Concentration Test of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) Leaf Extracts on Growth, Years and Severity Leaf Blight Disease of Red Onion(Allium ascalonicum L.) Plant

This study presents an investigation into the optimal concentration of binahong (Anredera cordifolia) extract for enhancing the growth, yield, and mitigating leaf blight in shallots. Conducted within a controlled environment at a well-established laboratory, the experiment employed a completely randomized design (CRD) to evaluate the effects of five different concentrations of binahong leaf extract. Data analysis included variance tests, and when significant effects were identified, Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT) was employed to further examine the results. The findings demonstrate that a 30% concentration of binahong (Anredera cordifolia) extract significantly improves growth, yield, and effectively suppresses the development of Red onion(Allium ascalonicum L.)  leaf blight. Moreover, this concentration resulted in a wet tuber weight per hill of 76.30 g. These insights contribute to the development of sustainable agricultural practices and offer a promising alternative to chemical-based treatments for managing crop diseases, thereby advancing our understanding of the potential applications of binahong (Anredera cordifolia) extract in agricultural settings

Application of Threshold Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (TGARCH) Model in Forecasting the LQ45 Stock Price Return

Economics is one of the most important fields for a country. One of the activities that illustrate the importance of the economy in a country is an investment. Investment activities, especially stock investment, are included in the capital market activities that various age groups currently carry out. Stocks are generally known to have high-risk, high-return characteristics. Therefore we need a way to minimize losses in investing. This study uses time series analysis theory to analyze LQ45 stock data.The data used is the closing price of PT. Bank Central Asia, Tbk. obtained from finance.Yahoo.com. The results of this study indicate that the return of daily closing price data of PT. Bank Central Asia, Tbk. during the period 2017-2021, there are heteroscedasticity and asymmetric shocks, so variations of the ARCH/GARCH model are needed to obtain accurate forecasting results. One suitable model is Threshold GARCH (TGARCH). The results of this study indicate that the suitable forecasting model for the data is the MA(3)-TGARCH(1,1) model. The model produces forecasts with an accuracy rate based on MAPE of 0.895% for the next seven day

Effect of Nutrient Solution Temperature and Varieties on Growth and Yield of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) with Nutrient Film Technique System

Lettuce plants are cool-season leaf vegetables, if grown in areas near the city center with high temperatures can reduce the quantity and quality of the yield. The low temperature in the root zone in the hydroponic system was the solution. This experiment aimed to determine the effect of nutrient solution temperature and variety on the growth and yield of lettuce plants in the nutrient film technique (NFT) system. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design with 6 treatments (a combination of solution temperatures 25, 16, and 10 ℃; Red and Green lettuce). The result showed no significant effect of the treatment on the number of leaves 0-20 days after planting (DAP) and root length. Nutrient solution temperature +10 ℃ gave the best response to the number of leaves (13.08 sheets), plant height (20.80 cm), root volume (18.88 mL), and fresh weight (137.08 g) of green lettuce plants

Potential of Colicin as an Antibacterial Agent in Escherichia coli

The development of antibiotics calls for the critical consideration of instances of resistance. Infectious disorders brought on by resistant bacterial infections could affect the entire world. It is believed that the protein that the bacteria generate may one day replace antibiotics as an alternative antibacterial agent. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have the ability to manufacture bacteriocin. The bacteriocin type produced by Escherichia coli, notably colicin, has been demonstrated to inhibit the same bacteria through various essential methods. Colicin, a substance made by an E. coli cell, is also capable of protecting itself from attack; however, this defense mechanism has not yet been identified. The traits of colicin and the method by which it functions as a different antimicrobial agent to inhibit other bacteria will be covered in this article. We analyze the potential of colicin as an antibacterial agent in E. coli using PRISMA methods from diverse academic sources. Here, we found that the structure of the colicin, namely its central receptor domain, aids in the recognition of target cells. Promising results were found in recent studies on the antibacterial effects of the E. coli and colicin combinatio

Design of a Sky Camera-Based Cloud Monitoring Camera at the Agam Space and Atmospheric Observation Station, Bukit Kototabang

Indonesia is a center of convection and acts as a driving force for global atmospheric circulation due to its geographical position. Moreover, Kototabang Hill is one of the national strategic areas in the equatorial atmospheric observation room with limited cloud cover data so that tools and development are needed to meet these data needs. Sky Camera for the purpose of observing clouds (Cloud Camera) is urgently needed to complement the need for cloud cover data to support observation and research activities in the field of the atmosphere. The Cloud Camera design is done by modifying the CCD Camera with several supporting devices including fish eye, solar tracker, sun filter and dome. Evaluation of the urgency of these enhancements is discussed in this paper. Among the four combinations of using supporting instruments (dome and sun filter) for the Cloud Camera device, the best image obtained is the device that uses a sun filter and without a dome. Among the four combinations of using supporting instruments (dome and sun filter) for the Cloud Camera device, the best image obtained is the device that uses a sun filter and without a dome

Application of The Fuel Estimation Simulator (The Bung Tomo Training Ship)

Developing new routes in the shipping business, the calculation uses the formula determined by the Minister of Transportation No.  KM.  58 of 2003. However, this manual calculation takes a long time, and the possibility of human error is large.  So, we need a more effective and efficient way to calculate the fuel needed to cover a certain distance.  In this study, a simulator was developed that uses the spherical triangle concept to determine the distance and direction of the ship and then integrates it with the formula to get the results of the fuel calculation.  From the results of trials using the Bung Tomo Training Ship, the results of calculations are faster and more accurate.  The simulator positively affects cadets when applied in applied mathematics classes (85% through response questionnaire results and 87% competency test)

N-1 Security Contingency Analysis through the IEEE Bus Application Performance Index Method 9

This research is to test the N-1 security contingency analysis using the IEEE 9 bus application performance index method. In this study, the N-1 contingency was carried out where only one discharge between buses occurred which was implemented on the IEEE 9 bus system using the Newton Raphson power flow method. . From the results of the power flow calculation, the active power value of the channel is taken with the maximum iteration limit that has been determined to achieve a convergent value in the method. Channel ranking is based on Performance Index (PI) values. PI calculation is done every channel release with the help of Etap 12.6 software. In the first channel discharge scenario, the largest PI value is found on channels 9-8 with PI 3.0658 because the bus is overloaded. Not all channels are overloaded when a channel is released, one of which is still able to accommodate the load, this occurs on channels 3 Bus 7 to Bus 8 of 0.5418. Then to overcome these advantages added loading power so as not to become too heavy and the value of the performance index is reduced

Exploring Cosmological Dynamics: From FLRW Universe to Cosmic Microwave Background Fluctuations

This study explores key aspects of cosmology, starting with the foundational FLRW equations that describe the universe's evolution, emphasizing its homogeneity and isotropy. We incorporate mass viscosity into these equations, shedding light on its role in shaping the universe. Observations of Type Ia supernovae inform our understanding of cosmological parameters, including the Hubble rate and dark energy's effects on cosmic expansion. Cosmic Microwave Background fluctuations are analyzed for insights into cosmic structure. Baryon Acoustic Oscillations provide additional data for estimating critical parameters. We also examine the Hubble Parameter to understand its relation to cosmological parameters. Lastly, we introduce statefinder analysis, unveiling the universe's behavior through key indicators like "r" and "s." This study offers comprehensive insights into cosmology and the universe's evolution

Third-Generation cephalosporins (3GC) and Fluoroquinolones (FQ) Co-Resistance in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) from Clinical and Community Isolates

The growing AMR issue affects the current antimicrobial therapy recommendations, particularly for broad-spectrum antibiotics, like third-generation cephalosporins (3GC) and fluoroquinolones (FQ). Actually, the inappropriate use of both antibiotics in clinical and community settings increase the resistance of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec). Although ESBL-Ec is used as a surveillance indicator of bacterial resistance, but currently studies related to 3GC-FQ co-resistance among clinical and community (including human and wastewater samples) based ESBL-Ec isolation, have not been widely carried out. The objective of this study was to analyze the possibility and mechanism of 3GC-FQ co-resistance among ESBL-Ec, in human clinical and communal isolates from previous published research. Out of 257 articles screened, four studies in accordance with our study are included in the analysis. The result indicated that ESBL-Ec derived from all sample sources had 3GC-FQ co-resistance. According to two studies reviewed, blaCTX-M was the most predominant ESBL gene, while the FQ-associated resistant gene dominated by qnr family genes. Resistant genes and co-resistant ESBL-Ec can be spread rapidly through plasmids

SARS-CoV-2 Proteases: Role and Potential as Drug Target

The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has become a long global pandemic caused by a transmitted and pathogenic virus called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Even though WHO has retracted the global emergency status of COVID-19, it remains a threat. Various antiviral treatments are being devised and developed due to the coronavirus's high rate of mutation and need to create more effective treatments for infections. Protease is an important part of the life cycle of SARS CoV-2 hence it is intended as an antiviral target. Several protease inhibitor candidates have been identified, but there is still much to learn, including the structure and mechanism by which these inhibitors inhibit protease. This article investigates the function of proteases in the SARS CoV-2 life cycle and the mechanism of protease inhibition. Past and present research on the protease inhibitor mechanism of action was evaluated in order to generate this literature review. Here we found that the main protease (Mpro), one of SARS-CoV's proteases, is highly conserved among coronaviruses and has no human homolog. As a result, numerous Mpro inhibitors have been developed in an effort to treat COVID-19. PAXLOVID, an Mpro inhibitor, is already approved by FDA for emergency use