IMPACT OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ON THE NEAR AND LONG-TERM PROGNOSIS OF LIFE AFTER ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. THE DATA OF THE LIS-1 STUDY (LYUBERTSY MORTALITY STUDY OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION)

Aim. To study the effect of atrial fibrillation (AF) that existed before the myocardial infarction (MI), on near and long-term mortality in patients with acute MI.Material and methods. The data of LIS register (Lyubertsy study on mortality rate in patients after MI), that included all patients hospitalized for acute MI (n=1133) during the period from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2007, were used to solve the aim of the study.Results. AF was recorded in 88 patients (7.8%), and the frequency of AF significantly increased with age. 22 patients with a history of AF (25%) died in hospital, and mortality in this group of patients was significantly higher than this in the whole group of patients (15.2%; p=0.025). However, these differences were not statistically significant when adjusted for age and gender (OR=1.25; 95% CI 0.77-2.04; p=0.37). 66 people from 961 patients, who were discharged from the hospital, had the AF before acute MI. Relative risk of death in patients with AF in this group (adjusted for age and sex) was significantly higher than this in patients without AF (OR=1.91; 95% CI 1.18-3.11; p=0.005). Conclusion. AF diagnosed in patients with acute MI at admission did not influence significantly hospital mortality. However, pre-existing AF increases significantly the risk of death in patients survived acute period of MI

Влияние гипертермии на гематологические показатели и продуктивность курнесушек

Studies were conducted in the period 2020-2021 based on the department of ecology and noncontagious pathology of animals of the Ural Veterinary Research Institute - a structural subdivision of FSBSI “UFARC UB RAS” (Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”). Significant increases in ambient temperature in industrial poultry farming have natural and incidental effects on all processes in the living organism of birds, affecting their direction and intensity. We studied the use of feed additives containing dried live yeast of different variants and concentrations before and after heat stress on changes in the live body weight of laying hens, the importance of laid eggs, and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the blood leukocyte formula. The authors registered a significant increase in the concentration of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in birds of the control group - 18.1 and 25.5% during the period of heat stress, which indicated the beginning of a long adaptation process.Furthermore, the authors noted a significant increase in the ratio of the number of heterophils to lymphocytes (g/l) and in individuals of the control group by 44.2% (0.62 units), which confirmed the intensity of all processes in the body. During the study, the authors note that the total number of leukocytes increased against the background of a stress factor in the blood of laying hens of the control, 1st, and 2nd experimental groups - 1.4, 1.2, and 1.3 times, respectively. This increase occurs due to the release of immature heterophils into the bloodstream and the outflow of lymphocytes into peripheral tissues. The authors note the best stress resistance to 48-hour hyperthermia when using feed additives of hepatoprotective action in chickens of the 1st and 2nd groups reported the best stress resistance to 48-hour hyperthermia. This stress resistance is confirmed by regular physiological changes in the level of heterophils, basophils, monocytes, and G/L, characteristic of the period of urgent adaptation and maintenance of immune homeostasis.Исследования проведены в период 2020–2021 гг. на базе отдела экологии и незаразной патологии животных Уральского научно-исследовательского ветеринарного института – структурного подразделения ФГБНУ УрФАНИЦ УрО РАН. Существенные увеличения температуры окружающей среды оказывают в промышленном птицеводстве закономерные и акцидентные воздействия на все процессы в живом организме птиц, влияют на их направленность и интенсивность. Изучено применение кормовых добавок, содержащих высушенные живые дрожжи различных вариантов и концентраций, перед тепловым стрессом и после его воздействия на изменения живой массы тела кур-несушек, массы снесенных яиц, количественных и качественных характеристик лейкоцитарной формулы крови. Значительное увеличение концентрации эритроцитов и гемоглобина в период теплового стресса регистрировали у птиц контрольной группы – 18,1 и 25,5%, что свидетельствовало о начале продолжительного адаптационного процесса. Существенное увеличение отношения количества гетерофилов к лимфоцитам (Г/Л) отмечали также у особей контрольной группы – на 44,2% (0,62 ед.), что подтверждало напряженность всех процессов в организме. На фоне стресс-фактора в крови кур-несушек контрольной, 1-й и 2-й опытных групп возрастало общее количество лейкоцитов – в 1,4; 1,2 и 1,3 раза соответственно, что происходило за счёт выброса в кровоток незрелых гетерофилов и оттока лимфоцитов в периферические ткани. При применении кормовых добавок гепатопротективного действия у кур 1-й и 2-й групп отмечали лучшую стрессоустойчивость к 48-часовой гипертермии, что подтверждалось закономерными физиологическими изменениями уровня гетерофилов, базофилов, моноцитов и Г/Л, свойственными для периода срочной адаптации и поддержания иммунного гомеостаза

Theoretical Aspects of Charge Ordering in Molecular Conductors

Theoretical studies on charge ordering phenomena in quarter-filled molecular (organic) conductors are reviewed. Extended Hubbard models including not only the on-site but also the inter-site Coulomb repulsion are constructed in a straightforward way from the crystal structures, which serve for individual study on each material as well as for their systematic understandings. In general the inter-site Coulomb interaction stabilizes Wigner crystal-type charge ordered states, where the charge localizes in an arranged manner avoiding each other, and can drive the system insulating. The variety in the lattice structures, represented by anisotropic networks in not only the electron hopping but also in the inter-site Coulomb repulsion, brings about diverse problems in low-dimensional strongly correlated systems. Competitions and/or co-existences between the charge ordered state and other states are discussed, such as metal, superconductor, and the dimer-type Mott insulating state which is another typical insulating state in molecular conductors. Interplay with magnetism, e.g., antiferromagnetic state and spin gapped state for example due to the spin-Peierls transition, is considered as well. Distinct situations are pointed out: influences of the coupling to the lattice degree of freedom and effects of geometrical frustration which exists in many molecular crystals. Some related topics, such as charge order in transition metal oxides and its role in new molecular conductors, are briefly remarked.Comment: 21 pages, 19 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. special issue on "Organic Conductors"; figs. 4 and 11 replaced with smaller sized fil

Эффективность затрат на вакцинацию против пневмококковой инфекции взрослых из групп риска в рамках федеральных и региональных программ

The aim. of the work was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of vaccination with the 13-vaIent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and its combination with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) of immunocompetent adult patients with different levels of risk of pneumococcal infection.Material and methods. Cost-effectiveness analysis was carried out by a modeling method, with a horizon of 15 years from the position of the healthcare system, and. taking into account the social perspective. The analysis was performed, for 20, 40, and 60 year oId patients with 1, 2, and 3 risk factors. In accordance with national recommendations, the vaccination. regimen included, the introduction, of PC 1 dose of PPV23 one year later. In addition, the analysis was performed, for vaccination, with 1 dose of PCV13.The efficacy of PCV13 and PPV23 in different age groups corresponded, to the results of foreign studies, taking into account the data of a Russian study of the serotypic landscape of pneumococci with community-acquired, pneumonia, which required, hospitalization.The cost of treating pneumococcal infections was calculated. on the basis of the mandatory medical insurance rates in St. Petersburg for 2019. The cost of vaccination, for federal programs was calculated, on the basis of the PCV13 price of 1199 rubles per dose, and. for regional programs — 1518.63 rubles per dose. The cost of PPV23 in both, cases corresponded. to the weighted average price of auctions for 2019 (1639 rubles per dose).Indirect costs were calculated, on the basis of data on average wages in the Russian Federation, and. employment of citizens of various age groups.Costs and. life expectancy were discounted, at 3.5% per year.Results. The number of cases of infection prevented, and. the amount of costs averted, increase with increasing risk level. Moreover, with age, the number of deaths caused, by these diseases increases significantly. The volume of prevented, direct medical and. general costs per 1 vaccinated, patient varies from 0.41-2.95 thousand, rubles and. 1.00-6.82 thousand, rubles, respectively. Vaccination, of patients with 3 risk factors is most cost-effective.Conclusion. When analyzed, from the perspective of the healthcare system., vaccination, against pneumococcal infection with PCV13+PPV23 in 60-year-old. patients with at least 1 risk factor and. patients of any age with at least 2 risk factors can be considered as cost-effective. Vaccination with 1 dose of PCV13 of patients of any age with at least 1 risk factor in the analysis from the perspective of the healthcare system, can be considered, as a cost-effective intervention.Цель: оценка эффективности затрат, на вакцинацию 13-валентной пневмококковой конъюгированной вакциной (ПКВ13) и ее сочетанием, с 23-валентной пневмококковой полисахаридной вакциной (ППВ23) иммунокомпетентных взрослых пациентов с различным, уровнем риска пневмококковой инфекции.Материалы и методы: анализ эффективности затрат осуществляли методом, моделирования с горизонтом. 15 лет. с позиции системы здравоохранения и с учетом. социальной перспективы. Анализ проводили для 20-, 40- и 60-летних пациентов с 1, 2 и 3 факторами риска.В соответствии с национальными рекомендациями режим, вакцинации предполагал введение 1 дозы. ПКВ13 и 1 дозы ППВ23 через год. Кроме того, анализ проводили для вакцинации 1 дозой ПКВ13.Эффективность ПКВ13 и ППВ23 в разных возрастных группах соответствовала результатам, зарубежных исследований с учетом, данных российского исследования серотипового пейзажа пневмококков при внебольничной пневмонии, потребовавшей госпитализации.Затраты, на терапию пневмококковых инфекций рассчитывались на основе тарифов ОМС по Санкт-Петербургу на 2019 г. Затраты, на вакцинацию ПКВ13 рассчитывались в рамках федеральных программ на основе цены. ПКВ13, равной 1199 руб. за дозу, в рамках региональных программ. — 1518,63 руб. за дозу. Затраты, на ППВ23 в обоих случаях соответствовали средневзвешенной цене аукционов за 2019 г. (1639 руб. за дозу).Расчет, непрямых затрат, осуществлялся на основе данных по средней заработной плате в РФ и занятости граждан различных возрастных групп.При проведении анализа затраты, и продолжительность жизни дисконтировали на 3,5% в год.Результаты: количество предотвращенных при вакцинации случаев инфекции и объем, предотвращенных затрат, увеличиваются с увеличением, уровня риска. При этом с возрастом существенно возрастает количество обусловленных данными заболеваниями летальных исходов.Объем предотвращенных прямых медицинских и общих затрат, в расчете на 1 вакцинированного варьирует в пределах 0,41—2,95 тыс. руб. и 1,00—6,82 тыс. руб. соответственно. Максимальная эффективность затрат характерна для пациентов с 3 факторами риска.Выводы: при анализе с позиции системы здравоохранения в качестве экономически высокоэффективной может, рассматриваться вакцинация против пневмококковой инфекции ПКВ13 с введением, через год ППВ23 60-летних пациентов с как минимум. 1 фактором, риска и пациентов любого возраста с как минимум. 2 факторами риска.Вакцинация 1 дозой ПКВ13 пациентов любого возраста с как минимум 1 фактором риска при анализе с позиции системы здравоохранения может, рассматриваться как экономически высокоэффективное вмешательство

Information sources in the educational activities of students of a medical university

The article presents the results of a study devoted to the study of information sources that students use during the period of distance learning due to the covid-19 pandemic. During the study, it was shown that 5th year students are aware of the existence of most authoritative sources of information, however, their application in the educational process is limited. It was also shown that 56% of students participate in additional educational activities 1-2 times a year or less, which requires the development of corrective measuresВ статье приведены результаты исследования, посвященного изучению информационных источников, к которым прибегают студенты в период дистанционного обучения, обусловленного пандемией «ковид-19». В ходе исследования было показано, что студенты 5 курса осведомлены о существовании большинства авторитетных источников информации, однако применение их в учебном процессе ограничено. Также было показано, что 56% студентов участвуют в дополнительных образовательных мероприятиях 1-2 раза в год и реже, что требует разработки корректирующих мероприятий

Studies of new Higgs boson interactions through nonresonant HH production in the b¯bγγ fnal state in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for nonresonant Higgs boson pair production in the b ¯bγγ fnal state is performed using 140 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. This analysis supersedes and expands upon the previous nonresonant ATLAS results in this fnal state based on the same data sample. The analysis strategy is optimised to probe anomalous values not only of the Higgs (H) boson self-coupling modifer κλ but also of the quartic HHV V (V = W, Z) coupling modifer κ2V . No signifcant excess above the expected background from Standard Model processes is observed. An observed upper limit µHH < 4.0 is set at 95% confdence level on the Higgs boson pair production cross-section normalised to its Standard Model prediction. The 95% confdence intervals for the coupling modifers are −1.4 < κλ < 6.9 and −0.5 < κ2V < 2.7, assuming all other Higgs boson couplings except the one under study are fxed to the Standard Model predictions. The results are interpreted in the Standard Model efective feld theory and Higgs efective feld theory frameworks in terms of constraints on the couplings of anomalous Higgs boson (self-)interactions

Measurement of the H → γ γ and H → ZZ∗ → 4 cross-sections in pp collisions at √s = 13.6 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The inclusive Higgs boson production cross section is measured in the di-photon and the Z Z∗ → 4 decay channels using 31.4 and 29.0 fb−1 of pp collision data respectively, collected with the ATLAS detector at a centre of-mass energy of √s = 13.6 TeV. To reduce the model dependence, the measurement in each channel is restricted to a particle-level phase space that closely matches the chan nel’s detector-level kinematic selection, and it is corrected for detector effects. These measured fiducial cross-sections are σfid,γ γ = 76+14 −13 fb, and σfid,4 = 2.80 ± 0.74 fb, in agreement with the corresponding Standard Model predic tions of 67.6±3.7 fb and 3.67±0.19 fb. Assuming Standard Model acceptances and branching fractions for the two chan nels, the fiducial measurements are extrapolated to the full phase space yielding total cross-sections of σ (pp → H) = 67+12 −11 pb and 46±12 pb at 13.6 TeV from the di-photon and Z Z∗ → 4 measurements respectively. The two measure ments are combined into a total cross-section measurement of σ (pp → H) = 58.2±8.7 pb, to be compared with the Stan dard Model prediction of σ (pp → H)SM = 59.9 ± 2.6 p

Searches for lepton-flavour-violating decays of the Higgs boson into eτ and μτ in \sqrt{s} = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

Abstract This paper presents direct searches for lepton flavour violation in Higgs boson decays, H → eτ and H → μτ, performed using data collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The searches are based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy s $$\sqrt{s}$$ = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1. Leptonic (τ → ℓνℓντ) and hadronic (τ → hadrons ντ) decays of the τ-lepton are considered. Two background estimation techniques are employed: the MC-template method, based on data-corrected simulation samples, and the Symmetry method, based on exploiting the symmetry between electrons and muons in the Standard Model backgrounds. No significant excess of events is observed and the results are interpreted as upper limits on lepton-flavour-violating branching ratios of the Higgs boson. The observed (expected) upper limits set on the branching ratios at 95% confidence level, B $$\mathcal{B}$$ (H → eτ) < 0.20% (0.12%) and B $$\mathcal{B}$$ (H → μτ ) < 0.18% (0.09%), are obtained with the MC-template method from a simultaneous measurement of potential H → eτ and H → μτ signals. The best-fit branching ratio difference, B $$\mathcal{B}$$ (H → μτ) → B $$\mathcal{B}$$ (H → eτ), measured with the Symmetry method in the channel where the τ-lepton decays to leptons, is (0.25 ± 0.10)%, compatible with a value of zero within 2.5σ