Toll-like receptor 2 in serum: a potential diagnostic marker of prosthetic joint infection?

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a severe complication of arthroplasty and is still lacking diagnostic gold standards. PJI patients display high Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) serum levels, correlating with canonical inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin 6 [IL-6], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-\u3b1], and IL-1). Therefore, TLR2 serum levels could be considered a new potential diagnostic tool in the early detection of PJI. Copyright \ua9 2014, American Society for Microbiology

Experience and lessons from health impact assessment for human rights impact assessment

As globalisation has opened remote parts of the world to foreign investment, global leaders at the United Nations and beyond have called on multinational companies to foresee and mitigate negative impacts on the communities surrounding their overseas operations. This movement towards corporate impact assessment began with a push for environmental and social inquiries. It has been followed by demands for more detailed assessments, including health and human rights. In the policy world the two have been joined as a right-to-health impact assessment. In the corporate world, the right-to-health approach fulfils neither managers' need to comprehensively understand impacts of a project, nor rightsholders' need to know that the full suite of their human rights will be safe from violation. Despite the limitations of a right-to-health tool for companies, integration of health into human rights provides numerous potential benefits to companies and the communities they affect. Here, a detailed health analysis through the human rights lens is carried out, drawing on a case study from the United Republic of Tanzania. This paper examines the positive and negative health and human rights impacts of a corporate operation in a low-income setting, as viewed through the human rights lens, considering observations on the added value of the approach. It explores the relationship between health impact assessment (HIA) and human rights impact assessment (HRIA). First, it considers the ways in which HIA, as a study directly concerned with human welfare, is a more appropriate guide than environmental or social impact assessment for evaluating human rights impacts. Second, it considers the contributions HRIA can make to HIA, by viewing determinants of health not as direct versus indirect, but as interrelated

[Diagnosis and treatment of traumatic rupture and dislocation of the diaphragm. Experience of 2 surgical centers (Modena and Bologna)].

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Pulse wave propagation in blood vessels:theoretical investigation and clinical applications

A general investigation of the heart pulse propagation in blood vessel has been done and this research has been conducted for the blood flow in physiological conditions; then also the problems connected to new surgical techniques and also necessary in the organs transplantations. In particular in presence of insertion at some distance from the input is investigated and also the effects of the connection of vascular segments with different mechanical properties increases the risk of generation of blood turbolence fluxes and involves, in the arterial vessels. Mechanical models of cardiovascular system have been studied and the effects considered in clinical applications.A general investigation of the heart pulse propagation in blood vessel has been done and this research has been conducted for the blood flow in physiological conditions; then also the problems connected to new surgical techniques and also necessary in the organs transplantations. In particular in presence of insertion at some distance from the input is investigated and also the effects of the connection of vascular segments with different mechanical properties increases the risk of generation of blood turbolence fluxes and involves, in the arterial vessels. Mechanical models of cardiovascular system have been studied and the effects considered in clinical applications