Propietats de coordinació de Tripeptide-9-citrulline

Tripeptide-9 Citrulline (INCI name) is a peptide with skin care properties, used for cosmetic applications. In order to elucidate its mechanism of action in the chemical pathways that involve metal ions, its ability to complex such ions was investigated using spectrophotometrical, electrochemical and electrophoretical techniques. The obtained results using Cu(II) as metal ion were consistent with the formation of a complex between Tripeptide-9 Citrulline and Cu(II). Cyclic voltammetry revealed a significant change in the electrochemical potentials. In-vitro electrophoretic studies served as a proof of concept that Tripeptide-9 Citrulline may protect DNA from radical degradation induced by the Fenton reaction.Tripeptide-9-citrulline (nombre INCI) es un péptido para el cuidado de la piel, usado en aplicaciones cosméticas. Para elucidar su mecanismo de acción en aquellas vías químicas que implican iones metálicos, se ha estudiado su capacidad para formar complejos metálicos. Dicho estudio se ha llevado a cabo utilizando técnicas espectrofotométricas, electroquímicas y electroforéticas. Los resultados obtenidos, usando Cu (II) como ión metálico, son consistentes con la formación de un complejo entre Tripeptide-9-citrulline y el ion metálico. La voltametría cíclica ha revelado un cambio significativo en los potenciales electroquímicos. Finalmente se ha demostrado mediante experimentos de electroforéticos que Tripeptide-9-citrulline podría proteger el ADN de la degradación inducida por los radicales producidos en la reacción de Fenton.Tripeptide-9-citrulline (Nom INCI) és un pèptid usat en aplicacions cosmètiques que tenen cura de la pell. Per a elucidar el seu mecanisme d’acció en aquelles vies químiques que involucren ions metàl·lics, s‘ha estudiat la seva capacitat per a format complexos metàl·lics. Aquest estudi s’ha dut a terme utilizant tècniques espectrofotomètriques, electroquímiques i electroforètiques. Els resultats obtinguts, emprant (II) com a ió metàl·lic, són consistents amb la formació d’un complex entre Tripeptide-9-citrulline i el ió metàl·lic. La voltametria cíclica revela un canvi significatiu entre els potencials electroquímics. Finalment, s’ha demostrat mitjançant experiments electroforètics que Tripeptide-9-citrulline podria protegir l’ADN de la degradació induïda pels radicals produïts en la reacció de Fenton

Mitogenomes from Egyptian Cattle Breeds: New Clues on the Origin of Haplogroup Q and the Early Spread of Bos taurus from the Near East

Background Genetic studies support the scenario that Bos taurus domestication occurred in the Near East during the Neolithic transition about 10 thousand years (ky) ago, with the likely exception of a minor secondary event in Italy. However, despite the proven effectiveness of whole mitochondrial genome data in providing valuable information concerning the origin of taurine cattle, until now no population surveys have been carried out at the level of mitogenomes in local breeds from the Near East or surrounding areas. Egypt is in close geographic and cultural proximity to the Near East, in particular the Nile Delta region, and was one of the first neighboring areas to adopt the Neolithic package. Thus, a survey of mitogenome variation of autochthonous taurine breeds from the Nile Delta region might provide new insights on the early spread of cattle rearing outside the Near East. Methodology Using Illumina high-throughput sequencing we characterized the mitogenomes from two cattle breeds, Menofi (N = 17) and Domiaty (N = 14), from the Nile Delta region. Phylogenetic and Bayesian analyses were subsequently performed. Conclusions Phylogenetic analyses of the 31 mitogenomes confirmed the prevalence of haplogroup T1, similar to most African cattle breeds, but showed also high frequencies for haplogroups T2, T3 and Q1, and an extremely high haplotype diversity, while Bayesian skyline plots pointed to a main episode of population growth ~12.5 ky ago. Comparisons of Nile Delta mitogenomes with those from other geographic areas revealed that (i) most Egyptian mtDNAs are probably direct local derivatives from the founder domestic herds which first arrived from the Near East and the extent of gene flow from and towards the Nile Delta region was limited after the initial founding event(s); (ii) haplogroup Q1 was among these founders, thus proving that it underwent domestication in the Near East together with the founders of the T clades

Thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome following adenovirus vector-based vaccines to prevent COVID-19: epidemiology and clinical presentation in Spain

[Resumen] Introducción. Se describen las características epidemiológicas y clínicas de los casos de síndrome de trombosis con trombocitopenia (STT) notificados en España. Métodos. Se incluyeron los casos de trombosis venosa o arterial con trombocitopenia tras recibir vacuna con vectores de adenovirus no replicantes frente a la COVID-19 (AstraZeneca y Janssen) del 1 de febrero al 26 de septiembre de 2021. Se describe la tasa de notificación (número de casos notificados/número de dosis administradas), y el análisis de casos observados vs. esperados (O/E). Se evaluaron los predictores de mortalidad. Resultados. Se notificaron 61 casos, cumpliendo 45 los criterios de elegibilidad, 82% mujeres. La tasa de notificación global fue 4/1.000.000 dosis y 14-15/1.000.000 dosis entre los 30-49 años. El número de casos de trombosis de senos cerebrales observados fue 6-18 veces superior al esperado en menores de 49 años. Los síntomas comenzaron 10 (rango intercuartílico: 7-14) días tras la vacunación. El 80% (intervalo de confianza [IC] al 95%: 65-90%) tenía trombocitopenia en el momento de su visita a urgencias y el 65% (IC 95%: 49-78%) elevación del dímero D (> 2.000 ng/mL). La trombosis fue de múltiples localizaciones en 36% y fatal en 24% de los pacientes. Un valor nadir de trombocitopenia < 50.000 /μL (odds ratio [OR]: 7,4; IC 95%: 1,2-47,5) y la presencia de hemorragia cerebral (OR: 7,9; IC 95%: 1,3-47,0) se asociaron a un desenlace fatal. Conclusiones. Debe sospecharse el STT en pacientes que presenten síntomas unos 10 días tras la vacunación y presenten trombocitopenia y/o elevación de dímero D.[Abstract] Background: We describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) cases reported in Spain. Methods: We included all venous or arterial thrombosis with thrombocytopenia following adenovirus vector-based vaccines (AstraZeneca or Janssen) to prevent COVID-19 disease between February 1st and September 26th, 2021. We describe the crude rate and the standardized morbidity ratio. We assessed the predictors of mortality. Results: Sixty-one cases were reported and 45 fulfilled eligibility criteria, 82% women. The crude TTS rate was 4/1,000,000 doses and 14-15/1,000,000 doses between 30-49 years. The number of observed cases of cerebral venous thrombosis was 6-18 higher than the expected in patients younger than 49 years. Symptoms started 10 (interquartile range (IQR): 7-14) days after vaccination. Eighty percent (95% confidence interval (CI): 65-90%) had thrombocytopenia at the time of the emergency department visit, and 65% (95% CI: 49-78%) had D-dimer >2000 ng/mL. Patients had multiple location thrombosis in 36% and fatal outcome in 24% cases. A platelet nadir <50,000 /μL (odds ratio (OR): 7.4; CI 95%: 1.2-47.5) and intracranial hemorrhage (OR: 7.9; IC95%: 1.3-47.0) were associated with fatal outcome. Conclusion: TTS must be suspected in patients with symptoms 10 days after vaccination and thrombocytopenia and/or D-dimer increase

Efficient Production of HIV-1 Virus-Like Particles from a Mammalian Expression Vector Requires the N-Terminal Capsid Domain

It is now well accepted that the structural protein Pr55Gag is sufficient by itself to produce HIV-1 virus-like particles (VLPs). This polyprotein precursor contains different domains including matrix, capsid, SP1, nucleocapsid, SP2 and p6. In the present study, we wanted to determine by mutagenesis which region(s) is essential to the production of VLPs when Pr55Gag is inserted in a mammalian expression vector, which allows studying the protein of interest in the absence of other viral proteins. To do so, we first studied a minimal Pr55Gag sequence called Gag min that was used previously. We found that Gag min fails to produce VLPs when expressed in an expression vector instead of within a molecular clone. This failure occurs early in the cell at the assembly of viral proteins. We then generated a series of deletion and substitution mutants, and examined their ability to produce VLPs by combining biochemical and microscopic approaches. We demonstrate that the matrix region is not necessary, but that the efficiency of VLP production depends strongly on the presence of its basic region. Moreover, the presence of the N-terminal domain of capsid is required for VLP production when Gag is expressed alone. These findings, combined with previous observations indicating that HIV-1 Pr55Gag-derived VLPs act as potent stimulators of innate and acquired immunity, make the use of this strategy worth considering for vaccine development

Informe: Derecho del trabajo y de la seguridad social en España en 2013. Algunos puntos críticos

Este documento intenta reflejar algunos de los principales cambios y novedades del ordenamiento laboral español en 2013, levantando acta de cómo la mutabilidad de nuestro Derecho del Trabajo es imparable. Este informe, consciente de ello, ofrece una selección de elementos esenciales, a juicio de sus autores, especialistas en cada una de las materias, encuadrados en la Sección Juvenil de la Asociación Española de Derecho del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social. En él, conforme a la organización de dicha Sección en grupos de trabajo, se abordan las novedades más relevantes en materia de derechos fundamentales inespecíficos, contratación laboral, vicisitudes del contrato de trabajo, Derecho colectivo, conciliación y corresponsabilidad, protección social y prevención de riesgos laborales. This paper tries to show some of the many changes and novelties in Spanish Labour Law during 2013, drawing up a record of the unstoppable character of our Labour legal system. This report offers a selection of essential elements, according to its authors, all of them specialists in each one of the subjects, being part of the Young Scholars’ Section of the Spanish Association for Labour and Social Security Law. According to the organization of the said Section in working groups, we can find novelties concerning unspecific fundamental rights, work contracts, the life of the work contract and collective Labour Law, reconciliation and co responsibility, social protection and occupational risk prevention

El derecho del trabajo y de la seguridad social en España en 2014

Este documento intenta reflejar algunos de los principales cambios y novedades del ordenamiento laboral español en 2014, levantando acta de cómo la mutabilidad de nuestro Derecho del Trabajo es imparable. Este informe, consciente de ello, ofrece una selección de elementos esenciales, a juicio de sus autores, especialistas en cada una de las materias, encuadrados en la Sección Juvenil de la Asociación Española de Derecho del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social. En él, conforme a la organización de dicha Sección en grupos de trabajo, se abordan las novedades más relevantes en materia de derechos fundamentales inespecíficos, contratación laboral, vicisitudes del contrato de trabajo, Derecho colectivo, conciliación y corresponsabilidad, protección social y prevención de riesgos laborales. This paper tries to show some of the many changes and novelties in Spanish Labour Law during 2014, drawing up a record of the unstoppable character of our Labour legal system. This report offers a selection of essential elements, according to its authors, all of them specialists in each one of the subjects, being part of the Young Scholars’ Section of the Spanish Association for Labour and Social Security Law. According to the organization of the said Section in working groups, we can find novelties concerning unspecific fundamental rights, work contracts, the life of the work contract and collective Labour Law, work-life balance and co responsibility, social protection and occupational risk prevention