2,057 research outputs found
On dual description of the deformed sigma model
We study dual strong coupling description of integrability-preserving
deformation of the sigma model. Dual theory is described by a coupled
theory of Dirac fermions with four-fermion interaction and bosonic fields with
exponential interactions. We claim that both theories share the same integrable
structure and coincide as quantum field theories. We construct a solution of
Ricci flow equation which behaves in the UV as a free theory perturbed by
graviton operators and show that it coincides with the metric of the
deformed sigma-model after duality transformation
Indirect coupling between spins in semiconductor quantum dots
The optically induced indirect exchange interaction between spins in two
quantum dots is investigated theoretically. We present a microscopic
formulation of the interaction between the localized spin and the itinerant
carriers including the effects of correlation, using a set of canonical
transformations. Correlation effects are found to be of comparable magnitude as
the direct exchange. We give quantitative results for realistic quantum dot
geometries and find the largest couplings for one dimensional systems.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Beyond Wigner's isobaric multiplet mass equation: Effect of charge-symmetry-breaking interaction and Coulomb polarization
The quadratic form of the isobaric multiplet mass equation (IMME), which was
originally suggested by Wigner and has been generally regarded as valid, is
seriously questioned by recent high-precision nuclear mass measurements. The
usual resolution to this problem is to add empirically the cubic and quartic
-terms to characterize the deviations from the IMME, but finding the
origin of these terms remains an unsolved difficulty. Based on a strategy
beyond the Wigner's first-order perturbation, we derive explicitly the cubic
and quartic -terms. These terms are shown to be generated by the effective
charge-symmetry breaking and charge-independent breaking interactions in
nuclear medium combined with the Coulomb polarization effect. Calculations for
the - and lower -shells explore a systematical emergence of the cubic
-term, suggesting a general deviation from the original IMME.
Intriguingly, the magnitude of the deviation exhibits an oscillation-like
behavior with mass number, modulated by the shell effect.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure
Cyclic projectors and separation theorems in idempotent convex geometry
Semimodules over idempotent semirings like the max-plus or tropical semiring
have much in common with convex cones. This analogy is particularly apparent in
the case of subsemimodules of the n-fold cartesian product of the max-plus
semiring it is known that one can separate a vector from a closed subsemimodule
that does not contain it. We establish here a more general separation theorem,
which applies to any finite collection of closed semimodules with a trivial
intersection. In order to prove this theorem, we investigate the spectral
properties of certain nonlinear operators called here idempotent cyclic
projectors. These are idempotent analogues of the cyclic nearest-point
projections known in convex analysis. The spectrum of idempotent cyclic
projectors is characterized in terms of a suitable extension of Hilbert's
projective metric. We deduce as a corollary of our main results the idempotent
analogue of Helly's theorem.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figur
Observation of Non-Exponential Orbital Electron Capture Decays of Hydrogen-Like Pr and Pm Ions
We report on time-modulated two-body weak decays observed in the orbital
electron capture of hydrogen-like Pr and Pm
ions coasting in an ion storage ring. Using non-destructive single ion,
time-resolved Schottky mass spectrometry we found that the expected exponential
decay is modulated in time with a modulation period of about 7 seconds for both
systems. Tentatively this observation is attributed to the coherent
superposition of finite mass eigenstates of the electron neutrinos from the
weak decay into a two-body final state.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure
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