LC-HRMS-Database Screening Metrics for Rapid Prioritization of Samples to Accelerate the Discovery of Structurally New Natural Products

In order to accelerate the isolation and characterization of structurally new or novel secondary metabolites, it is crucial to develop efficient strategies that prioritize samples with greatest promise early in the workflow so that resources can be utilized in a more efficient and cost-effective manner. We have developed a metrics-based prioritization approach using exact LC-HRMS, which uses data for 24 618 marine natural products held in the PharmaSea database. Each sample was evaluated and allocated a metric score by a software algorithm based on the ratio of new masses over the total (sample novelty), ratio of known masses over the total (chemical novelty), number of peaks above a defined peak area threshold (sample complexity), and peak area (sample diversity). Samples were then ranked and prioritized based on these metric scores. To validate the approach, eight marine sponges and six tunicate samples collected from the Fiji Islands were analyzed, metric scores calculated, and samples targeted for isolation and characterization of new compounds. Structures of new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques, including 1D and 2D NMR, MS, and MS/MS. Structures were confirmed by computer-assisted structure elucidation methods (CASE) using the ACD/Structure Elucidator Suite

Systematic Review to Inform a World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Practice Guideline: Benefits and Harms of Needling Therapies for Chronic Primary Low Back Pain in Adults

PURPOSE Evaluate benefits and harms of needling therapies (NT) for chronic primary low back pain (CPLBP) in adults to inform a World Health Organization (WHO) standard clinical guideline. METHODS Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing NT compared with placebo/sham, usual care, or no intervention (comparing interventions where the attributable effect could be isolated). We conducted meta-analyses where indicated and graded the certainty of evidence. RESULTS We screened 1831 citations and 109 full text RCTs, yeilding 37 RCTs. The certainty of evidence was low or very low across all included outcomes. There was little or no difference between NT and comparisons across most outcomes; there may be some benefits for certain outcomes. Compared with sham, NT improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (physical) (2 RCTs; SMD = 0.20, 95%CI 0.07; 0.32) at 6 months. Compared with no intervention, NT reduced pain at 2 weeks (21 RCTs; MD = - 1.21, 95%CI - 1.50; - 0.92) and 3 months (9 RCTs; MD = - 1.56, 95%CI - 2.80; - 0.95); and reduced functional limitations at 2 weeks (19 RCTs; SMD = - 1.39, 95%CI - 2.00; - 0.77) and 3 months (8 RCTs; SMD = - 0.57, 95%CI - 0.92; - 0.22). In older adults, NT reduced functional limitations at 2 weeks (SMD = - 1.10, 95%CI - 1.71; - 0.48) and 3 months (SMD = - 1.04, 95%CI - 1.66; - 0.43). Compared with usual care, NT reduced pain (MD = - 1.35, 95%CI - 1.86; - 0.84) and functional limitations (MD = - 2.55, 95%CI - 3.70; - 1.40) at 3 months. CONCLUSION Based on low to very low certainty evidence, adults with CPLBP experienced some benefits in pain, functioning, or HRQoL with NT; however, evidence showed little to no differences for other outcomes

Systematic Review to Inform a World Health Organization (WHO) Clinical Practice Guideline: Benefits and Harms of Structured and Standardized Education or Advice for Chronic Primary low back pain in Adults

PURPOSE: Evaluate benefits and harms of education/advice for chronic primary low back pain (CPLBP) in adults to inform a World Health Organization (WHO) standard clinical guideline. METHODS: Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing education/advice compared with placebo/sham, usual care, or no intervention (including comparison interventions where the attributable effect of education/advice could be isolated). We conducted meta-analyses and graded the certainty of evidence. RESULTS: We screened 2514 citations and 86 full text RCTs and included 15 RCTs. Most outcomes were assessed 3 to 6 months post-intervention. Compared with no intervention, education/advice improved pain (10 RCTs, MD = -1.1, 95% CI -1.63 to -0.56), function (10 RCTs, SMD = -0.51, 95% CI -0.89 to -0.12), physical health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (2 RCTs, MD = 24.27, 95% CI 12.93 to 35.61), fear avoidance (5 RCTs, SMD = -1.4, 95% CI -2.51 to -0.29), depression (1 RCT; MD = 2.10, 95% CI 1.05 to 3.15), and self-efficacy (1 RCT; MD = 4.4, 95% CI 2.77 to 6.03). Education/advice conferred less benefit than sham Kinesio taping for improving fear avoidance regarding physical activity (1 RCT, MD = 5.41, 95% CI 0.28 to 10.54). Compared with usual care, education/advice improved pain (1 RCT, MD = -2.10, 95% CI -3.13 to -1.07) and function (1 RCT, MD = -7.80, 95% CI -14.28 to -1.32). There was little or no difference between education/advice and comparisons for other outcomes. For all outcomes, the certainty of evidence was very low. CONCLUSION: Education/advice in adults with CPLBP was associated with improvements in pain, function, HRQoL, and psychological outcomes, but with very low certainty

Think and Act: Reflective Tool for professionals working with families (TART). Summary version

The IO3 aims to help organise and articulate reflection by the professional who works with families in situations of vulnerability or that are at risk and encourages professionals to continue questioning themselves about the processes of accompanying families with a broad, systemic, and ecological perspective. - The content of TART (IO3) is focused on a series of specific challenges of attention and intervention with today’s families in Europe. These challenges are listed in the previous IO by describing situations (IO1) and mentioning the main challenges that were identified by the professionals, parents, and young people (IO2). - The tool can be used both by the direct care professionals themselves to address their own practice, as well as by professionals who are dedicated to supervising teams, or by professionals who guide the professional practices of university students

Think and Act: Reflective Tool for professionals working with families (TART)

This tool, Think and Act: Reflective Tool for Professionals working with Families (TART) (hereinafter TART) has been created within the framework of the Erasmus + Grow in Family Today project (hereinafter GIFT) (2018-FR01-KA202-0488115) with the participation of 4 European countries (France, Spain, Italy and Romania) represented by 4 entities and/or professional services that attend families in vulnerable situations (Caminante-FR, Consell Comarcal del Vallès Occidental-ESP, Casa di Ramia-IT and Holtis-RO) and the universities of 4 European countries (Pau et Pays de l’Adour University-UPPA-FR; Barcelona University and Lleida University-ESP; Padova University and Verona University-IT; Iasi University-RO). Within the framework of the GIFT project, two previous intellectual outputs have been created that are antecedents to and complement this current output. The first of them "Growing in family today: the challenge of diversity" addresses the issue of the family and the exercise of parenthood in the family today from the perspective of diversity, and identifies the main challenges in terms of intervention, defined by the components of the aforementioned partnership. The second output, entitled “Representations of growing in family today” focuses on the view held by families, fathers, mothers, sons and daughters, as well as professionals, of what it means to grow in a family today. Both intellectual outputs are antecedents of this third intellectual output and contribute valuable elements to nurture the reflective processes that are proposed here..

Instrumentos de evaluación. Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad de madres e hijos durante el período perinatal

Este texto es el resultado de un trabajo colectivo entre cuatro equipos de profesionales de distintas nacionalidades en la combinación entre la práctica profesional y las perspectivas teóricas. El documento pretende resaltar los diferentes objetos y marcos teóricos involucrados y analizar su complementariedad y diferencias mediante el análisis de los instrumentos para la evaluación de la vulnerabilidad que cada equipo ha adoptado durante la práctica profesional.Proyecto Europeo CapeVfair. Erasmus

Instrumentos de diagnóstico de la vulnerabilidad durante el período perinatal

El presente documento es el resultado de la reflexión común de los profesionales y académicos involucrados en el proyecto CAPEvFAIR, sobre los instrumentos para el diagnóstico de la vulnerabilidad de la díada madre-hijo durante el período perinatal. El documento empieza con una descripción de la fase de diagnóstico de la vulnerabilidad durante la perinatalidad dentro del marco lógico del proyecto, seguido por las cuestiones que se tuvieron en cuenta al describir los instrumentos de diagnóstico específicos para cada grupo objetivo (madres con adicción, madres adolescentes, madres migrantes, madres en situaciones de pobreza). La presentación sintética y la descripción de los instrumentos son sistematizadas dependiendo de los grupos objetivo, gracias a la contribución de las organizaciones que cuentan con experiencia trabajando con aspectos específicos de la vulnerabilidad, compañeros en el proyecto CAPEvFAIR desde Francia, España, Italia y Rumanía. Este material puede ser usado por varios especialistas que trabajan con la madre y su hijo durante el período perinatal, como fuente de inspiración para adaptar los instrumentos proporcionados a contextos específicos. Las plantillas de los instrumentos descritos se presentan en los anexos del documento.Proyecto Europeo CapeVfair. Erasmus