Attitudinal change of Japanese and their post-war economic development

The overall human being living in the globe started fearing by witnessing the losses occurred both human life's and their properties during World war - II. Ferociousness, arrogance, and rebellion attitude are the main factors dominated during World war -II. Humanitarian consideration was totally absent, and the soldiers reacted very wild against one country to another. Several lakhs of soldiers have had loss their life's generally, and in particular British soldiers alone 9,47,000. In 1933 Hitler emerge as a great leader led German and worried for the loss occurred for German during World war - 1 and become anger against the Treaty of Versailles agreement which was totally against Germanians. This was ignited Hitler for master plan for World war - II. Because the Treaty of Versailles fix the responsibilities for economic losses under the leadership of America, German, and France, and German was blacklisted country. At the same time Japan was equally dominated on par with America, Brittan, and France. They had proved in all the dimensions as well as all the sectors. Even the great leader Hitler was shocked by seeing the speed and amuse style of attack against America. Japan targeted Paarl Port and the entire developed nation were shocked in Japan made a strong attack on Paarl Port. This incident create a big fear to America and Russia. Hence, the American President Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin of USSR, and Vincent Churchill of Brittan joint together made a mega plan against Japan. This paper made an attempt to identify the socio-economic and human loss occurred in Japan and recovery strategies practiced by them to reach as Number 1 in todays economic condition

Acoustic characterization of jet interaction with launch structures during lift-off

The structures that constitute the environment surrounding the launchvehicle affectthe noise levels experiencedbyit during liftoff. Earlier studies modeled the launch scenario by incorporating a jet impinging on plate geometries,either flat or curved, ignoring contributions from the components of the launch structures such as the launchplatform. Very little is knownaboutthe effect of the structures on the propagationof noise from the jet exhaust towardthe vehicle. This renders any effort to modify them for noise reduction quite challenging. The present study attemptsto address this concern by investigating the contribution of a principal launch structure component, namely, thelaunch platform, toward the acoustic and flowfield around a generic launch vehicle exhausting on a generic jet blastdeflector. The measurements include flowfield visualizations and aeroacoustic measurements using microphones inthe near and far field. The results indicate that the presence of the launch platform increased the noise levelsexperienced by the vehicle beyond certainL∕De. It is also observed that replacing the solid launch platform with aperforated one leads to lower levels of noise compared to the solid one but still higher than the case where launchplatform is absent

DESIGN OF LOW POWER PULSE TRIGGERED FLIP FLOP USING CONDITIONAL PULSE- ENHANCEMENT SCHEME

Volume 2 Issue 1 (January 2014

Evaluation of Invitro Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Syzygium Cumini Bark in Wistar Rats

The study aims at the evaluation of the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic bark extract of Syzygium cumini. The preliminary phytochemical screening of EESC were performed and the results revealed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, triterpenoids, phenols, glycosides, tannins, steroids, alkaloids, saponins, proteins and amino acids. The various phytoconstituents present in the extract is shown in the Table 7. Phenolics and flavanoid normally scavenge the free radicals and play an essential role in prevention and therapy of PTL, and many more diseases by inducing antioxidant defense system, drug metabolizing enzymes, modulating diverse events incellular level and inhibiting inflammation, hyperplasia, proliferation and oxidative DNA damage. Poly phenolic compounds (quercetin, gallic acid, rutin) are natural antioxidants which decreases oxidation of bio molecules essential for life. The total Phenol content present in Syzygium cumini bark extract was found to be 0.714 mg/g equivalent to gallic acid. The total flavanoid content in EESC was found to be 0.0059 mg/g of extract calculated as Quercetin equivalent. Herbal drugs containing radical scavengers are gaining importance in treating oxidative stress related diseases. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extract at different concentration was compared with the standard quercetin. Smaller IC50 value indicates a higher antioxidant potential. The IC50 value of the standard and test extract was found to be 134.47 μg/ml and 240 μg/ml respectively. The higher IC50 values of the sample indicated lesser scavenging activity of the sample when compared with the standard. The study showed the promising radical scavenging activity of the extract due to hydrogen-donating ability of the extract. The ability of the extract to donate hydrogen atoms or electrons to scavenge the radical cation was reflected by the decolourization of ABTS radical cation. The radical scavenging activity of the extract was compared with that of the standard and the IC50 values obtained were 44.495 μg/ml and 97.928 μg/ml for standard and extract respectively. Both doses of extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) exerted a significant inhibition of 15.97% and 36.83% at 1 h, 48.11% and 55.89% at 2 h, 58.46% and 69.09% at 3 h respectively in the histamine induced rat paw edema model. It was observed that the extract was capable of inhibiting edema induced by histamine and the effectiveness for suppression of edema might be due to the ability of extract to inhibit the synthesis, release or action of histamine involved in the inflammation. To improve the safety of this traditional herbal remedy, additional research is needed to define the stability and bioactivity of this product. Therefore, further studies are needed for the isolation and characterization of the active constituents. CONCLUSION: Syzygium cumini Linn (family Myrtaceae) is a well-known bioactive plant in Ayurvedic system of medicine. The present investigation was aimed at determining the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity of ethanolic bark extract of Syzygium cumini. EESC showed significant in-vitro antioxidant activity by terminating the actions of free radicals. The extract was studied for its anti-inflammatory activity using Histamine induced inflammation in which Diclofenac (20mg/kg) was used as the standard. Thus the study proved that the EESC possesses significant (P<0.05) anti-inflammatory activity which was evident with reduction in mean paw edema volume in histamine induced inflammatory models

Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyridine-Thiadiazole Derivatives as Antitubercular Agents Targeting ATP Synthase

On the basis of literature survey, ATP synthase was selected as the antitubercular target for the study. The mechanism of action and reason for selecting ATP synthase was discussed in enzyme profile. A database of 500 molecules were designed based on literature review. ADME and In-silico druglikeness properties of the designed molecules were determined by using the MOLINSPIRATION® tool. The bioactivity prediction was determined using PASS online tool. The molecules were subjected to toxicity assessment by OSIRIS® property explorer tool. Then molecular docking was performed for the 500 molecules against the target protein ATP synthase using AutoDock 4.2.6®. Five molecules with good docking score [lower binding energy] and interactions were taken and optimized for the synthesis. The scheme for the synthesis was developed and the compounds were synthesized with satisfactory yield. Purity of the synthesized compounds was improved by doing recrystallization repeatedly and the purity was evaluated by TLC and melting point for the individual compounds. The characterization of the synthesized compounds was done using Infra-red spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance [1H NMR] spectroscopy methods and Liquid Chromatography- Mass spectrometric methods [LC-MS]. The compounds were screened for in-vitro anti-mycobacterial activity by Microplate Alamar Blue Assay [MABA]. The synthesized compounds showed sensitivity [Minimum Inhibitory Concentration] between 12.5μg/ml to 1.6μg/ml. Compound LK04 possess MIC of 6.25μg/ml and LK05 possess 1.6μg/ml. Standard drugs Streptomycin and Rifampicin show activity at 0.8μg/ml. INH and Ethambutol at 1.6μg/ml, Pyrazinamide at 3.125μg/ml concentrations in same assay procedure. MIC values indicates that LK05 is more potent than Pyrazinamide and equipotent to INH and Ethambutol. All compounds were found to be safe as per the acute toxicity study. CONCLUSION: The work concludes that the novel pyridine-thiadiazole derivatives inhibit the enzyme ATP synthase which is important for energy metabolism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. All the 5 compounds gave docking score between -7 to -9 Kcal/mol which shows good binding affinity to ATP synthase The minimum inhibitory concentration of the 5 synthesized compounds against H37RV ranged from 12.5 to 1.6 μg/ml. The intermediate compound shows 25 μg/ml. The acute toxicity studies revealed that all the compounds found to be safe and non-toxic. Further, structural modification of LK05 is expected to yield promising molecules against the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The assay using pathogenic strain and chronic toxicity are the future prospects of the work

Attention Allocation Aid for Visual Search

This paper outlines the development and testing of a novel, feedback-enabled attention allocation aid (AAAD), which uses real-time physiological data to improve human performance in a realistic sequential visual search task. Indeed, by optimizing over search duration, the aid improves efficiency, while preserving decision accuracy, as the operator identifies and classifies targets within simulated aerial imagery. Specifically, using experimental eye-tracking data and measurements about target detectability across the human visual field, we develop functional models of detection accuracy as a function of search time, number of eye movements, scan path, and image clutter. These models are then used by the AAAD in conjunction with real time eye position data to make probabilistic estimations of attained search accuracy and to recommend that the observer either move on to the next image or continue exploring the present image. An experimental evaluation in a scenario motivated from human supervisory control in surveillance missions confirms the benefits of the AAAD.Comment: To be presented at the ACM CHI conference in Denver, Colorado in May 201

Defense related enzyme induction in coconut by endophytic bacteria (EPC 5)

Endophytic bacteria Bacillus subtilis (EPC 5) was isolated and tested in vitro along with Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf1) and the fungus Trichoderma viride (Tv1) against Ganoderma lucidum (Leys) Karst, the causal agent of basal stem rot on coconut palm. The endophytic bacterial strains namely EPC 5 and EPC 8 showed higher vigor index (germination percentage, root and shoot length) and more inhibition against G. lucidum over un-inoculated control. These strains were confirmed as Bacillus subtilis by biochemical tests, cloning and sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The Bacillus subtilis (EPC 5) along with Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf1) and Trichoderma viride (Tv1) has been tried as bioconsortia against basal stem rot disease under greenhouse conditions. The soil application of bioconsortia enriched with farm yard manure (FYM) enhanced the coconut saplings growth under greenhouse conditions and showed higher induction of defense related enzymes like peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and phenols when challenged with pathogen

Multi-Criteria Service Selection Agent for Federated Cloud

Federated cloud interconnects small and medium-sized cloud service providers for service enhancement to meet demand spikes. The service bartering technique in the federated cloud enables service providers to exchange their services. Selecting an optimal service provider to share services is challenging in the cloud federation. Agent-based and Reciprocal Resource Fairness (RRF) based models are used in the federated cloud for service selection. The agent-based model selects the best service provider using Quality of Service (quality of service). RRF model chooses fair service providers based on service providers\u27 previous service contribution to the federation. However, the models mentioned above fail to address free rider and poor performer problems during the service provider selection process. To solve the above issue, we propose a Multi-criteria Service Selection (MCSS) algorithm for effectively selecting a service provider using quality of service, Performance-Cost Ratio (PCR), and RRF. Comprehensive case studies are conducted to prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Extensive simulation experiments are conducted to compare the proposed algorithm performance with the existing algorithm. The evaluation results demonstrated that MCSS provides 10% more services selection efficiency than Cloud Resource Bartering System (CRBS) and provides 16% more service selection efficiency than RPF