Aktivierung, Konzentration, Entspannung : Interventionsmöglichkeiten zur Förderung fitnessrelevanter Kompetenzen im Studium

Der Karlsruher Interventionskatalog stellt Lehrenden eine fundierte Auswahl kognitiver und körperlicher Übungen bereit. Zielsetzung dieser Interventionen ist die positive Beeinflussung von Konzentration, Befindlichkeit und emotionaler Aktivierung in Lehr-Lernsituationen im Hochschulkontext. Die Effekte zehnminütiger Interventionen, die sich aus verschiedenen Übungen des Katalogs zusammensetzen, wurden innerhalb von Lehrveranstaltungen an 150 Studierenden des KIT untersucht

Acute and medium term effects of a 10-week running intervention on mood state in apprentices

Exercise and physical activity have proven benefits for physical and psychological well-being. However, it is not clear if healthy young adults can enhance mood in everyday life through regular exercise. Earlier studies mainly showed positive effects of acute exercise and exercise programs on psychological well-being in children, older people and in clinical populations. Few studies controlled participants' physical activity in daily life, performed besides the exercise program, which can impact results. In addition the transition from mood enhancement induced by acute exercise to medium or long-term effects due to regular exercise is not yet determined. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the acute effects of an aerobic running training on mood and trends in medium term changes of mood in everyday life of young adults. We conducted a 10-week aerobic endurance training with frequent mood assessments and continuous activity monitoring. 23 apprentices, separated into experimental and control group, were monitored over 12 weeks. To control the effectiveness of the aerobic exercise program, participants completed a progressive treadmill test pre and post the intervention period. The three basic mood dimensions energetic arousal, valence and calmness were assessed via electronic diaries. Participants had to rate their mood state frequently on 3 days a week at five times of measurement within 12 weeks. Participants' physical activity was assessed with accelerometers. All mood dimensions increased immediately after acute endurance exercise but results were not significant. The highest acute mood change could be observed in valence (p = 0.07; η(2) = 0.27). However, no medium term effects in mood states could be observed after a few weeks of endurance training. Future studies should focus on the interaction between acute and medium term effects of exercise training on mood. The decreasing compliance over the course of the study requires the development of strategies to maintain compliance over longer periods

The genomic and transcriptional landscape of primary central nervous system lymphoma

Primary lymphomas of the central nervous system (PCNSL) are mainly diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) confined to the central nervous system (CNS). Molecular drivers of PCNSL have not been fully elucidated. Here, we profile and compare the whole-genome and transcriptome landscape of 51 CNS lymphomas (CNSL) to 39 follicular lymphoma and 36 DLBCL cases outside the CNS. We find recurrent mutations in JAK-STAT, NFkB, and B-cell receptor signaling pathways, including hallmark mutations in MYD88 L265P (67%) and CD79B (63%), and CDKN2A deletions (83%). PCNSLs exhibit significantly more focal deletions of HLA-D (6p21) locus as a potential mechanism of immune evasion. Mutational signatures correlating with DNA replication and mitosis are significantly enriched in PCNSL. TERT gene expression is significantly higher in PCNSL compared to activated B-cell (ABC)-DLBCL. Transcriptome analysis clearly distinguishes PCNSL and systemic DLBCL into distinct molecular subtypes. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)+ CNSL cases lack recurrent mutational hotspots apart from IG and HLA-DRB loci. We show that PCNSL can be clearly distinguished from DLBCL, having distinct expression profiles, IG expression and translocation patterns, as well as specific combinations of genetic alterations

Peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and infants: NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe: A prospective European multicentre observational study

BACKGROUND: Little is known about current clinical practice concerning peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and small infants. Guidelines suggest transfusions based on haemoglobin thresholds ranging from 8.5 to 12 g dl-1, distinguishing between children from birth to day 7 (week 1), from day 8 to day 14 (week 2) or from day 15 (≥week 3) onwards. OBJECTIVE: To observe peri-operative red blood cell transfusion practice according to guidelines in relation to patient outcome. DESIGN: A multicentre observational study. SETTING: The NEonate-Children sTudy of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE) trial recruited patients up to 60 weeks' postmenstrual age undergoing anaesthesia for surgical or diagnostic procedures from 165 centres in 31 European countries between March 2016 and January 2017. PATIENTS: The data included 5609 patients undergoing 6542 procedures. Inclusion criteria was a peri-operative red blood cell transfusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary endpoint was the haemoglobin level triggering a transfusion for neonates in week 1, week 2 and week 3. Secondary endpoints were transfusion volumes, 'delta haemoglobin' (preprocedure - transfusion-triggering) and 30-day and 90-day morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: Peri-operative red blood cell transfusions were recorded during 447 procedures (6.9%). The median haemoglobin levels triggering a transfusion were 9.6 [IQR 8.7 to 10.9] g dl-1 for neonates in week 1, 9.6 [7.7 to 10.4] g dl-1 in week 2 and 8.0 [7.3 to 9.0] g dl-1 in week 3. The median transfusion volume was 17.1 [11.1 to 26.4] ml kg-1 with a median delta haemoglobin of 1.8 [0.0 to 3.6] g dl-1. Thirty-day morbidity was 47.8% with an overall mortality of 11.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate lower transfusion-triggering haemoglobin thresholds in clinical practice than suggested by current guidelines. The high morbidity and mortality of this NECTARINE sub-cohort calls for investigative action and evidence-based guidelines addressing peri-operative red blood cell transfusions strategies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02350348

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Aktivierung, Konzentration, Entspannung : Interventionsmöglichkeiten zur Förderung fitnessrelevanter Kompetenzen im Studium

Der Karlsruher Interventionskatalog stellt Lehrenden eine fundierte Auswahl kognitiver und körperlicher Übungen bereit. Zielsetzung dieser Interventionen ist die positive Beeinflussung von Konzentration, Befindlichkeit und emotionaler Aktivierung in Lehr-Lernsituationen im Hochschulkontext. Die Effekte zehnminütiger Interventionen, die sich aus verschiedenen Übungen des Katalogs zusammensetzen, wurden innerhalb von Lehrveranstaltungen an 150 Studierenden des KIT untersucht

Evaluation der Arbeit mit Geflüchteten in Oberbayern : Ergebnisse der Onlinebefragung unter ehrenamtlichen Helfer*innen

In der Folge der gestiegenen Zuwanderung im Sommer 2015 und darüber hinaus sindLandkreise, Gemeinden und Kommunen in Oberbayern herausgefordert, eine große Anzahlgeflüchteter Menschen aufzunehmen, zu versorgen und zu integrieren. Zu den Akteuren, dieim Handlungsfeld aktiv sind, gehören Initiativen bzw. Helferkreise, Wohlfahrtsverbände,Kirchen, Betriebe sowie sonstige Organisationsformen.Das Zentrum Flucht und Migration (ZFM) der Katholischen Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt analysiert die Arbeit mit Geflohenen in Oberbayern im Hinblick auf die be-stehende Situation vor Ort sowie notwendige Unterstützungsmaßnahmen für haupt- undehrenamtliche Helfer*innen im Handlungsfeld. Durch einen umfassenden Blick auf dasstrukturelle, materielle aber auch personelle Engagement für Geflüchtete in Oberbayernevaluiert das ZFM retrospektiv und prognostizierend die ehrenamtliche Flüchtlingsarbeit.Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens ist es, das vielseitige Engagement in den Gesamtzusam-menhang aller geleisteten Maßnahmen vor Ort einzuordnen. Darüber hinaus ist es einwichtiges Anliegen der Untersuchung, die Situation der unzähligen ehren- und hauptamtli-chen Helfer*innen im Handlungsfeld systematisch zu betrachten und auf dieser Basis diezukünftigen Arbeitsbedingungen zu verbessern.Mit einem aufeinander aufbauenden Forschungsdesign (Methodenmix) aus qualitativenInterviews, einer quantitativen Onlinebefragung und abschließenden Gruppendiskussionensoll ein möglichst ganzheitliches Bild des haupt- und ehrenamtlichen Engagements entstehenund die folgende Forschungsfrage beantwortet werden: Wie zielorientiert gestaltete sich die Unterstützung der Arbeit mit Geflüchteten in Oberbayern im Jahr 2018