EC76-219 Nebraska Swine Report

This 1976 Nebraska Swine Report was prepared by the staff in Animal Science and cooperating departments for use in the Extension and Teaching programs at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Authors from the following areas contributed to this publication: Swine Nutrition, swine diseases, pathology, economics, engineering, swine breeding, meats, agronomy, and diagnostic laboratory. It covers the following areas: breeding, disease control, feeding, nutrition, economics, housing and meats

EC76-219 Nebraska Swine Report

This 1976 Nebraska Swine Report was prepared by the staff in Animal Science and cooperating departments for use in the Extension and Teaching programs at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Authors from the following areas contributed to this publication: Swine Nutrition, swine diseases, pathology, economics, engineering, swine breeding, meats, agronomy, and diagnostic laboratory. It covers the following areas: breeding, disease control, feeding, nutrition, economics, housing and meats

An Exchange System for Precise Measurements of Temperature and Humidity Gradients in the Air Near the Ground

From the Proceedings of the 1979 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Assn. and the Hydrology Section - Arizona - Nevada Academy of Science - April 13,1979, Tempe, ArizonaSmall differences can be very accurately measured with two sensors if precautions are taken to periodically interchange the sensors between observations. The Bowen ratio model of evapotranspiration requires measurements of air temperature and humidity gradients near the evaporating surface. The gradients are in the order of only 0.1 °C/m or 10 Pa/m. Precision in excess of 0.01 °C/m or 1 Pa/m can be obtained only through laborious calibration and replication of instruments, or through periodic interchange. The design of a simple system for interchanging psychrometers is described. The system will exchange sensors between two levels one meter apart at selected time intervals. The vertical exchange path of this design maintains a constant orientation of the sensors and has important advantages over rotating systems used elsewhere. The principles apply to a variety of measurement problems.This article is part of the Hydrology and Water Resources in Arizona and the Southwest collections. Digital access to this material is made possible by the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science and the University of Arizona Libraries. For more information about items in this collection, contact [email protected]

Effect of Dietary Fat on Pig Performance and Dust Levels in Modified-Open-Front and Environmentally Regulated Confinement Buildings

Four trials were conducted with 1,480 pigs (initial wt: 23 kg in trial 1, 29 kg in trial 2 and 49 kg in trial 3 and 4) to determine the effect of dietary fat on pig performance, nutrient separation in an automated feed distribution system, dust levels in swine buildings and integrity of the respiratory system of swine. Two modified-open-front (B-1 and B-2) and two environmentally regulated (E-1 and E-2) growing-finishing buildings, of identical design, were used in each trial. In trial 1,250 pigs (25 pens of 10 pigs/pen) in B-1 were fed a ground, mixed, corn-soybean meal diet (15% crude protein) with added tallow (5%), and 250 pigs in B-2 were fed the same diet but without added tallow. The assignment of diets to buildings were reversed in trial 2 in which 2.5% tallow was used instead of 5%. Each diet was fed ad libitum to pigs, and was distributed by an automated Flexauger system in trials 1 and 2. In each of trials 3 and 4, 120 pigs (12 pens of 10 pigs/pen) in E-1 were fed a corn-soybean meal diet (14% crude protein) with added tallow (5%) and 120 pigs in E-2 were fed the same diet but without added tallow. Overall, pigs fed the diet with tallow gained faster (P\u3c.O02), consumed less feed (P\u3c.02) and converted feed more efficiently (P\u3c.OO2) than those fed the diet without tallow in trials 1 and 2. Pig performance was also improved by the addition of tallow to the diet in trims 3 and 4 (P\u3c.O02). Crude protein, Ca, P and Ca contents of both diets were similar at each location sampled throughout the automated distribution system in trials 1 and 2. Addition of tallow to the diets reduced aerial dust levels, both with the feed distribution auger running (P\u3c.002) and without the auger running (P=.06) in trials 1 and 2. In trials 3 and 4, adding 5% tallow to the diet reduced aerial dust concentrations of particle sizes of 14, 4, and 1.5 Wm (P\u3c.O02) and .4/~m (P=.07). The amount of settled dust was lower (P\u3c.O01, trials 1, 3 and 4) when tallow was included in the diet. There was no difference between the two dietary treatments in the incidence of abnormal turbinates in all four trials. There was a trend for pigs fed the diet without tallow to have more severe forms of lung lesions than those fed the diet with tallow in trials 1 and 3. The results of microscopic examination and crude protein analysis of settled dust indicated that the swine-house dust was mainly feed dust