2-Pyridyl thiazoles as novel anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agents: structural design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation

The present work reports on the synthesis, anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activities and docking studies of a novel series of 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,3- thiazoles derived from 2-pyridine thiosemicarbazone. The majority of these compounds are potent cruzain inhibitors and showed excellent inhibition on the trypomastigote form of the parasite, and the resulting structure-activity relationships are discussed. Together, these data present a novel series of thiazolyl hydrazones with potential effects against Chagas disease and they could be important leads in continuing development against Chagas disease

Avaliação quantitativa do remanescente dentinário após instalação de pino de fibra de vidro em incisivos inferiores com raízes achatadas

Este trabalho se propôs a determinar a quantidade de remanescente dentinário após desobstrução intrarradicular para instalação de pino de fibra de vidro. Material e Método: foram selecionados randomicamente 24 incisivos centrais e laterais inferiores oriundos do banco de dentes da disciplina de Anatomia de Cabeça e Pescoço do Departamento de Biomorfologia do Instituto de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal da Bahia. Os dentes escolhidos foram submetidos a tratamento endodôntico, sendo posteriormente realizada a desobstrução mediata com a broca de menor calibre do kit Reforpost, Ângelus® (1,1 mm de diâmetro com ápice medindo 0,7 mm). Eles foram fragmentados e, na porção média, foi analisada a distância entre um ponto externo ao canal e a parte simétrica no seu interior, nas faces mesial, distal, vestibular e lingual, para obtenção dos valores dos remanescentes dentários. Resultados: a média do remanescente vestibular foi de 2.400, do lingual de 2.683, do mesial 1.088 e do distal 0.922mm. A mediana foi, respectivamente, 2.400, 2.650, 1.100 e 0.925. Conclusão: Diante dos dados expostos, fica um alerta que deve motivar a realização de novas pesquisas e gerar mais cautela ao clínico na indicação dos pinos de fibra de vidro em incisivos inferiores

Interventions for wound healing among diabetic patients infected with Staphylococcus aureus: a systematic review

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequent agent isolated in diabetic foot infections and may be associated with changes to wound healing times. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature, including studies that assessed the efficacy of any clinical or surgical intervention, as well as oral or topical therapy for diabetic ulcers infected with S. aureus. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review with a search conducted in databases. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review with a comprehensive search in the Lilacs, SciELO, PubMed/Medline, Old Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library databases, for articles published from 1966 to 2010. The articles selected were limited to studies on diabetic patients with wounds infected with S. aureus for whom their healing was followed up, with the use of either antibiotics or experimental treatments. Animal studies and those that did not report the wound healing, as well as review articles, were excluded. RESULTS: Five studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: There are few studies reporting the healing of wounds infected with S. aureus in diabetic patients, although this is the most commonly found pathogen in this type of wound and it frequently consists of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). There is insufficient evidence to support early use of broad-spectrum antibiotics against MRSA to promote healing of diabetic ulcers, since antibiotic resistance may develop from such treatment. This highlights the need for further studies on the subject

Atypical glandular cells and cervical cancer: systematic review

SummaryAtypical glandular cells are a common finding in cervical cytology in cervical cancer screening and its occurrence has increased in the last decades. The identification of these cells is clinically very important due to its association with cervical and endometrial dysplasic lesions and cancer. Using a systematic approach, this article reviewed studies investigating cervical lesions that are characteristic in patients previously diagnosed as having atypical glandular cells. Studies in which diagnostic investigation did not include histopathological diagnosis were excluded. A comprehensive search for available material in LILACS, SciELO, PubMed/ Medline and Old Medline databases, dated between 1966 and 2009 was performed. Articles omitted by the electronic database search were also included. Nineteen articles met the inclusion criteria and were selected. This report aims at evaluating whether atypical glandular cells, initially found in cervical cytology and subsequently identified at the histological analysis, are related to the presence of benign, pre-malignant and malignant lesions. Eleven out of 19 selected articles showed the highest correlation between atypical glandular cells with benign diseases and six with squamous pre-malignant lesions

Effects of controlled and pressure support mechanical ventilation on rat diaphragm muscle Efeitos da ventilação mecânica controlada e por pressão de suporte no músculo diafragma de ratos

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of Pressure Controlled Ventilation mode (PCV-C) and PSV mode in diaphragm muscle of rats. METHODS: Wistar rats (n=18) were randomly assigned to the control group or to receive 6 hours of PCV and PSV. After this period, animals were euthanized and their diaphragms were excised, frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored in at -80º C for further histomorphometric analysis. RESULTS: Results showed a 15% decrease in cross-sectional area of muscle fibers on the PCV-C group when compared to the control group (p<0.001) and by 10% when compared to the PSV group (p<0.05). Minor diameter was decreased in PCV-C group by 9% when compared with the control group (p<0.001) and by 6% when compared to the PSV group (p<0.05). When myonuclear area was analyzed, a 16% decrease was observed in the PCV-C group when compared to the PSV group (p<0.05). No significant difference between the groups was observed in myonuclear perimeter (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Short-term controlled mechanical ventilation seems to lead to muscular atrophy in diaphragm fibers. The PSV mode may attenuate the effects of VIDD.<br>OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos do modo ventilatório controlado por pressão controlada (PCV-C) e do modo PSV sobre o músculo diafragma de ratos. MÉTODOS: Ratos (n = 18) da linhagem Wistar foram distribuídos no grupo controle (RE) ou para receber AVM por 6 horas no modo PCV-C e no modo PSV. Após esse período, os animais foram eutanasiados, o diafragma retirado e encaminhado para a análise histológica e morfométrica. RESULTADOS: Os resultados revelaram uma redução da área das fibras musculares de 15% no grupo PCV-C em comparação ao controle (p<0,001) e de 10% quando comparado ao grupo PSV (p<0,05). Já com relação ao diâmetro menor observou-se uma redução de 9% do grupo PCV-C em comparação ao controle (p<0,001) e de 6% em relação ao grupo PSV (p<0,05). Quando avaliada a área dos mionúcleos, notou-se uma redução de 16% desse parâmetro no grupo PCV-C, comparado ao PSV (p<0,05). Não houve diferença significativa no perímetro dos mionúcleos entre os grupos estudados (p>0,05). CONCLUSÃO: O grupo PCV-C apresentou atrofia muscular em um período curto de ventilação mecânica. O modo PSV parece atenuar os efeitos da DDIV