Seric chemokines and chemokine receptors in eosinophils during acute human schistosomiasis mansoni

The recruitment of circulating eosinophils by chemokines and chemokine receptors plays an important role in the inflammation process in acute human schistosomiasis. Our main focus has been on the plasma chemokines (CXCL8/CCL2/CCL3/CCL24) and chemokine receptors (CCR2/CCR3/CCR5/CXCR1/CXCR2/CXCR3/CXCR4) expressed by circulating eosinophils from acute Schistosoma mansoni infected patients (ACT). Our studies compared ACT patients and healthy individuals as a control group. Our major findings demonstrated a plethora of chemokine secretion with significantly increased secretion of all chemokines analysed in the ACT group. Although no differences were detected for beta-chemokine receptors (CCR2, CCR3 and CCR5) or alpha-chemokine receptors (CXCR3 and CXCR4), a significantly lower frequency of CXCR1+ and CXCR2+ eosinophils in the ACT group was observed. The association between chemokines and their chemokine receptors revealed that acutely infected schistosome patients displaying decreased plasma levels of CCL24 are the same patients who presented enhanced secretion of CCL3, as well as increased expression of both the CCR5 and CXCR3 chemokine receptors. These findings suggest that CCL24 may influence the kinetics of chemokines and their receptors and eosinophils recruitment during human acute schistosomiasis mansoni

Rehabilitative treatment of cleft lip and palate: experience of the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies - USP (HRAC-USP) - Part 2: Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics

The aim of this article is to present the pediatric dentistry and orthodontic treatment protocol of rehabilitation of cleft lip and palate patients performed at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies - University of São Paulo (HRAC-USP). Pediatric dentistry provides oral health information and should be able to follow the child with cleft lip and palate since the first months of life until establishment of the mixed dentition, craniofacial growth and dentition development. Orthodontic intervention starts in the mixed dentition, at 8-9 years of age, for preparing the maxillary arch for secondary bone graft procedure (SBGP). At this stage, rapid maxillary expansion is performed and a fixed palatal retainer is delivered before SBGP. When the permanent dentition is completed, comprehensive orthodontic treatment is initiated aiming tooth alignment and space closure. Maxillary permanent canines are commonly moved mesially in order to substitute absent maxillary lateral incisors. Patients with complete cleft lip and palate and poor midface growth will require orthognatic surgery for reaching adequate anteroposterior interarch relationship and good facial esthetics

High expression of co-stimulatory and adhesion molecules are observed on eosinophils during human Schistosoma mansoni infection

Herein we have focused attention on major phenotypic features of peripheral blood eosinophils from chronic Schistosoma mansoni -infected patients. For this purpose, detailed immunophenotypic profiles of a range of cell surface markers were performed, including activation markers (CD23/CD69/CD25/HLA-DR), co-stimulatory molecules (CD28/CD80/CD86), chemokine receptors (CXCR1/CXCR2/CCR3/CCR5) besides L-selectin-CD62L and adhesion molecules (CD18/CD54). Our major findings pointed out increased frequency of CD23+-cells, besides decreased percentages of CD69+-eosinophils, suggesting a chronic activation status with low frequency of early activated eosinophils in chronic S. mansoni-infected patients (INT) in comparison to non-infected individuals (NI). Moreover, a dichotomic expression of beta-chemokine receptors was observed during human schistosomiasis mansoni with higher CCR5 and lower levels of CCR3 observed between groups. Enhanced expression of co-stimulatory receptors (CD28/CD86) and adhesion molecules (CD54/CD18), besides striking lower frequency of L-selectin+ were reported for eosinophils from INT group as compared to NI. Interestingly, the frequency of CD62L+-eosinophils and a range of cell activation related molecules pointed out an opposite pattern of association in NI and INT, where only INT patients that display lower frequency of CD62L+-eosinophils (first CD62L tertile) kept the unusual relationship between the expression of L-selectin and the CD23 activation marker. These findings suggest that distinct dynamic of activation markers expressed by eosinophils may occur during chronic S. mansoni infection

Utility of immunoglobulin isotypes against LID-1 and NDO-LID for, particularly IgG1, confirming the diagnosis of multibacillary leprosy

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-05-03T12:47:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 robertaO_pinheiro_etal_IOC_2018.pdf: 742365 bytes, checksum: f31dc862c218949907f11827ebecdb9d (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-05-03T13:02:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 robertaO_pinheiro_etal_IOC_2018.pdf: 742365 bytes, checksum: f31dc862c218949907f11827ebecdb9d (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-03T13:02:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 robertaO_pinheiro_etal_IOC_2018.pdf: 742365 bytes, checksum: f31dc862c218949907f11827ebecdb9d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia. Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Instituto de Ciências da Vida. Governador Valadares, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia. Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia. Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Departamento de Enfermagem Básica. Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hanseníase. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hanseníase. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Infectious Disease Research Institute. Seattle, WA, USA.Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia. Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil.Leprosy remains a health problem in many countries, with difficulties in diagnosis resulting in delayed treatment and more severe disabilities. Antibodies against several Mycobacterium leprae antigens have, however, shown value as diagnostic and/or prognostic markers. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate serum immunoglobulin (Ig) IgM and IgG subclass reactivity against three M. leprae specific antigens: NDO-HSA, a conjugate formed by natural octyl disaccharide bound to human serum albumin; LID-1, the fusion protein product of the ml0405 and ml2331 genes; and NDO-LID, a combination of LID-1 and NDO. METHODS Sera from healthy controls, paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB) leprosy patients, and their respective household contacts, were evaluated for the presence of antigen-specific IgM, IgG, and IgG subclass antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The sensitivity and specificity of each ELISA were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. FINDINGS Our data confirm that serum IgM antibodies against NDO-HSA and IgG antibodies against LID-1, as well as IgG/M antibodies against NDO-LID, are markedly increased in MB patients. For the first time, our data reveal a selective increase in IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies against LID-1 and NDO-LID in MB patients, demonstrating that these antibody isotypes are suitable for differentiation between MB and PB patients. ROC curve analysis indicates an improved capacity for diagnosing MB leprosy patients using the detection of IgG antibodies, particularly the IgG1 isotype, specific to LID-1 and NDO-LID over the performance levels attained with NDO-HSA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that serological tests based on the detection of antigen-specific IgG1 antibodies are a useful tool to differentiate MB from PB patients, and indicate the enhanced performance of the LID-1 and NDO-LID antigens in the serodiagnosis of leprosy

Cytokine Pattern of T Lymphocytes in Acute Schistosomiasis mansoni

Acute schistosomiasis is associated with a primary exposure and is more commonly seen in nonimmune individuals traveling through endemic regions. In this study, we have focused on the cytokine profile of T lymphocytes evaluated in circulating leukocytes of acute Schistosomiasis mansoni-infected patients (ACT group) before and after praziquantel treatment (ACT-TR group). Our data demonstrated increased values of total leukocytes, eosinophils, and monocytes in both groups. Interestingly, we have observed that patients treated with praziquantel showed increased values of lymphocytes as compared with noninfected group (NI) or ACT groups. Furthermore, a decrease of neutrophils in ACT-TR was observed when compared to ACT group. Analyses of short-term in vitro whole blood stimulation demonstrated that, regardless of the presence of soluble Schistosoma mansoni eggs antigen (SEA), increased synthesis of IFN-γ and IL-4 by T-cells was observed in the ACT group. Analyses of cytokine profile in CD8 T cells demonstrated higher percentage of IFN-γ and IL-4 cells in both ACT and ACT-TR groups apart from increased percentage of IL-10 cells only in the ACT group. This study is the first one to point out the relevance of CD8 T lymphocytes in the immune response induced during the acute phase of schistosomiasis

Seric chemokines and chemokine receptors in eosinophils during acute human schistosomiasis mansoni

Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2015-01-14T14:52:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Seric chemokines and chemokine receptors in eosinophils during acute human schistosomiasis mansoni.pdf: 496581 bytes, checksum: d4d89dcfbae7448b93569b3a0e580164 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2015-01-14T14:52:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Seric chemokines and chemokine receptors in eosinophils during acute human schistosomiasis mansoni.pdf: 496581 bytes, checksum: d4d89dcfbae7448b93569b3a0e580164 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2015-01-14T15:05:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Seric chemokines and chemokine receptors in eosinophils during acute human schistosomiasis mansoni.pdf: 496581 bytes, checksum: d4d89dcfbae7448b93569b3a0e580164 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-14T15:05:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Seric chemokines and chemokine receptors in eosinophils during acute human schistosomiasis mansoni.pdf: 496581 bytes, checksum: d4d89dcfbae7448b93569b3a0e580164 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou. Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou. Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil/ Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil /Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas. Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia. Ouro Preto, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou. Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou. Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou. Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou. Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou. Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou. Laboratório de Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilUniversidade Vale do Rio Doce. Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Imunologia. Governador Valadares, MG, BrasilUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou. Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrasilThe recruitment of circulating eosinophils by chemokines and chemokine receptors plays an important role in the inflammation process in acute human schistosomiasis. Our main focus has been on the plasma chemokines (CXCL8/CCL2/CCL3/CCL24) and chemokine receptors (CCR2/CCR3/CCR5/CXCR1/CXCR2/CXCR3/CXCR4) expressed by circulating eosinophils from acute Schistosoma mansoni infected patients (ACT). Our studies compared ACT patients and healthy individuals as a control group. Our major findings demonstrated a plethora of chemokine secretion with significantly increased secretion of all chemokines analysed in the ACT group. Although no differences were detected for beta-chemokine receptors (CCR2, CCR3 and CCR5) or alpha-chemokine receptors (CXCR3 and CXCR4), a significantly lower frequency of CXCR1+ and CXCR2+ eosinophils in the ACT group was observed. The association between chemokines and their chemokine receptors revealed that acutely infected schistosome patients displaying decreased plasma levels of CCL24 are the same patients who presented enhanced secretion of CCL3, as well as increased expression of both the CCR5 and CXCR3 chemokine receptors. These findings suggest that CCL24 may influence the kinetics of chemokines and their receptors and eosinophils recruitment during human acute schistosomiasis mansoni

Utility of immunoglobulin isotypes against LID-1 and NDO-LID for, particularly IgG1, confirming the diagnosis of multibacillary leprosy

BACKGROUND Leprosy remains a health problem in many countries, with difficulties in diagnosis resulting in delayed treatment and more severe disabilities. Antibodies against several Mycobacterium leprae antigens have, however, shown value as diagnostic and/or prognostic markers. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate serum immunoglobulin (Ig) IgM and IgG subclass reactivity against three M. leprae specific antigens: NDO-HSA, a conjugate formed by natural octyl disaccharide bound to human serum albumin; LID-1, the fusion protein product of the ml0405 and ml2331 genes; and NDO-LID, a combination of LID-1 and NDO. METHODS Sera from healthy controls, paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB) leprosy patients, and their respective household contacts, were evaluated for the presence of antigen-specific IgM, IgG, and IgG subclass antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The sensitivity and specificity of each ELISA were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. FINDINGS Our data confirm that serum IgM antibodies against NDO-HSA and IgG antibodies against LID-1, as well as IgG/M antibodies against NDO-LID, are markedly increased in MB patients. For the first time, our data reveal a selective increase in IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies against LID-1 and NDO-LID in MB patients, demonstrating that these antibody isotypes are suitable for differentiation between MB and PB patients. ROC curve analysis indicates an improved capacity for diagnosing MB leprosy patients using the detection of IgG antibodies, particularly the IgG1 isotype, specific to LID-1 and NDO-LID over the performance levels attained with NDO-HSA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that serological tests based on the detection of antigen-specific IgG1 antibodies are a useful tool to differentiate MB from PB patients, and indicate the enhanced performance of the LID-1 and NDO-LID antigens in the serodiagnosis of leprosy