Improved product quality and productive management were the most relevant aspects found to enhance the performance of the south-western coffee producer. As for the "Cerrado" coffee production, the importance of maintaining the efforts related to differentiation and to the productivity was pointed out