Factors Related to Occupational Contact Dermatitis on Workers Exposed to Chemicals Used at Industrial Automotive Company

Occupational contact dermatitis is one of skin disease in industrial settings which may reduce worker productivities. The occupational contact dermatitis occurs when workers are come into contact with chemicals at part of the worker’s body. This chemical contact could lead to an occupational contact dermatitis. The objective of this research is to investigate factors related to the occupational contact dermatitis at the worker who come into contact with chemicals used in industrial automotive company in Indonesia, Cibitung Jawa Barat. The study design is a descriptive research. The research subjects were selected using a stratified random sampling, and the total subjects were 54 person. The data were collected based on physical examination by a medical doctor, and the research questionnaire. Result from this study indicated that 74% (40 workers) experience dermatitis contact: acute dermatitis contact 26% (14 workers), sub acute 39% (21 workers), and chronic 9% (5 workers). Furthermore, data analysis using a multivariate statistical analysis indicated that there are three major factors related to the occurence of contact dermatitis: duration of contact, frequency of contact and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) particularly gloves. In conclusion, incidence rate of occupational dermatitis contact at industrial setting is 65%/100 worker, and prevalence rate of occupational dermatitis contact at industrial setting is 74%/100 worker. In order to minimize the occupational contact dermatitis it is recommended to raise the workers awareness, the correct type of gloves used specifically to the type of chemicals, as well as improving the workers knowledge

Analysis of Heavy Metals Distribution in the River Town of Hamasaki\u27s Rod Padangsidimpuan

Systems of waste management in Padangsidimpuan City is an open dumping system. The location of the Padangsidimpuan City landfill is carried out at the Batu Bola TPA located in Batu Bola Village which is 120 meters from the Batang Ayumi river flow. Continuous landfill in the landfill produces pollutants in the form of leachate. Leachate contains organic materials and heavy metals. Heavy metals that are often found in leachate water are Iron (Fe) cadmium (Cd) and Zinc (Zn). This research aims to know the quality of the water of the Batang Ayumi river in terms of the content of heavy metals Cd, Zn, and Fe. This research uses descriptive exploratory method by conducting a survey first. The determination of the sampling location using purposive sampling method at four stations specified. River water sampling is carried out twice, before and after rain. This research uses an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer tool. The data obtained were analyzed by comparing research data with water quality standards based on PP. No. 82 of 2001 to look at the conditions of the heavy metal pollution of Cd, Zn and Fe. The results of this study showed that the average concentration of the metal content Cd, Zn and Fe werw below the specified quality threshold, namely the concentration of metal Cd of all stations is 0.0009 mg/l, a concentration of metal Fe is 0.03 mg/l, and concentration of Zn metal is 0.0002 mg/l

Pengaruh Penggunaan Rhizobium Dan Penambahan Mulsa Organik Jerami Padi Pada Tanaman Kedelai Hitam (Glycine Max (L) Merril) Varietas Detam 1

Kedelai hitam (Glycine max (L) Merril) merupakan tanaman asli Asia tropis seperti Asia Tenggara. Dengan menanam kedelai di sawah, dapat mengembalikan kesuburan tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mempelajari pengaruh aplikasi mulsa organik jerami padi dan berbagai dosis Rhizobium pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai hitam (Glycine max (L) Merril). Penelitian dilaksanakan di desa Kedungmaling, kecamatan Sooko, Kabupaten Mojokerto. Ketinggian tempat pada lokasi penelitian 33 mdpl dengan suhu harian berkisar antara 27ºC. Lahan yang digunakan merupakan lahan bekas tanaman padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2013 hingga Oktober 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut terdiri dari P1=kontrol, P2=Mulsa jerami padi, P3= Rhizobium dengan dosis 5 g kg-1 benih kedelai, P4=Rhizobium dengan dosis 3 gr kg-1 benih kedelai, P5= Mulsa jerami padi dan Rhizobium dengan dosis 5 g kg-1 benih kedelai dan P6= Mulsa jerami padi dan Rhizobium dengan dosis 3 g kg-1 benih kedelai. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada perlakuan P5 mampu meningkatkan hasil tanaman kedelai hitam varietas Detam 1. Peningkatan hasil pada tanaman kedelai hitam varietas Detam 1 pada perlakuan P5 mencapai 27,38%. Sedangkan perlakuan yang menunjukkan hasil terendah dalam penelitian ini ialah pada perlakuan P1 (kontrol)

Risk Model Development and Validation for Prediction of Coronary Artery Aneurysms in Kawasaki Disease in a North American Population.

Background Accurate prediction of coronary artery aneurysms ( CAAs ) in patients with Kawasaki disease remains challenging in North American cohorts. We sought to develop and validate a risk model for CAA prediction. Methods and Results A binary outcome of CAA was defined as left anterior descending or right coronary artery Z score ≥2.5 at 2 to 8 weeks after fever onset in a development cohort (n=903) and a validation cohort (n=185) of patients with Kawasaki disease. Associations of baseline clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic variables with later CAA were assessed in the development cohort using logistic regression. Discrimination (c statistic) and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow) of the final model were evaluated. A practical risk score assigning points to each variable in the final model was created based on model coefficients from the development cohort. Predictors of CAAs at 2 to 8 weeks were baseline Z score of left anterior descending or right coronary artery ≥2.0, age <6 months, Asian race, and C-reactive protein ≥13 mg/ dL (c=0.82 in the development cohort, c=0.93 in the validation cohort). The CAA risk score assigned 2 points for baseline Z score of left anterior descending or right coronary artery ≥2.0 and 1 point for each of the other variables, with creation of low- (0-1), moderate- (2), and high- (3-5) risk groups. The odds of CAA s were 16-fold greater in the high- versus the low-risk groups in the development cohort (odds ratio, 16.4; 95% CI , 9.71-27.7 [ P<0.001]), and >40-fold greater in the validation cohort (odds ratio, 44.0; 95% CI, 10.8-180 [ P<0.001]). Conclusions Our risk model for CAA in Kawasaki disease consisting of baseline demographic, laboratory, and echocardiographic variables had excellent predictive utility and should undergo prospective testing