Formulasi Tablet Hisap Ekstrak Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Sebagai Antioksidan Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Gelatin Sebagai Bahan Pengikat

Peel of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) contains xanthones especially α-mangostin which have antioxidant activity. The aim on this study was to determine the physical of lozenges extract from mangosteen peel with variation concentration of gelatin 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%, also to determine the effect formulations of powder into lozenges made with wet granulation method to the percentage reduction of the free radical. The ability of neutralizing free radicals were tested by treating the extract in DPPH with ratio of 3:1. Results showed the tablet hardness were 10.75 kg, 11.13 kg, 11.94 kg, 12.14 kg and 12.35 kg. The friability were 0.84%, 0.73%, 0.71%, 0.60% and 0.50%. Time soluble of the tablet were 7.05 minutes, 9.44 minutes, 9.57 minutes, 11.51 minutes and 13.62 minutes, respectively. Data was analyzed by oneway ANOVA with 95% confidence level. The results showed that all formulas gave better physical properties on granules and tablets produced. Higher concentration of gelatin decreased friability, increased hardness and time-soluble of lozenges. Formula 5 showed the best physical tablet. Percentage reduction of free radicals of extract with DPPH decreased 70.72% after formulated into lozenges

Pengaruh Pemberian Variasi Campuran Sorbitol Dan Glukosa Cair Sebagai Pemanis Pada Sediaan Gummy Candy Parasetamol

Gummy candy parasetamol adalah sediaan permen Kenyal mengandung parasetamol yang ditujukan untuk hancur dan larut di dalam mulut. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi campuran pemanis sorbitol dan glukosa cair terhadap sifat fisik sediaan gummy candy parasetamol. Pembuatan sediaan menggunakan metode cetak tuang dengan perbandingan konsentrasi sorbitol dan glukosa cair: 50:50, 40:60, 30:70, 20:80, dan 10:90%. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan deskriptif non analitik. Hasil uji sifat fisik dan uji stabilitas fisik sediaan dengan parameter bentuk, rasa, aroma, tekstur, pengamatan kekakuan, pengamatan kristal, dan pH sediaan. Formula 1 (50:50%) memiliki rasa yang sedikit manis dan stabil dalam penyimpanan selama sebulan di climatic chamber suhu 25oC dibandingkan formula yang lain. Hasil persentase uji hedonik (bentuk, rasa dan aroma) pada 28 responden dari formula 1 sampai formula 5 berturut-turut: 25; 60,7; 3,5; 0, dan 10,7%. Semakin tinggi kadar sorbitol maka sediaan yang dihasilkan semakin manis dan meningkatkan kekerasan. Sedangkan semakin tinggi kadar glukosa cair maka sediaan semakin Kenyal dan mencegah kerusakan tekstur gummy candy parasetamo

Analisis Kemiripan Suara Pada Efek Gitar Menggunakan Metode Cosine SimilarityGuitar is musikal instruments that popular

in our society, it is also become identity of some music genre. There fore now days some people tries to sreated tools that can change chareacteristic of guitar’s sound that called Effect.but in fact,, the prince of effect is to expensive for student and beginner. Because that, the reasearcher try to make the effect’s handmade and find the similar with effect from factory.. The purpose of this reasearch is to compare the similarity, the researcher recorded the guitar’s sound with parameters setting of effect with variety. A single tone from recording will save with Wav format and then reseahrcer try to find the similarity mathematically by using Cosine similarity and using data of respondents I this case is human udability to compare the similarities. The average socre of similarity from the whole objects of the research showed, cosine similarity result close to 0 from numbers ranging -1 to 1. And the value distance cosine result close to 1 from numbers ranging 0 to 2. And more than 60% questionnaire data explain, the result in compiring the sound of guitar effect custom with BOSS M25 is quite similar

Synthesis and characterization of hematite (α-Fe2O3) from lathe waste using co-precipitation -calcination method

Lathe waste contains high iron, therefore it has the potential to be a precursor in hematite (-Fe2O3) synthesis. In this work, hematite was synthesized from lathe waste using the co-precipitation-calcination method with variation time of calcination: 1, 2, 3, 4 hours. The X-Ray diffraction data showed that the goethite (-FeOOH) phase was obtained at precipitation stage then transformed to hematite (-Fe2O3) phase after calcination and there is no impurities. The image of scanning electron microscopy showed that the distribution of particle size was not uniform. The color parameter showed that the highest chroma was achieved for 3 hours calcination

Predicting Shear Capacity of NSC and HSC Slender Beams Using Artificial Intelligence

The use of high-strength concrete (HSC) has significantly increased over the last decade, especially in offshore structures, long-span bridges, and tall buildings. The behavior of such concrete is noticeably different from that of normal-strength concrete (NSC) due to its different microstructure and mode of failure. In particular, the shear capacity of structural members made of HSC is a concern and must be carefully evaluated. The shear fracture surface in HSC members is usually trans-granular (propagates across coarse aggregates) and is therefore smoother than that in NSC members, which reduces the effect of shear transfer mechanisms through aggregate interlock across cracks, thus reducing the ultimate shear strength. Current code provisions for shear design are mainly based on experimental results obtained on NSC members having compressive strength of up to 50MPa. The validity of such methods to calculate the shear strength of HSC members is still questionable. In this study, a new approach based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used to predict the shear capacity of NSC and HSC beams without shear reinforcement. Shear capacities predicted by the ANN model were compared to those of five other methods commonly used in shear investigations: the ACI method, the CSA simplified method, Response 2000, Eurocode-2, and Zsutty\u27s method. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the ability of ANNs to capture the effect of main shear design parameters (concrete compressive strength, amount of longitudinal reinforcement, beam size, and shear span to depth ratio) on the shear capacity of reinforced NSC and HSC beams. It was found that the ANN model outperformed all other considered methods, providing more accurate results of shear capacity, and better capturing the effect of basic shear design parameters. Therefore, it offers an efficient alternative to evaluate the shear capacity of NSC and HSC members without stirrups

Predicting Effect of Stirrups on Shear Strength of Reinforced NSC and HSC Slender Beams Using Artificial Intelligence

The exact effect that each of the basic shear design parameters exerts on the shear capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) beams without shear reinforcement (Vc) is still unclear. Previous research on this subject often yielded contradictory results, especially for reinforced high-strength concrete (HSC) beams. Furthermore, by simply adding Vc and the contribution of stirrups Vs to calculate the ultimate shear capacity Vu, current shear design practice assumes that the addition of stirrups does not alter the effect of shear design parameters on Vc. This paper investigates the validity of such a practice. Data on 656 reinforced concrete beams were used to train an artificial neural network model to predict the shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams and evaluate the performance of several existing shear strength calculation procedures. A parametric study revealed that the effect of shear reinforcement on the shear strength of RC beams decreases at a higher reinforcement ratio. It was also observed that the concrete contribution to shear resistance, Vc, in RC beams with shear reinforcement is noticeably larger than that in beams without shear reinforcement, and therefore most current shear design procedures provide conservative predictions for the shear strength of RC beams with shear reinforcement

Synthesis and characterization of hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) from lathe waste using co-precipitation -calcination method

Abstract Lathe waste contains high iron, therefore it has the potential to be a precursor in hematite (α-Fe2O3) synthesis. In this work, hematite was synthesized from lathe waste using the co-precipitation-calcination method with variation time of calcination: 1, 2, 3, 4 hours. The X-Ray diffraction data showed that the goethite (α-FeOOH) phase was obtained at precipitation stage then transformed to hematite (α-Fe2O3) phase after calcination and there is no impurities. The image of scanning electron microscopy showed that the distribution of particle size was not uniform. The color parameter showed that the highest chroma was achieved for 3 hours calcination.</jats:p