Prueba y proceso equitativo. Aspectos actuales en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos

SUMARIO: 1. Introducción. 2. El principio de legalidad en la obtención de las pruebas de las infracciones penales. 3. La protección de la vida privada en la investigación penal. 4. La audición y la convocatoria de los testigos y expertos. 5. Examen de la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos sobre la prueba de testigos. 6. Especial consideración del testimonio anónimo y de la infiltración policial. 7. Conclusiones.Publicad

Ideología y Castigo a la Corrupción. ¿Castigan más la corrupción los votantes de izquierdas que los de derechas?

Treballs finals del Màster en Análisi Política i Assessoria Institucional, Facultat de Dret, Universitat de Barcelona. Curs: 2016-2017. Tutor: Jordi Capo GiolEn este proyecto se propone estudiar la relación “ideología-voto de castigo a la corrupción” desde una perspectiva totalmente diferente e innovadora. El objetivo es estudiar la ideología como un factor aislado y separado de aquellos otros que puedan influir en la decisión del votante a la hora de castigar la corrupción (sistema de partidos, los candidatos, el voto estratégico o útil, el voto temático, etc…). Para ello se realizará un experimento de encuesta donde los individuos se enfrentarán a una situación hipotética de primarias del partido con el cual más se identifican

In vitro comparison of primary stability of two implant designs in D3 bone

Primary stability (PS) is a key factor for implant survival rate and depends on implant design or bone quality. The aim of this study was to compare different thread designs implants, evaluating PS with periotest values (PV) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) values through resonance frequency analysis (RFA). A total of 60 implants (Radhex®, Inmet-Garnick S.A., Guadalajara, Spain) were placed in freshly bovine ribs in vitro. Two designs were used: 30 tapered body with single thread design (PHI) and 30 tapered body with double thread design implants (PHIA). Both designs were 4mm wide and 12mm long. Implants were placed according to manufacturer?s guidelines. Osstell? and Periotest® devices were used to evaluate PS by a blinded independent observer. Computed tomographies (CTs) of the ribs were made (BrightSpeed Series CT systems, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA) and bone quality surrounding each implant was evaluated in Hounsfield Units (HU) using Ez3D Plus software (Vatech Co., Korea). Bone quality was classified according to Misch and Kircos in D1, D2, D3 or D4. All implants were mechanically stable. Only implants placed in D3 bone (350-850 HU) were selected for the study: 28 PHI and 26 PHIA. The one way ANOVA showed significant difference (p<0.005) among two implants designs in ISQ values (61,55 ± 6,67 in PHI and 68,94 ± 5,82 in PHIA). No significant difference (p = 0,171) was shown in PV between two designs (-4,47 ± 1,39 in PHI and -4,77 ± 0,87 in PHIA). Higher PS was found using Osstell? device in implants with double thread design (PHIA) in comparison to implants with single thread design (PHI) in D3 bone

Optimización mediante algoritmos genéticos de la gestión del agua en el regadío

El uso de un recurso como el agua, esencial y escaso, tiene gran trascendencia ambiental, social, económica, política, etc., siendo su adecuada gestión fundamental para conseguir la sostenibilidad de sus aprovechamientos. Para alcanzar ese objetivo, la agricultura actual necesita modelos de ayuda a la toma de decisiones para la gestión y explotación agrícola. Se presenta un modelo de optimización del plan productivo en una explotación agrícola. El proceso de optimización parte de la curva que relaciona el margen bruto de los cultivos con la lámina bruta de riego descargada por el sistema y busca la alternativa de cultivos y los volúmenes estacionales brutos de riego que maximizan el margen bruto en la explotación en su conjunto. El modelo se ha aplicado en Castilla La Mancha, concretamente en el Sistema Hidrogeológico 08.29, obteniendo excelentes resultados. Las especies seleccionadas para formar parte de la alternativa de cultivos son las que ofrecen un mayor margen bruto, incluso las que presentan elevados requerimientos hídricos en los años secos. Las características de nuestro problema, con muchas variables implicadas, un amplio campo de búsqueda de las soluciones y la existencia de un gran número de máximos locales hacen que las técnicas de optimización basadas en los algoritmos evolutivos (genéticos), que guían la búsqueda estocástica de la mejor solución, resulten muy eficientes.Peer Reviewe

Experimental techniques and numerical models to detect pollutant emission in the transport sector

25th International Conference on Urban Transport and the Environment, Urban Transport 2019; Aveiro; Portugal; 25 June 2019 through 27 June 2019; Code 155807In recent years, the growth of fossil fuel use and greenhouse gases emissions (GHGs) has been promoted by the population increase and development of the industry sector. Due to the increasing attention towards the effects of climate changes on quality of life, recent researches on pollutant formation processes have been developed in different sectors, especially in transportation. The last emission standards on pollutants impose limits on the dimensions and on the particle number of the particulate matter emissions, because of the highly dangerous effect on human health. To fight high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) emissions, a wide number of studies are addressed towards the definition of the most important parameters in effective production of particulate matter, especially in spark ignition engines. Physical processes such as mixture formation, engine operating parameters and fuel chemical properties strongly affect the soot formation in gasoline engines. The heat transfer process between the piston hot surface and the fuel gasoline during the post-injection phase is a key aspect of soot emissions for an engine. This paper is devoted to analyzing the fundamental parameters that are responsible for pollutant formation in the transport sector and the actual experimental and numerical techniques used to predict the environmental impact of engines

Improved synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-c]pyrimidine and derivatives

An improved synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-c]pyrimidine derivatives by cyclocondensation of pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes with tosylmethyl isocyanide followed by desulfonylation of the resulting 2-tosylpyrrolo[1,2-c]pyrimidines with sodium amalgam is described.We thank the Comissió Interdepartamental de Reserca i Innovació Tecnológica (CIRIT) for financial support (project QFN91-4619 ) and the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia for a grant (J.M.M.

Prevalence of apical periodontitis and frequency of root canal treatments in liver transplant candidates

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and endodontic treatment in liver transplant candidates and control healthy subjects. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Forty two liver transplant candidates (LTC) (study group) and 42 control subjects. Digital panoramic radiographs where used. Periapical status was scored according to the periapical index (PAI). Results were analysed statistically using the Chi-squared test and logistic regression. Results: Radiographic signs of AP in one or more teeth was found in 79% of patients in the study group and in 50% of control subjects (p = 0.008; OR = 3.7; C. I. 95% = 1.4 - 9.5). One or more root-filled teeth (RFT) were found in 19% and 62% of study and control subjects, respectively (p = 0.0001; OR = 0.14; 95% C. I. = 0.05 - 0.38). Among LTC patients 14.7% of the teeth had AP, whereas in the control subjects 4.2% of teeth were affected (p= 0.0002). The percentage of RFT in the study and control groups was 1.5% and 6.8%, respectively (p = 0.0002). Conclusions: Liver transplant candidates have significantly higher prevalence of radiographic periapical lesions and lower frequency of RFT than controls healthy subjects

Molecular imaging of pulmonary tuberculosis in an ex-vivo mouse model using spectral photon-counting computed tomography and micro-CT

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores. Sólo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar y los autores pertenecientes a la UC3MThe results of this study support the idea that photon-counting CT imaging is capable of molecular imaging when enhanced by high-Z pharmaceuticals. The Medipix3RX detector operating four CSM energy bins provided sufficient spectral information for the simultaneous differentiation of iodine, water, and lipid (and a second high-Z contrast). In an ex-vivo mouse model of chronic TB, detection of iodine contrast enabled segmentation and volume quantification of healthy and disease-related lung tissue. The results demonstrated the potential clinical utility of photon-counting CT imaging for molecular imaging in infectious lung diseases. In the future, if a TB-specific drug were to be incorporated with a high-Z nanoparticle, spectral CT could provide non-invasive evaluation of drug delivery and response to treatment. Such an imaging platform would have the potential to assist diagnosis and accelerate the development of novel therapies, which is essential for the eradication of TB. Photon-counting CT technology offers improved spatial and energy resolution. Thus, it is a promising next step in the evolution of CT.The authors would like to acknowledge the Medipix2, Medipix3, and Medipix4 collaborations. They would also like to take this opportunity to acknowledge the generous support of the MARS Collaboration. They would also like to acknowledge Dr. Guembe from CIMA-Universidad de Navarra for preparing and staining the tissue sections

The study of properties and behavior of self compacting concrete containing Electric Arc Furnace Slag (EAFS) as aggregate

Electric Arc Furnace Slag (EAFS) can be efficiently reused as aggregate in the production of high-volume batches of hydraulic concrete mixes that show interesting properties in both the fresh and the hardened state. Mixtures containing EAFS aggregate in proportions of nearly 50% by volume are prepared for use as pumpable and self-compacting mixes with consistency classes of S4 and SF2, respectively. Characterization of the mixtures is presented, examining practical aspects such as thixotropy, segregation in the fresh state (under 6%), and mechanical and microstructural evolution in the hardened state. The results yielded compressive strengths of approximately 60 MPa and elastic moduli of 38 GPa after one year. Finally, real-scale flexural elements are cast and subjected to sustained loading tests of moderate intensity. Long-term deflection values were approximately 50% (pumpable mixes) and less than 40% (self-compacting mixes) of the maximum admissible values specified in current standards.The authors wish to express their gratitude to: the Vice-Rectorate of Investigation of the University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU) [PIF 2013]; the Vice-Rectorate of Investigation of theUniversity of Burgos [SUCONS]; the Junta de Castilla y León (Regio-nal Government) for funding the UIC-231 group through projectBU119P17 partially supported by FEDER funds; Project RTI2018-097079-B-C31 (MCIU/AEl/EU) and the UPV/EHU [PPGA19/61].Moreover, we are also grateful to both the Basque Governmentresearch group (IT1314-19) and the companies Chryso Additivesand Hormor-Zestoa for their ongoing collaboration with the pre-sent research group