Cómo trascender de trabajo en grupo a equipo de trabajo efectivo?

El presente estudio ve la importancia de buscar respuestas e innovar en el área de administración educativa, a través del desarrollo de trabajo en equipo, debido a que esta problemática se presenta en toda institución y entre los inconvenientes que se observan se mencionan: organización, planificación, manejo de grupo de trabajo, la distribución de roles entre otras. Toda Institución Educativa está formada por personas las cuales trabajan en pro de un objetivo en común previamente planificado, al realizar este estudio en el área educativa, se pretende concientizar sobre el efecto que se obtiene en un trabajo realizado de forma individual, es decir, desligado del grupo el trabajo. Por consiguiente se ve oportuna su investigación en el área de administración escolar del Colegio “Niños Felices”, el cual no se escapa de este tipo de fenómeno, pretendiendo colaborar con la Institución Educativa y fortalecer el trabajo en equipo efectivo, a través de la sistematización de capítulos donde cada uno de sus componentes necesarios reforzará el área gerencial de la institución

Optimization of super-resolution microscopy to the visualization of biotechnological samples

Motivation: Super-resolution microscopy (SRM) allows the resolution of cellular structures in the range of tens of nanometers being able to useful for biotechnological researchs, like the study of the chromosomal structure of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Nevertheless these techniques need an optimization and the preservation of the structures of study. In this investigation we want optimize the SRM protocol to be useful to the visualization of structures in the mencionated scale. Specifically, we want define more precisely the position of telomeres and centromeres that make the Rabl configuration of chromosomes. Commonly is used the fluorescence microscopy (FM) for the cell research, but it shows less foci than the real number of this structures. However, using cells with the inactivated Linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton complex (LINC) the Rabl configuration can change, realeasing the centromere-LINC contacts. This separation could allow discern more centromeres with FM than in wild type cells, but could affect the telomeres. In this study we will compare the chromosomal distribution between wild type cells and inactivated LINC cells using FM and SRM. Methods: Different strains are generated with centromeres, telomeres and nuclear membrane tagged with fluorescence proteins to study through FM the possible alterations in the Rabl configuration in inactivated LINC cells. This strains together with inmunofluorescence techniques allow an approach to the optimization of a SRM protocol. Then to study the structures of interest with SRM, strains with HA-tag are used in combination with the inmunofluorescence protocol. In addition, protein extraction and western blots was performed to test the union of the antibody to the target protein and check the efficient of the union of primary and secondary antibody. Results: Optimization of the immunofluorescence protocol has been achieved with the tag GFP, necessary for the refinement of the SRM. The best results in FM have been reached with cells fixed with 4% paraformadehyde and tagged with nanobodies, being unnecessary the cellular wall digestion to permeabilize it. Using MF to analyze the Rabl configuration, wild type and inactivated LINC cells shown a similar distribution of telomeres, being the most common the cells with 2 telomeres, followed by 1 and 3 telomeres. Moreover the 27% of LINC mutants show 2 centromeres versus the wild type that only show 1 centromere

Criteria for efficient prevention of dissemination and successful eradication of Erwinia amylovora (the cause of fire blight) in Aragón, Spain

Erwinia amylovora was detected on pome fruits in the Aragón region (North-Eastern Spain), in a ca. 5 km radius area located in the mid Jalón river (mid Ebro Valley) in the province of Zaragoza, during 2000‒2003. Eight years have now passed since this pathogen was last detected, without new infections being reported in the same area. The bases for surveys and rapid eradication performed have been analyzed in detail to understand the reasons for the success in removing fireblight. The results demonstrate that intensive surveillance, risk assessment, plant analyses using accurate identification methods, and, especially, rapid total or selective eradication of infected trees in the plots have been very effective in preventing the generalized spread of fireblight and in delaying economic losses associated with this disease. Eradication and compensation to growers, estimated to cost approx. € 467,000, were clearly counterbalanced by the economic value of apple and pear production in the 2000‒2003 period (approx. € 368 million). Fire blight risk-assessment, using the MARYBLYT system, showed that climatic conditions in the studied area were favourable to infections during the analyzed period (1997‒2006). Molecular characterization of E. amylovora strains had revealed their homogeneity, suggesting that these fire blight episodes could have been caused by just one inoculum source, supporting the hypothesis that there was a unique introduction of E. amylovora in the studied area. Spatial spread of E. amylovora to trees was analyzed within six orchards, indicating an aggregated distribution model. This Spanish experience demonstrates the success of scientifically-based prevention methods that lead to the deployment of a fast and strict containment strategy, useful for other Mediterranean areassurveysrisk-assessmentspatial analysisstrain characterizationPublishe

La hora de inicio de la cirugía como factor de riesgo para la infección de prótesis articular.: resultados de un estudio descriptivo.

La infección de prótesis articular (IPA) es una complicación relacionada con múltiples factores de riesgo. Nos proponemos analizar si la hora a la que se realiza una artroplastia puede ser un factor de riesgo para desarrollar una IPA. Material y método. Estudio observacional retrospectivo de una serie de pacientes que se sometieron a una cirugía de artroplastia de cadera o rodilla en el año 2010 en el Hospital Príncipe de Asturias de Alcalá de Henares (Madrid). Resultados. Durante el período de estudio se analizaron 362 cirugías de artroplastia de rodilla y cadera, 19 de las cuales desarrollaron IPA (incidencia 5,2%). Mediante análisis de regresión logística se observó un incremento estadísticamente significativo de la incidencia de IPA en las cirugías realizadas entre las 12 y las 14 horas (Odds Ratio [OR] 3,4; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%] 1,1 a 11,3, p=0,04) y menor en las realizadas entre las 8 y las 10 de la mañana (OR 0,2; IC 95% 0,04 a 0,91; p= 0,04). Conclusión. En nuestro estudio, los pacientes intervenidos al final de la mañana tuvieron un riesgo tres veces superior de desarrollar IPA, mientras que operarse a primera hora fue un factor protector.The prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a complication with multiple risk factors described. We pro - pose to analyze if the hour of start time of surgery may be a risk for developing PJI. Materials and methods. We retrospectively analyze known risk factors in patients who underwent implantation of knee or hip arthroplasty in Principe de Asturias Hospital from January 2010 to December 2010 and the time of performance of the sur - gery. Results. During the study period 362 surgeries were analyzed, of which 19 developed PJI (incidence 5,2%). Logistic regression analysis showed more frequency of PJI incidence in surgeries started between 12 and 14pm (odds ratio [OR] 3,4; confidence interval [CI] 95% 1,1 to 11,3, p=0,04) and less frequent between 8 and 10 am (OR 0,2, CI 95% 0,04 to 0,91, p=0,04). Conclusion. In our study the patients undergoing surgery at the end of the morning had a threefold increased risk of developing PJI, while early surgery was a protective facto

Thrombin-Induced Calpain Activation Promotes Protease-Activated Receptor 1 Internalization

The serine protease thrombin activates Protease-Activated Receptors (PARs), a family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activated by the proteolytic cleavage of their extracellular N-terminal domain. Four members of this family have been identified: PAR1–4. The activation of Protease-Activated Receptor 1(PAR1), the prototype of this receptor family, leads to an increase in intracellular Ca+2 concentration ([Ca+2]i) mediated by Gq11α coupling and phospholipase C (PLC) activation. We have previously shown that the stimulation of PAR1 by thrombin promotes intracellular signaling leading to RPE cell transformation, proliferation, and migration which characterize fibroproliferative eye diseases leading to blindness. Within this context, the elucidation of the mechanisms involved in PAR1 inactivation is of utmost importance. Due to the irreversible nature of PAR1 activation, its inactivation must be efficiently regulated in order to terminate signaling. Using ARPE-19 human RPE cell line, we characterized thrombin-induced [Ca+2]i increase and demonstrated the calcium-dependent activation of μ-calpain mediated by PAR1. Calpains are a family of calcium-activated cysteine proteases involved in multiple cellular processes including the internalization of membrane proteins through clathrin-coated vesicles. We demonstrated that PAR1-induced calpain activation results in the degradation of α-spectrin by calpain, essential for receptor endocytosis, and the consequent decrease in PAR1 membrane expression. Collectively, the present results identify a novel μ-calpain-dependent mechanism for PAR1 inactivation following exposure to thrombin

Evaluación de pérdidas debidas a Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni en plantaciones comerciales de almendro en Aragón: póster

PublishedTrabajo financiado por INIA, proyecto RTA2011-00140-C03-0

Capacidad de supervivencia y transmisión por semilla de Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni en almendro

PublishedTrabajo financiado por el Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, proyecto RTA2011-00140-d03-0

Pluronic®/casein micelles for ophthalmic delivery of resveratrol: In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo tests

Ocular health may strongly benefit from the supply of antioxidant agents that counteract free radicals and reactive oxygen species responsible for long-term eye diseases. Additionally, natural antioxidants like resveratrol can inhibit bacteria growth and restore natural microbiota. However, their use is hindered by limited solubility, fast degradation, and low ocular permeability. This work aimed to overcome these limitations by preparing single and mixed micelles of Pluronic® F127 and casein that serve as resveratrol nanocarriers. Single and mixed (0.1 % casein) micelles (0.0 to −17.0 mV; 2.4 to 32.7 nm) increased 50-fold resveratrol solubility, remained stable for one month at 4 °C, withstood fast dilution, underwent sol-to-gel transitions in the 23.9–27.1 °C range, and exhibited potent antioxidant properties. All formulations successfully passed the HET-CAM assay but showed Pluronic®-casein dose-dependent toxicity in the zebrafish embryo model. Resveratrol-loaded single and mixed micelles (10–15 mM Pluronic® F127) displayed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The micelles favored resveratrol accumulation in cornea and sclera, but mixed micelles showed larger lag times and provided lower amount of resveratrol permeated through sclera. In vivo (rabbit) tests confirmed the safety of resveratrol-loaded single micelles and their capability to supply resveratrol to anterior and posterior eye segments.Funding: The work was supported by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 [PID 2020-113881RB-I00 to A.C. and C.A.-L., and PID2020-115121GB-I00 to L.S. and A.B.-I.], Spain, Xunta de Galicia [ED431C 2020/17], and FEDER. M. Vivero-Lopez acknowledges Xunta de Galicia (Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria) for a predoctoral research fellowship [ED481A-2019/120].S