Note on recursive maximum likelihood for autoregressive modeling, A

Includes bibliographical references.In this paper, we rederive recursive maximum likelihood (RML) for an autoregressive (AR) time series using the Levinson decomposition. This decomposition produces a recursive update of the likelihood function for the AR parameters in terms of the reflection coefficients, prediction error variances, and forward and backward prediction errors. A fast algorithm for this recursive update is presented and compared with the recursive updates of the Burg algorithm. The comparison clarifies the connection between Burg's algorithm and RML.This work was supported by Bonneville Power Administration under Contract no. DEBI7990BPO7346 and by the Office of Naval Research, Statistics, and Probability Branch under Contract no. N00014-89-J-1070

Epilithic diatoms (Bacillariophyta) from cloud forest and alpine streams in Bolivia, South America II: A preliminary report on the diatoms from Sorata, Department of La Paz

Un total de siete muestras de epiHton fueron colectadas en rios dentro de ungradiente altitudinal en el bosque nublado de Bokvia, cerca de la capital La Paz. Laflora diatomologica es diversa v no se encontraron patrones altitudinales claros. Talflora esta compuesta por especies cosmopolitas y taxa restringidos a los Andes con losgeneros Gompbonema, Nit^schia, Engonopsis v Engonema agrupando al mayor numero deespecies e individuos con mayores frecuencias. La flora esta tambien representada porvarios taxa alcalifilos y alcaKbiontes, reflejando los altos valores de pH de los rios. Las caracteristicas de los sitios muestreados, asi como una lista de taxa y figurasrepresentativas se presentan en este trabajo

One small step for man, one giant leap for men's health: A meta-analysis of behaviour change interventions to increase men's physical activity

Objective To determine the effects of behaviour change interventions on men’s physical activity (postintervention), sustained change in physical activity behaviour (≥12 months postintervention) and to identify variations in effects due to potential moderating variables (eg, theoretical underpinning, gender-tailored, contact frequency). Design Systematic review with meta-analysis. Pooled effect size (Cohen’s d) was calculated assuming a random-effects model. Homogeneity and subsequent exploratory moderator analyses were assessed using Q, T2 and I2. Data sources Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, SportDiscus and Web of Science to April 2019. Eligibility criteria for selected studies Randomised control trials of behaviour change interventions in men (≥18 years) where physical activity was an outcome and data were from men-only studies or disaggregated by sex. Results Twenty-six articles described 24 eligible studies. The overall mean intervention effect on men’s physical activity was 0.35 (SE=0.05; 95% CI 0.26 to 0.45;

A Comparison of Priority Rules for Non-passing Automated Stacking Cranes

A recent trend in container ports is to operate dual non-passing Automated Storage Cranes (ASCs) that collaborate to serve storage and retrieval requests from opposite ends of a storage block. Since the ASCs are unable to pass each other, there is an exchange zone that serves as a temporary storage location so that one crane can start a request and leave it to the other crane to complete it. In this study, twelve priority rules are introduced and evaluated to determine which rule minimizes the total makespan for serving all requests, given the sequence in which each ASC will serve the requests. Preliminary results from 12 randomly generated experiments indicate that the priority rules favoring the crane furthest away from the origin of the next request (LonOri) and the longest individual completion times (LonTot) outperformed all other rules in terms of the average percent difference with the best found solution and in terms of the percent of times the priority rule yield the best found solution. Also, combining priority rules AdvFun and LonRem yields the best makespan in 11 of the 12 (91.67%) problem instances tested. Results of this study transcend container ports as it is applicable to any material handling system composed of non-passing MHE and that has pickup/deposit points at the ends of the system

The pathophysiological basis of pharmacological interventions in CAVD

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) results in aortic valve stenosis and is one of the most common cardiac diseases in both Western and developing countries. The burden of this disease is expected to increase rapidly in the future, but there are still no relevant pharmacological therapies available and aortic valve replacement remains the sole definite therapy. This review presents an overview of the most common causes of CAVD, followed by current debates and trials related to the onset and progression of this disease. Several differences and similarities between the different causes of CAVD are presented. Additionally, stages of CAVD are compared with stages in atherosclerosis. Finally, future directions for research on CAVD will be discussed

Kumanoa mahlacensis (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) en un marjal costero mediterráneo, una nueva especie para la flora ficológica contiental europea

Morphological characters and molecular sequence data of the plastid-encoded RUBISCO large subunit gen (rbcL) confirmed the first record of Kumanoa mahlacensis (S. Kumano & W.A. Bowden-Kerby) Entwisle, M.L. Vis, W.B. Chiasson, Necchi & A.R. Sherwood in Europe from a Spanish Mediterranean coastal wetland. The genus Kumanoa has a worldwide distribution and inhabits in both lotic and lentic habitats, but information about the ecological requirements of species is scarce. In this study, the morphology and ecology of Spanish material is described in order to gain a broader insight of the distribution of species from Mediterranean areas.El estudio de los caracteres morfológicos y las secuencias del gen plastidial (rbcL) que codifica la subunidad mayor de la enzima RUBISCO han confirmado la presencia de Kumanoa mahlacensis (S. Kumano & W.A. Bowden-Kerby) Entwisle, M.L. Vis, W.B. Chiasson, Necchi & A.R. Sherwood en Europa, en un marjal costero mediterráneo del levante español. El género Kumanoa presenta una distribución mundial y habita tanto en ambientes lóticos como leníticos; sin embargo existe poca información sobre los requerimientos ecológicos de esta especie. En este trabajo se describe la morfología y ecología del material recolectado en España con el objetivo de obtener una visión más amplia de su distribución y de su presencia en áreas mediterráneas