Single grain (U-Th)/He ages from phosphates in Acapulco meteorite and implications for thermal history

The cooling history of the Acapulco meteorite for >400°C is well established using various chronometers suggesting extremely fast cooling (>1000°C/Ma). In contrast, the thermal history for low temperatures (<400°C) is poorly understood because of large uncertainties in the chronometers applicable to this temperature range. To better constrain the cooling history for the low-temperature range, we applied (U–Th)/He dating techniques to individual phosphate grains. One whitlockite and 11 apatite grains yielded (U–Th)/He ages ranging from 1272±22 (1σ, analytical error only) Ma to 4584±51 Ma, with tight clustering at ∼4.55 Ga. The weighted mean of the five oldest ages (4538±32 Ma, 1σ uncertainty including systematic error) is suggested to be the minimum age representing primary cooling of the Acapulco body passing through ∼120°C. Although it is impossible to precisely quantify the effects of energetic α particle ejection from the outermost ∼20 μm of the phosphates, petrographic evidence suggests that most dated samples are fragments likely derived from the interior of larger grains, thus greatly reducing this source of error. Indeed the five oldest samples cannot have suffered substantial ejection since the uncorrected ages are identical with the crystallization age of the Acapulco meteorite. The new (U–Th)/He data suggest rapid cooling of Acapulco down to ∼120°C. This evidence suggests that the younger ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar age (4507±9 (1σ) Ma) obtained from Acapulco plagioclase, which should reflect cooling through ∼300°C, is spuriously young due to systematic errors (i.e., decay constants and/or standard data) in the ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar method, as suggested by comparison between high-precision ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar and U/Pb ages for terrestrial volcanic rocks. The scattered He age distribution <4.0 Ga implies very heterogeneous thermal disturbances after the primary cooling of the body

Proteomic Profiling and Epitope Analysis of the Complex α-, γ-, and ω-Gliadin Families in a Commercial Bread Wheat

Wheat gliadins are a complex group of proteins that contribute to the functional properties of wheat flour doughs and contain epitopes that are relevant for celiac disease (CD) and wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA). In this study, we extracted ethanol-soluble gliadin fractions from flour of the Korean bread wheat cultivar Keumkang. Proteins were separated by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) using a pI range of 6–11 in the first dimension and subjected to tandem mass spectrometry. α-, γ-, and ω-gliadins were identified as the predominant proteins in 31, 28, and one 2-DE spot, respectively. An additional six ω-gliadins were identified in a separate experiment in which a pI range of 3–11 was used for protein separation. We analyzed the composition of CD- and WDEIA-relevant epitopes in the gliadin sequences from Keumkang flour, demonstrating the immunogenic potential of this cultivar. Detailed knowledge about the complement of gliadins accumulated in Keumkang flour provides the background necessary to devise either breeding or biotechnology strategies to improve the functional properties and reduce the adverse health effects of the flour

sj-docx-1-ltj-10.1177_02655322231225426 – Supplemental material for A shortened test is feasible: Evaluating a large-scale multistage adaptive English language assessment

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ltj-10.1177_02655322231225426 for A shortened test is feasible: Evaluating a large-scale multistage adaptive English language assessment by Shangchao Min and Kyoungwon Bishop in Language Testing</p

SHUNIT: Style Harmonization for Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation

We propose a novel solution for unpaired image-to-image (I2I) translation. To translate complex images with a wide range of objects to a different domain, recent approaches often use the object annotations to perform per-class source-to-target style mapping. However, there remains a point for us to exploit in the I2I. An object in each class consists of multiple components, and all the sub-object components have different characteristics. For example, a car in CAR class consists of a car body, tires, windows and head and tail lamps, etc., and they should be handled separately for realistic I2I translation. The simplest solution to the problem will be to use more detailed annotations with sub-object component annotations than the simple object annotations, but it is not possible. The key idea of this paper is to bypass the sub-object component annotations by leveraging the original style of the input image because the original style will include the information about the characteristics of the sub-object components. Specifically, for each pixel, we use not only the per-class style gap between the source and target domains but also the pixel’s original style to determine the target style of a pixel. To this end, we present Style Harmonization for unpaired I2I translation (SHUNIT). Our SHUNIT generates a new style by harmonizing the target domain style retrieved from a class memory and an original source image style. Instead of direct source-to-target style mapping, we aim for source and target styles harmonization. We validate our method with extensive experiments and achieve state-of-the-art performance on the latest benchmark sets. The source code is available online: https://github.com/bluejangbaljang/SHUNIT

An application of GIS analysis on structural data from metamorphic rocks in Santorini island

Η ηφαιστειακή νήσος Σαντορίνη βρίσκεται στη βόρεια Κρητική θάλασσα και αποτελεί τμήμα  του  σύγχρονου  ηφαιστειακού  τόξου  του  Αιγαίου.  Το  άνοιγμα  της  Κρητικής θάλασσας  είναι  το  αποτέλεσμα  μίας  σειράς  πλαστικών  και  θραυστικών  ρηγμάτων αποκόλλησης που διαμορφώθηκαν από το Μέσο Μειόκαινο. Ένα ρήγμα αποκόλλησης μεταξύ δύο μεταμορφωμένων ενοτήτων εντοπίζεται στην περιοχή Αθηνιό, της νήσου Σαντορίνη. Στις ενότητες των μεταμορφωμένων πετρωμάτων προσδιορίστικαν κοινά χαρακτηριστικά δομών θραυστικής παραμόρφωσης αλλά διαφορετικά χαρακτηριστικά πλαστικής  και  πλαστικής-θραυστικής  παραμόρφωσης  δομές.  Διαφορετικές  θερμικές ιστορίες  μεταξύ  των  δύο  μεταμορφικών  ενοτήτων  αναδεικνύουν  την  Μειοκαινική μεταμορφωμένη  ενότητα  να  βρίσκεται  τεκτονικά  κάτω  από  την  Ηωκαινική μεταμορφωμένη ενότητα. Στην εργασία αυτή, δημιουργήθηκε ένας χάρτης πρόβλεψης της εμφάνισης τεκτονικών χαρακτηριστικών στην περιοχή Αθηνιός δημιουργήθηκε με στατιστικό και γεωγραφικό σύστημα πληροφοριών (G.I.S.) υπολογιστικό πρόγραμμα, όπου  παρουσιάζεται  μία  χωρική  κατανομή  συναφή  με  την  εμφάνιση  των  δύο μεταμορφωμένων  ενοτήτων. K-Mean     ανάλυση  συστάδων  χρησιμοποιώντας SPSS   υπολογιστικό πρόγραμμα δείχνει μία χωρική κατανομή συναφή με την εμφάνιση των δύο  μεταμορφωμένων  ενοτήτων.  Η K-mean    ανάλυση  συστάδων  χρησιμοποιώντας SPSS    υπολογιστικό  πρόγραμμα  σε  αζιμούθια  γραμμώσεων  των  μεταμορφωμένων ενοτήτων και δείχνει δύο πληθυσμούς με αντίστοιχες ιδιοτιμές 347.2o ± 0.73o μοίρες  (ΒΒΔ  προς  Β)  kαι 004o  ±  0.83o  μοίρες  (Β  προς  ΒΒΑ).  Ο  πληθυσμός  των  ΒΒΔ-γράμμωσης  (παράλληλη  γρά μμωση  στο  τόξο)  ανήκει  στην  κατώτερη  Μειοκαινική μεταμορφωμένη ενότητα και ο πληθυσμός της  ΒΒΑ-γράμμωσης αντιπροσωπεύει την Ηωκαινική μεταμορφωμένη ενότητα που έχει επηρεαστεί από την κάθετη γράμμωση στο   ηφαιστειακό τόξο.  Ο  γεωστατιστικός  χάρτης  τύπου ordinary  Kriging  δείχνει πιθανές εμφανίσεις των τεκτονικών επαφών των δύο ενοτήτων. Η μεθοδολογία αυτή μας  παρέχει τη  δυνατότητα  δημιουργίας  χάρτη  πρόβλεψης  εμφάνισης  δομών  που διευκολύνει την εργασία υπαίθρου για τεκτονικές και δομικές αναλύσεις καθώς και για πιο   αποτελεσματική δειγματοληψία θερμοχρονολόγηση.The Santorini volcanic island is located in the northern Cretan Sea and is part of the ecent subduction-related volcanic arc. The opening of Cretan Sea is the result of extension associated with a series of ductile and brittle detachment faults developed since the Middle Miocene. A detachment between two exhumed metamorphic units is exposed at Athinios, on Santorini Island. Two exhumed metamorphic units are identified that show evidence of similar brittle deformation, but distinctive ductile and ductile-brittle structures. Different thermal histories indicate that a Miocene metamorphic unit is juxtaposed structurally below an Eocene metamorphic unit. In this paper, a prediction map of structural observations in Athinios is generated with statistical and GIS software, and shows a spatial distribution consistent with the exposure of two metamorphic units.  K-Mean Cluster analysis using SPSS software on lineation azimuths of the metamorphic rock units shows two populations with center values of 347.2o ± 0.73o degrees (NNW to N) and 003.4o ± 0.83o degrees (N to NNE). NNW-lineation (arc-parallel extension) population belongs to the lower Miocene metamorphic unit and the NNE-lineation represents the Eocene metamorphic unit that was affected by arc-normal extension. A geostatistical map of ordinary Kriging type displays the possible exposed tectonic contacts. This methodology provides  a  structural  prediction  map  that  after  field  verification  facilitates  efficient structural and thermochronological sampling

Multiple post-depositional thermal events in the Drummond Basin, Australia:Evidence from apatite and zircon (U[sbnd]Th)/He thermochronology

Multiple phases of extension and contraction in orogens can produce relatively complicated thermal histories for sedimentary basins as recorded by thermochronological datasets. This makes it difficult to determine which tectonic events had the most impact on the thermal state, and were drivers of exhumation, of the upper crust. In this study, apatite and zircon (U[sbnd]Th)/He data obtained from five drill core samples (Campaspe DDH-1) from the Drummond Basin are used to construct a continuous, post-depositional thermal history of this Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous rift basin. Detrital zircon U/Pb ages indicate a maximum depositional age of ~340 Ma for the sampled formations, however, most apatite (U[sbnd]Th)/He (AHe) analyses yielded apparent ages of 30–100 Ma (n = 35) and zircon (U[sbnd]Th)/He (ZHe) analyses gave ages of 200–340 Ma (n = 67). Zircon (U[sbnd]Th)/(He[sbnd]Pb) double dating yielded no correlation between U/Pb and ZHe ages, with all the ZHe ages younger than depositional age. These data indicate disturbance of the ZHe and AHe systems after deposition. Inverse thermal history modeling using the QTQt and HeFTy codes suggests the samples experienced two post-depositional heating-cooling cycles: (1) rapid heating to ~150–195 °C at ~300 Ma was followed by rapid cooling to near-surface temperatures of ~50 +50/−30 °C between 270 and 240 Ma, and (2) gradual heating until the Early Cretaceous, when temperatures increased to ~105 +15/−10 °C followed by rapid cooling beginning ~90 Ma. We relate the ~300 Ma heating to the Kennedy-Connors-Auburn silicic large igneous province, revealing that major regional igneous events can significantly perturb a basin thermal history. In contrast, the slow temperature increase between ~270 and 100 Ma is related to progressive burial by overlying sediments of the Galilee and Great Australian basins. Finally, rapid cooling beginning ~90 Ma was synchronous with rift margin exhumation.</p

Resting-state electroencephalographic characteristics related to mild cognitive impairments

Alzheimer's disease (AD) causes a rapid deterioration in cognitive and physical functions, including problem-solving, memory, language, and daily activities. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered a risk factor for AD, and early diagnosis and treatment of MCI may help slow the progression of AD. Electroencephalography (EEG) analysis has become an increasingly popular tool for developing biomarkers for MCI and AD diagnosis. Compared with healthy elderly, patients with AD showed very clear differences in EEG patterns, but it is inconclusive for MCI. This study aimed to investigate the resting-state EEG features of individuals with MCI (n = 12) and cognitively healthy controls (HC) (n = 13) with their eyes closed. EEG data were analyzed using spectral power, complexity, functional connectivity, and graph analysis. The results revealed no significant difference in EEG spectral power between the HC and MCI groups. However, we observed significant changes in brain complexity and networks in individuals with MCI compared with HC. Patients with MCI exhibited lower complexity in the middle temporal lobe, lower global efficiency in theta and alpha bands, higher local efficiency in the beta band, lower nodal efficiency in the frontal theta band, and less small-world network topology compared to the HC group. These observed differences may be related to underlying neuropathological alterations associated with MCI progression. The findings highlight the potential of network analysis as a promising tool for the diagnosis of MCI