Imágenes de archivo en cine de ficción: cine basado en una historia real

The technique of mixing archive footage with actual filming is becoming ever more frequent, be it in fiction, advertising, movies or news. But the meaning of this footage when inserted into a fictional movie may slightly change the original message, and it can be used to obtain a range of reactions in the spectators. This technique is particularly significant when dealing with movies “based on a true story”, especially those based on political facts or figures which may have an impact on people around the world. In this paper we will discuss the role of archive footage inserted into political movies. Key words: footage, fiction movies, film, genre, history. KEYWORDS: footage, fiction movies, film, genre, history. El uso de imágenes de archivo en cualquier tipo de producto audiovisual es una costumbre cada vez más extendida. Desde los informativos hasta las series de televisión, pasando por la publicidad e incluso los artículos de diarios, el recurrir a imágenes del pasado como fuente de información es ya habitual en cualquier género audiovisual, sea de ficción o no. En estas líneas queremos abordar el uso de las imágenes de archivo en el cine de ficción. Aunque, en realidad, las obras que se analizan no son totalmente ficción: analizaremos los filmes en los que se narran acontecimientos históricos que trascendieron por su importancia en la política nacional o internacional; en ocasiones han recibido el nombre de “docudramas políticos” (también abordaremos el problema de cómo denominar a este género). Este artículo prestará especial atención a las necesidades de documentación e información audiovisual en la producción de este tipo de obras audiovisuales (a medio camino entre la realidad y la ficción) y a la repercusión que en la narración tiene el uso de imágenes de archivo. PALABRAS CLAVE: imágenes de archivo, cine ficción, géneros, historia

Uso de imágenes de archivo en publicidad audiovisual: estudio de casos

Title: Use of archival footage in audiovisual advertising: case studies. Audiovisual advertising tells short stories in a few seconds, using techniques inherited from cinema and television. A resource that gives a special tone or tint to the story is the use of archival images. Some cases are analyzed to describe the different uses of archival footage in audiovisual advertising

Relationship between Consumer Motivation and the Gastronomic Experience of Olive Oil Tourism in Spain

The rise of new tourist typologies as a result of the change in the motivations of tourists and the increasingly active awareness of the environment are making these new tourist activities more sustainable. The development of typologies such as oleotourism or, more globally, gastronomic tourism is formed as an engine of socio-economic development wherever it is inserted, being even more important and decisive if it develops in rural areas. This study is based on a model of structural equations based on minimum partial squares. A sample size of 414 surveys was used, all of which were collected in the oil mills and museums of the towns of Baena, Cabra, Luque and Montilla, all of which belong to the province of Córdoba, Spain. This study develops a model based on motivations and gastronomic experience resulting from the development of oleotourism in the rural areas of the province of Córdoba (Spain). Among the most noteworthy results it is worth highlighting the positive influence of motivations on the gastronomic experience of tourists. In addition, the predictive relevance of the model is demonstrated

Relationship between consumer motivation and the gastronomic experience of olive oil tourism in Spain

[EN] The rise of new tourist typologies as a result of the change in the motivations of tourists and the increasingly active awareness of the environment are making these new tourist activities more sustainable. The development of typologies such as oleotourism or, more globally, gastronomic tourism is formed as an engine of socio-economic development wherever it is inserted, being even more important and decisive if it develops in rural areas. This study is based on a model of structural equations based on minimum partial squares. A sample size of 414 surveys was used, all of which were collected in the oil mills and museums of the towns of Baena, Cabra, Luque and Montilla, all of which belong to the province of Córdoba, Spain. This study develops a model based on motivations and gastronomic experience resulting from the development of oleotourism in the rural areas of the province of Córdoba (Spain). Among the most noteworthy results it is worth highlighting the positive influence of motivations on the gastronomic experience of tourists. In addition, the predictive relevance of the model is demonstrated.S

3D-printed concrete footbridges: an approach to assess the sustainability performance

Digital fabrication with concrete (DFC) is fast becoming an attractive alternative for components (i.e., façades, urban furniture) and structural typologies (i.e., short-span footbridges, columns, floor systems) for which complex geometries derived from particular aesthetical criteria and/or construction time constrictions are governing parameters. Additionally, some authors claim that this process allows improving the sustainability of structures, as less material is necessary compared to traditional concrete solutions, thus reducing greenhouse gas emissions linked to material consumption. Nonetheless, the environmental implications of DFC are still under scrutiny and remain objectively unquantified. In this study, a sustainability assessment model to allow decision-makers to evaluate and compare concrete footbridge alternatives—from the sustainability perspective—including those constructed by means of 3D printed concrete (3DPC) techniques, is presented. The proposed approach is based on the MIVES method. For this purpose, the most representative criteria and indicators of sustainability identified are measured and weighted-aggregated in a decision-making tree. The sustainability index (SI) of each alternative is the outcome derived from the application of the model, and the SI was used as reference for evaluating the alternatives. The sustainability of 3D-printed footbridges is quantified and compared to other concrete-based solutions: traditional reinforced cast-in-place and precast concrete, as traditional solutions, and ultra-high performance precast concrete and textile-reinforced concrete, as innovative alternatives. The results of the analysis lead to conclude that 3D-printed footbridges have positive impacts on environmental and social indicators, but economic indicators still need to be improved to attain a competitive solution. The approach proposed herein to assess the sustainability of footbridges can be extended to other cases and stakeholders' preferences by adapting the components of the method to sensitivities and particular boundary conditions of other scenarios.The authors want to acknowledge ACCIONA, S.A. for the economic funds and information provided. This study was also financially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Sci-ence and Innovation under the scope of project CREEF (PID2019-108978RB-C32/AEI/10.13039/501100011033). A. Monserrat was supported by the Ministerio de Uni-versidades (Spain) with the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan (RD 289/2021 and order UNI/551/ 2021) of NextGenerationEU; Postdoctoral Margarita Salas Fellowship funded by Universitat Politècnica de València.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Use of archival footage in audiovisual advertising: case studies

Audiovisual advertising tells short stories in a few seconds, using techniques inherited from cinema and television. A resource that gives a special tone or tint to the story is the use of archival images. Some cases are analyzed to describe the different uses of archival footage in audiovisual advertising

Comparación del cuestionario de Berlín y de la escala de somnolencia de Epworth en pacientes con sospecha de apnea obstructiva del sueño

Introducción: La apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS) es un trastorno altamente prevalente, pero sub-diagnosticado y no tratado. Es necesario contar con una herramienta para la detección temprana de estos pacientes a fin de poder brindar el tratamiento adecuado y prevenir consecuencias graves. El Cuestionario de Berlín (QB) y la Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth (ESS) son dos instrumentos muy populares y aceptados ampliamente para la identificación de pacientes con AOS. Objetivo: Comparar el cuestionario de Berlín y la Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth en la detección de pacientes con AOS. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y comparativo entre enero y diciembre de 2019, en el servicio de otorrinolaringología de la Clínica Internacional. Se efectuó una encuesta para poder realizar la ESS y el QB. Posteriormente a todos los pacientes se les realizo una polisomnografía para determinar el diagnóstico de AOS mediante el índice de apnea hipopnea (IAH) y se calcularon las variables predictivas de sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo (VPP), valor predictivo negativo (VPN), y la razón de verosimilitud (LR+/LR-) Resultados: Un total de 30 (50,8%) pacientes con AOS fueron diagnosticados con ESS y 54 (91,5%) pacientes con QB. El VPP para el QB fue de 98,2% versus 84,8% para la ESS, el VPN para el QB fue de 66,7% vs 16,2% para la ESS. El valor de LR + fue de 10,05 y LR – de 0,09 para el QB y el valor de LR + fue de 1,12 y LR – de 0,9 para la ESS. Conclusión: El QB es una herramienta de diagnóstico válida, confiable y más sensible para la detección de pacientes AOS en comparación con la ESS

The Biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea: Estimates, Patterns, and Threats

The Mediterranean Sea is a marine biodiversity hot spot. Here we combined an extensive literature analysis with expert opinions to update publicly available estimates of major taxa in this marine ecosystem and to revise and update several species lists. We also assessed overall spatial and temporal patterns of species diversity and identified major changes and threats. Our results listed approximately 17,000 marine species occurring in the Mediterra- nean Sea. However, our estimates of marine diversity are still incomplete as yet—undescribed species will be added in the future. Diversity for microbes is substantially underestimated, and the deep-sea areas and portions of the southern and eastern region are still poorly known. In addition, the invasion of alien species is a crucial factor that will continue to change the biodiversity of the Mediterranean, mainly in its eastern basin that can spread rapidly northwards and westwards due to the warming of the Mediterra- nean Sea. Spatial patterns showed a general decrease in biodiversity from northwestern to southeastern regions following a gradient of production, with some exceptions and caution due to gaps in our knowledge of the biota along the southern and eastern rims. Biodiversity was also generally higher in coastal areas and continental shelves, and decreases with depth. Temporal trends indicated that overexploitation and habitat loss have been the main human drivers of historical changes in biodiversity. At present, habitat loss and degradation, followed by fishing impacts, pollution, climate change, eutrophication, and the establishment of alien species are the most important threats and affect the greatest number of taxonomic groups. All these impacts are expected to grow in importance in the future, especially climate change and habitat degradation. The spatial identification of hot spots highlighted the ecological importance of most of the western Mediterranean shelves (and in particular, the Strait of Gibraltar and the adjacent Alboran Sea), western African coast, the Adriatic, and the Aegean Sea, which show high concentrations of endangered, threatened, or vulnerable species. The Levantine Basin, severely impacted by the invasion of species, is endangered as well.Comisión Europea Marie Curie Call FP7-PEOPLE-04/01/2007-IOFMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación GRACCIE C5D2007-00067Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación CGL2008-05407-C03-03Generalitat de Catalunya 2009SRG665 y 2009SGR484Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación CTM2007-6663

Improving area center robot navigation using a novel range scan segmentation method

When using raw 2D range measures to delimit the border for the free area sensed by a robot, the noise makes the sensor to yield a cloud of points, which is an imprecise border. This vagueness pose some problems for robot navigation using area center methods, due to free area split points locations. The basic method, when locating split points, does not take into account environmental features, only the raw cloud of points. In order to determine accurately such environmental features we use a novel range scan segmentation method. This method has the interesting characteristic of being adaptive to environment noise, in the sense that we do not need to fix noise standard deviation, even different areas of the same scan can have different deviations, e. g. a wall besides a hedge. Procedure execution time is in the order of milliseconds for modern processors. Information about interesting navigational features is used to improve area center navigation by means of determining safer split points and developing the idea of dynamic split point. A dynamic split point change its position to a new feature if this new feature is considered more dangerous than the one marked by the split point