Morphological and structural features of the CdxPb1−xS films obtained by CBD from ethylenediamine-citrate bath

The calculating of ionic equilibria in the system «Pb(CH3COO)2 - CdCl2 - Na3C6H5O7 - ‎(NH3)2(CH2)2 - N2H4CS» allowed us to find conditions and concentration regions of PbS and CdS co-deposition. The determined conditions provided the CBD obtaining of CdxPb1−xS (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.033) substitutional solid solutions films with a cubic structure B1 (space group Fm ) with the grains preferred orientation (200). We established the evolution of the surface morphology of the synthesized films from cubic crystallites to hierarchical structure of globular aggregates by scanning electron microscopy. A quantitative analysis of diffraction patterns showed a decrease of microstrains in CdxPb1−xS films by a about factor of 3 with an increase of the cadmium chloride concentration in the reaction mixture from 0.005 to 0.14 mol/l. The excess of the cadmium content, established by EDX analysis, in the studied films as compared to its content in the solid solution is associated with the additional formation of the amorphous CdS phase up to 72 mol %.A Corrigendum is available for this article at https://doi.org/10.15826/chimtech.2021.8.2.12

Corrigendum to Morphological and structural features of the CdxPb1−xS films obtained by CBD from ethylenediamine-citrate bath

Available online: 04.07.2021.The original article, “Kutyavina AD, Maskaeva LN, Voronin VI, Anokhina IA, Markov VF. Morphological and structural features of the CdxPb1−xS films obtained by CBD from ethylenediamine-citrate bath. Chimica Techno Acta. 2021;8(2):20218210”, is available at: https://doi.org/10.15826/chimtech.2021.8.2.10The research was financially supported by 211 Program of the Government of the Russian Federation (No. 02.A03.21.0006) and the state assignment of Minobrnauki of Russia (theme “Flux”, No АААА-А18-118020190112-8), was carried out within the state assignment of Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (theme No. Н687.42Б.223/20) and supported by RFBR (projects No. 20-48-660041)

Introduction to Khovanov Homologies. I. Unreduced Jones superpolynomial

An elementary introduction to Khovanov construction of superpolynomials. Despite its technical complexity, this method remains the only source of a definition of superpolynomials from the first principles and therefore is important for development and testing of alternative approaches. In this first part of the review series we concentrate on the most transparent and unambiguous part of the story: the unreduced Jones superpolynomials in the fundamental representation and consider the 2-strand braids as the main example. Already for the 5_1 knot the unreduced superpolynomial contains more items than the ordinary Jones.Comment: 33 page

Approaches to prenatal diagnosis in infants with evidence of intrauterine exposure of lead

In order to identity communication impairments of children with blood lead levels in different periods of development of the child, examined 502 patients aged 5 months to 3 years old, born to mothers living in ecologically unfavorable territories of Sverdlovsk region, with an established load of lead during pregnancy. The relation between the levels of red blood cells, hemoglobin, AST, ALT, total protein and neurospecific S100 in the blood of children with blood lead concentrations of mothers during pregnancy are detected.С целью выявления связи нарушений здоровья детей с содержанием свинца в крови в различные периоды развития ребенка, обследовано 502 пациента в возрасте от 5 месяцев до 3 лет, рожденных от матерей, проживающих на экологически неблагополучных территориях Свердловской области, с установленной свинцовой нагрузкой в период беременности. Обнаружены связи уровней эритроцитов, гемоглобина, AST, ALT, общего и нейроспецифического белка S100 в крови детей с концентрацией свинца в крови матерей во время беременности

Энергоэффективность комплексов с частично связанными тепловыми и материальными потоками в экстрактивной ректификации смеси метилацетат – хлороформ

The extractive distillation of methyl acetate – chloroform mixture was studied with the application of three extracting agents (dimethyl formamide, ethylene glycol and dimethyl sulfoxide) in the two-column flowsheet and in the complex with the partially coupled heat and material flows (PCHMF). Optimization of the researched flowsheets was carried out according to the criterion of the boilers minimum energy consumption. It was established that the energy consumption by the separation in the complex with PCHMF decreases as compared to two-column flowsheets up to 32.1%, for the extractive distillation with dimethyl formamide, up to 11.7% with the ethylene glycol and up to 1% with dimethyl sulfoxide. It was found that energy efficiency of extractive distillation complexes with PCHMF for methyl acetate – chloroform mixture separation depends on the reflux ratio in the regeneration column of the traditional two-column flowsheet (relative volatility of chloroform – extracting agent).Рассмотрена экстрактивная ректификация смеси метилацетат – хлороформ с применением трех разделяющих агентов (диметилформамида, этиленгликоля и диметилсульфоксида) в двухколонной схеме и в комплексе с частично связанными тепловыми и материальными потоками. Проведена оптимизация данных схем по критерию минимума энергетических затрат в кипятильниках колонн. Установлено, что энергозатраты на разделение в комплексе с частично связанными тепловыми и материальными потоками (ЧСТМП) ниже по сравнению с энергозатратами в кипятильниках колонн двухколонной схемы на 32.1%, при экстрактивной ректификации с диметилформамидом, на 11.7 % – при экстрактивной ректификации с этиленгликолем, на 1% – при экстрактивной ректификации с диметилсульфоксидом. Выявлено, что энергоэффективность комплексов с ЧСТМП в процессе экстрактивной ректификации смеси метилацетат – хлороформ зависит от флегмового числа в колонне регенерации традиционной схемы (относительной летучести пары хлороформ–экстрактивный агент)

Prospects for the measurement of muon-neutrino disappearance at the FNAL-Booster

Neutrino physics is nowadays receiving more and more attention as a possible source of information for the long-standing problem of new physics beyond the Standard Model. The recent measurement of the mixing angle $\theta_{13}$ in the standard mixing oscillation scenario encourages us to pursue the still missing results on leptonic CP violation and absolute neutrino masses. However, puzzling measurements exist that deserve an exhaustive evaluation. The NESSiE Collaboration has been setup to undertake conclusive experiments to clarify the muon-neutrino disappearance measurements at small $L/E$, which will be able to put severe constraints to models with more than the three-standard neutrinos, or even to robustly measure the presence of a new kind of neutrino oscillation for the first time. To this aim the use of the current FNAL-Booster neutrino beam for a Short-Baseline experiment has been carefully evaluated. This proposal refers to the use of magnetic spectrometers at two different sites, Near and Far. Their positions have been extensively studied, together with the possible performances of two OPERA-like spectrometers. The proposal is constrained by availability of existing hardware and a time-schedule compatible with the CERN project for a new more performant neutrino beam, which will nicely extend the physics results achievable at the Booster. The possible FNAL experiment will allow to clarify the current $\nu_{\mu}$ disappearance tension with $\nu_e$ appearance and disappearance at the eV mass scale. Instead, a new CERN neutrino beam would allow a further span in the parameter space together with a refined control of systematics and, more relevant, the measurement of the antineutrino sector, by upgrading the spectrometer with detectors currently under R&D study.Comment: 76 pages, 52 figure

Limits on muon-neutrino to tau-neutrino oscillations induced by a sterile neutrino state obtained by OPERA at the CNGS beam

The OPERA experiment, exposed to the CERN to Gran Sasso $\nu_\mu$ beam, collected data from 2008 to 2012. Four oscillated $\nu_\tau$ Charged Current interaction candidates have been detected in appearance mode, which are consistent with $\nu_\mu \to \nu_\tau$ oscillations at the atmospheric $\Delta m^2$ within the "standard" three-neutrino framework. In this paper, the OPERA $\nu_\tau$ appearance results are used to derive limits on the mixing parameters of a massive sterile neutrino.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures; reference to Planck result updated in the Introduction. Submitted to JHE

First events from the CNGS neutrino beam detected in the OPERA experiment

The OPERA neutrino detector at the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory (LNGS) was designed to perform the first detection of neutrino oscillations in appearance mode, through the study of nu_mu to nu_tau oscillations. The apparatus consists of a lead/emulsion-film target complemented by electronic detectors. It is placed in the high-energy, long-baseline CERN to LNGS beam (CNGS) 730 km away from the neutrino source. In August 2006 a first run with CNGS neutrinos was successfully conducted. A first sample of neutrino events was collected, statistically consistent with the integrated beam intensity. After a brief description of the beam and of the various sub-detectors, we report on the achievement of this milestone, presenting the first data and some analysis results.Comment: Submitted to the New Journal of Physic

Emulsion sheet doublets as interface trackers for the OPERA experiment

New methods for efficient and unambiguous interconnection between electronic counters and target units based on nuclear photographic emulsion films have been developed. The application to the OPERA experiment, that aims at detecting oscillations between mu neutrino and tau neutrino in the CNGS neutrino beam, is reported in this paper. In order to reduce background due to latent tracks collected before installation in the detector, on-site large-scale treatments of the emulsions ("refreshing") have been applied. Changeable Sheet (CSd) packages, each made of a doublet of emulsion films, have been designed, assembled and coupled to the OPERA target units ("ECC bricks"). A device has been built to print X-ray spots for accurate interconnection both within the CSd and between the CSd and the related ECC brick. Sample emulsion films have been extensively scanned with state-of-the-art automated optical microscopes. Efficient track-matching and powerful background rejection have been achieved in tests with electronically tagged penetrating muons. Further improvement of in-doublet film alignment was obtained by matching the pattern of low-energy electron tracks. The commissioning of the overall OPERA alignment procedure is in progress.Comment: 19 pages, 19 figure