Knowledge and attitudes toward brain death and organ donation in Bojnurd

دانش و نگرش مردم شهر بجنورد (خراسان شمالی) در باره مرگ مغزی و اهدای عض

Model Pelaksanaan Mediasi Melalui Pranata Tutur Pada Masyarakat Batak Muslim Tapanuli Selatan

This article examines the contribution of local culture or costum (adat) in family conflict management among Batak Muslims in Southern Tapanuli. It is very common that marital conflicts ended up in the court. To avoid engaging court to judge a marital conflict within a family, Batak Muslim in Southern Tapanuli utilized Dalihan Na Tolu custom to resolve the problem. Batak Muslims in Southern Tapanuli often mediated the conflicting couples through a process, which is referred to as Tutur. By utilizing anthropological and socio-legal approach, the authors analyze the effectiveness in utilizing Tutur tradition among Batak Muslim family and argue that local costum such as Tutur has still played an effec- tive role in preventing divorce as well as in reconciling conflicting family mem- bers

The cluster M-T relation from temperature profiles observed with ASCA and ROSAT

We calibrate the galaxy cluster mass - temperature relation using the temperature profiles of intracluster gas observed with ASCA (for hot clusters) and ROSAT (for cool groups). Our sample consists of apparently relaxed clusters for which the total masses are derived assuming hydrostatic equilibrium. The sample provides data on cluster X-ray emission-weighted cooling flow-corrected temperatures and total masses up to r_1000. The resulting M-T scaling in the 1-10 keV temperature range is M_1000 = (1.23 +- 0.20)/h_50 10^15 Msun (T/10 keV)^{1.79 +- 0.14} with 90% confidence errors, or significantly (99.99% confidence) steeper than the self-similar relation M propto T^{3/2}. For any given temperature, our measured mass values are significantly smaller compared to the simulation results of Evrard et al. (1996) that are frequently used for mass-temperature scaling. The higher-temperature subsample (kT > 4 keV) is consistent with M propto T^{3/2}, allowing the possibility that the self-similar scaling breaks down at low temperatures, perhaps due to heating by supernovae that is more important for low-temperature groups and galaxies as suggested by earlier works.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, accepted by Ap

The Expected Rate of Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows In Supernova Searches

We predict the rate at which Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) afterglows should be detected in supernova searches as a function of limiting flux. Although GRB afterglows are rarer than supernovae, they are detectable at greater distances because of their higher intrinsic luminosity. Assuming that GRBs trace the cosmic star formation history and that every GRB gives rise to a bright afterglow, we find that the average detection rate of supernovae and afterglows should be comparable at limiting magnitudes brighter than K=18. The actual rate of afterglows is expected to be somewhat lower since only a fraction of all gamma-ray selected GRBs were observed to have associated afterglows. However, the rate could also be higher if the initial gamma-ray emission from GRB sources is more beamed than their late afterglow emission. Hence, current and future supernova searches can place strong constraints on the afterglow appearance fraction and the initial beaming angle of GRB sources.Comment: 13 pages, submitted to ApJ

PKM Kita Jaga Bersama: Kampanye Kebersihan dan Kegiatan Pungut Sampah di Pantai Nirwana Kota Baubau

Pantai Nirwana adalah salah satu kawasan pariwisata populer di Kota Baubau, kunjungan pada destinasi wisata ini selalu ramai baik hari libur ataupun tidak. Sebagaimana sebuah keramaian, maka sampah dan kebersihan adalah sesuatu yang tidak dapat dipisahkan. Kawasan Pantai Nirwana seringkali ditemukan adanya sampah yang menumpuk, yakni sampah yang dihasilkan oleh pengunjung maupun sampah yang terbawa oleh arus laut. Hal ini cukup mengganggu kenyamanan kawasan pantai. Pendekatan yang dilakukan melalui kampanye bersama dan aksi “pungut sampah” sebagai sarana edukasi bersama. Program kegiatan ini betujuan untuk mengkampanyekan komunikasi kebersihan kepada masyarakat dan pengunjung kawasan pantai, harapannya dengan melalui pendekatan kolaborasi kesadaran bersama, maka program “kita jaga bersama” menjadi sarana untuk tata kelola kebersihan dan sampah yang bisa diterapkan di kawasan pantai Nirwana Kota Baubau

High Redshift Supernovae in the Hubble Deep Field

Two supernovae detected in the Hubble Deep Field using the original December 1995 epoch and data from a shorter (63000 s in F814W) December 1997 visit with HST are discussed. The supernovae (SNe) are both associated with distinct galaxies at redshifts of 0.95 (spectroscopic) from Cohen etal. (1996) and 1.32 (photometric) from the work of Fernandez-Soto, Lanzetta, and Yahil (1998). These redshifts are near, in the case of 0.95, and well beyond for 1.32 the greatest distance reported previously for SNe. We show that our observations are sensitive to SNe to z < 1.8 in either epoch for an event near peak brightness. Detailed simulations are discussed that quantify the level at which false events from our search phase would start to to arise, and the completeness of our search as a function of both SN brightness and host galaxy redshift. The number of Type Ia and Type II SNe expected as a function of redshift in the two HDF epochs are discussed in relation to several published predictions and our own detailed calculations. A mean detection frequency of one SN per epoch for the small HDF area is consistent with expectations from current theory.Comment: 62 pages, 17 figures, ApJ 1999 in pres