34 research outputs found
Cryptogams under the influence of tropical microclimate and their contribution to biosphere-atmosphere exchange
Developing a broad-range promoter set for metabolic engineering in the thermotolerant yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus
Genome and metabolic engineering in non-conventional yeasts: Current advances and applications
Microbial production of chemicals and proteins from biomass-derived and waste sugar streams is a rapidly growing area of research and development. While the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an excellent host for the conversion of glucose to ethanol, production of other chemicals from alternative substrates often requires extensive strain engineering. To avoid complex and intensive engineering of S. cerevisiae, other yeasts are often selected as hosts for bioprocessing based on their natural capacity to produce a desired product: for example, the efficient production and secretion of proteins, lipids, and primary metabolites that have value as commodity chemicals. Even when using yeasts with beneficial native phenotypes, metabolic engineering to increase yield, titer, and production rate is essential. The non-conventional yeasts Kluyveromyces lactis, K. marxianus, Scheffersomyces stipitis, Yarrowia lipolytica, Hansenula polymorpha and Pichia pastoris have been developed as eukaryotic hosts because of their desirable phenotypes, including thermotolerance, assimilation of diverse carbon sources, and high protein secretion. However, advanced metabolic engineering in these yeasts has been limited. This review outlines the challenges of using non-conventional yeasts for strain and pathway engineering, and discusses the developed solutions to these problems and the resulting applications in industrial biotechnology
CRISPRi repression of nonhomologous endâjoining for enhanced genome engineering via homologous recombination in Yarrowia lipolytica
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Metabolic pathway engineering
Organisms can be engineered to produce a wide variety of compounds by either enhancing endogenous metabolic pathways, or by introducing exogenous pathways that are either borrowed from other organism, or de novo-designed pathways unknown to nature. While overexpression of bottleneck enzymes and deletion of competing pathways remain at the core of metabolic pathway engineering, there are many other key elements that need to be considered to successfully develop strains for the production of valuable products. Some of these key elements include the choice of host organism, which must take into account the natural advantages and disadvantages of the host for a specific application; computational methods to discover, design, and optimize metabolic pathways; transcriptional control engineering, to fine-tune the levels and timing of enzyme expression; enzyme engineering to design novel enzymatic activities required in specific metabolic pathways; development of new synthetic biology tools to increase the capabilities and expedience of genetic interventions; and innovative strategies to reduce metabolic burden. This special issue of Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology, focusing on âMetabolic Pathway Engineeringâ comprises eight review articles and five original research studies that provide excellent examples of how these key elements support and augment metabolic engineering
MOESM1 of CRISPRâCas9-enabled genetic disruptions for understanding ethanol and ethyl acetate biosynthesis in Kluyveromyces marxianus
Additional file 1. Additional figures and tables