Discovery of arenig graptolites in the Rioseco Thrust-Sheet (Cantabrian 2one, N. of Spain)

[Resumen] En este trabajo se da a conocer el hallazgo de Azygograptus undulatus CHEN y XIA en un tramo pelítico-arenoso situado por encima de la Cuar,ita de Barrios s.str. dentro de la escama de Rioseco, que se equipara convencionalmente a la «serie de transición» de otras localidades asturianas. La especie mencionada permite atribuir al Arenig estos niveles, siendo la primera vez que se registra su presencia fuera de China.[Abstract] Graptolites have been collected for the first time from the «transitional beds» overlying the Barrios Formation (=.Armorican Quartzite) in a single locality of eastern Asturias (N. Spain), within the Cantabrian zone of the Hesperian Massif (fig. 1). The studied material pertains to a dichograptid species with singlestiped rhabdosome and distinctive prothecal folds (fig. 2). It has been identified and described as Azygograptus undulatus CHEN & XIA, constituting thus the first report of this species outside China

Probing the ZZgamma and Zgammagamma Couplings Through the Process e+e- --> nu anti-nu gamma

We study the sensitivity for testing the anomalous triple gauge couplings $ZZ\gamma$ and $Z\gamma\gamma$ via the process $e^+e^-\to \nu \bar\nu \gamma$ at high energy linear colliders. For integrated luminosities of 500 $fb^{-1}$ and center of mass energies between 0.5 and 1.5 $TeV$, we find that this process can provide tests of the triple neutral gauge boson couplings of order $10^{-4}$, one order of magnitude lower than the standard model prediction.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure

Model-driven in reverse. The practical experience of the AQUA project

Model-Driven Web Engineering (MDWE) is a new paradigm which provides satisfactory results in software development. However, most experiments with MDWE towards the development of software from the requirements to the implementation stages. However, in practice, sometimes software development does not follow this classic path. In this paper, MDWE is presented as a suitable selection in software projects of technological evolution. The AQUA project is a very large and important project which is a fusion of three previous systems. Thus, this project starts with the original code of these three systems. The paper introduces the power of MDWE in this kind of systems.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TIN2007-67843-C06_03Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia IN2007-30391-

Evaluación de la significación estadística y cálculo del intervalo de confianza de la razón de mortalidad estandarizada

ResumenLa razón de mortalidad estandarizada (RME) es la razón entre el número de muertes observadas (D) y el número de muertes esperadas (E), tomando como base las tasas de mortalidad de una población de referencia. En el análisis de la RME han sido propuestos varios tests para la evaluación de su significación estadística y para el cálculo de sus intervalos de confianza.En el presente estudio, donde se han calculado las RME de dos causas de muerte en 27 distritos sanitarios de Castilla-La Mancha, la significación estadística de las diferentes RME se ha valorado mediante un test que utiliza la probabilidad exacta de Poisson y mediante cuatro tests que usan aproximaciones normales a Poisson: 1) cálculo de un estadístico Z basado en la asunción de que una variable de Poisson con media E tiene un error estándar √E; 2) estadístico Z con corrección de continuidad; 3) estadístico Z basado en la transformación de la variable en su raíz cuadrada; y 4) estadístico Z creado por Byar como aproximación al test exacto. Se han obtenido, igualmente, los intervalos de confianza mediante el método exacto y mediante tres métodos aproximados; 1) el de Byar; 2) el basado en el estadístico Z no corregido; y 3) el que se basa en la raíz cuadrada de una variable de Poisson.Los resultados obtenidos con los métodos exactos y con el método Byar son muy similares, por lo que se recomienda la utilización de este último como práctica rutinaria, tanto para la evaluación estadística de una RME, como para el cálculo de sus intervalos de confianzaSummaryThe standardized mortality ratio (SMR) is the ratio of the number of deaths observed (D) to the number expected (E), on the basis of the mortality rates of some reference population. Several procedures have been proposed inorder to test its significance and to estimate its confidence intervals.In this study, the SMR of two causes of death in 27 healths areas of Castilla-La Mancha have been calculated. The significance has been evaluated by exact Poisson test and by four methods approximating the Poisson distribution by the normal: 1) a Z statistic based on the assumption that a Poisson variate with expectation E has a standard deviation equal to √E; 2) the Z statistic with a continuity correction; 3) a Z statistic based on the square root transformation of a Poisson variable and 4) an approximation of the exact test by Byar. Also, theconfidence intervals have been estimated by exact method and by three approximate procedures: 1) by Byar; 2) by Z statistic uncorrected and 3) by the square root transformation of the Poisson distribution.With the exact methods and Byar procedure the results were very similar; therefore, using the last to testing significance and estimate the confidence intervals of SMR, is suggested

Una propuesta integral de evaluación en Ciencias

In the following study, we are going to deal with evaluation problems, one of the aspects in the curriculum that has undergone less changes in the last years. In order to do so, we will analyse critically the way it is done nowadays. Next, we will enunciate a series of force-ideas to propitiate the change in this field of activity. Finally, we will show the ethnographic evaluation pattem, the one we have chosen, going deeply into the methods and techniques for datacollecting more commonly used in this kind of research. Besides, we will try to explain those pattems with examples, mostly taken from our everyday practice with BUP students