Diversification Management at Tertiary Education Level: A Review

This paper examines the concept of management of diversification at tertiary education level in view of the growth of national secondary education system which vested high scramble for tertiary education was made in relation to question of access and expansion. This paper examines management of diversification at tertiary education level as a means by which tertiary education prepares itself to cope with the challenges that result from mass enrolment of primary and secondary schools. It reviewed that, often, a straightforward relationship is presumed between the growth of students’ body and the expansion of tertiary education levels and between the growth of students’ numbers and the diversity of such within the concept of its carrying capacity. Quality and standard of tertiary education, irrelevance of curricula to community aspirations, employability of school graduates, the continued reduction of financial resources and growing accountability measures imposed by governments on tertiary education were identified among others as probable problems of diversification of tertiary education in Nigeria. The paper also explores probable solutions to problems of diversification in tertiary education levels in Nigeria. For best practice to be obtained in our tertiary education, the paper recommends that strict adherence to the provision of the tertiary education autonomy using the yardstick of global best practices; diversification of funding by attracting private sectors; updating and restructuring institutional curriculum to meet national and globalised market demands and setting up effective monitoring system should be put in place by educational stakeholders

Isolation and partial characterization of alkylferulate from Entada africana (Guill. & Perr.) stem bark extract

Investigation of the bioactive constituents of Entada africana crude extract afforded the isolation of alkylferulate. The hexane soluble portion of acetone/methanol (1:1v/v) crude stem bark extract of Entada africana was subjected to column chromatography on silica gel 60 (60-200) mesh size. Gradient column elution yielded an isolate coded AC4 with Rf value of 0.65 in hexane/diethyl ether (3:2). The isolate was characterized using IR, NMR and in comparison with literature data. The analysis of spectroscopic data and literature comparison strongly suggests that AC4 is an alkylferulate; a known hypolipidemic agent in addition to other biological uses. The isolation of alkylferulate partly lays credence to the use of Entada africana in traditional medicine practice

Isolation and characterization of Stigmasta-7, 22-dien-3-ol (α-Spinasterol) from Entada africana stem bark crude extract

The phytochemical  investigation of the stem bark extracts of Entada africana led to the isolation and characterization of Stigmasta-7,22-dien-3-ol from the dichloromethane soluble portion of acetone/methanol (1:1v/v) crude extract. The powdered stem bark sample of Entada africana was defatted with hexane and extracted with acetone/methanol (1:1v/v) mixture. The dichloromethane soluble fraction was purified on a low pressure column containing silica gel 60 (60-200 mesh). The purification afforded an isolate coded Enac3 (85 mg) with Rf value of 0.404 in hexane/ethyl acetate (4:1). The isolate was characterized using IR, NMR data and in comparison with literature. Analysis of spectroscopic data and literature comparison suggests Enac3 as stigmasta-7, 22-dien-3-ol. The isolation of stigmasta-7, 22-dien-3-ol from the stem bark of Entada africana suggests the presence of useful bioactive principles which could be exploited for medicinal purposes

Effect of Information Disclosure on Compliance with CAMA 2004 of Listed Telecommunication Companies in Nigeria

Compliance with regulatory requirements has increasingly become a concern of corporate and public sector management. However, little is known about why some companies are not complying with CAMA in Nigeria. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of information disclosure on compliance with CAMA 2004 of listed telecommunication companies in Nigeria.  The study adopted ex-post facto research design using secondary data.  The data was collected from the financial statements of four telecommunication companies for the period of 2011 to 2015. The multiple regression statistics was used to analyze the data. The finding reveals that the compliance index computed indicates that the telecommunication fully complied with CAMA.  Furthermore, the attributes (MID and VID) have positive correlation with compliance with CAMA. It is concluded that, it is not only compliance with accounting standards, but also compliance with the legal statutes such as CAMA for users of accounting information to obtain quality information for their various users decision- making. It is therefore recommended that NCC should monitor the compliance with the requirements of information disclosure and pursue its objective to achieve best corporate governance practice in telecommunication. Keywords: Compliance; CAMA; Information disclosure; Telecommunication companies; Nigeri

Isolation, characterization and biological properties of betulin from Entada africana Guill. and Perr. (Mimosaceae).

The present study is aimed at the isolation and characterization of betulin from Entada africana.  A dichloromethane soluble portion of the stem bark methanol/acetone (1:1 v/v) extract was subjected to gradient elution using ethyl acetate in hexane (5 – 30 %) on an open column. A pure compound was obtained with Rf = 0.61 in hexane/ethyl acetate (8:2 v/v) after repeated washing and recrystallization from methanol and coded Enac1. The pure compound was analyzed using IR, 1H & 13C NMR and GC-MS. Clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus were used to assess the antibacterial activity of the pure compound while its preliminary Cytotoxicity was evaluated using brine shrimp nauplii. Based on the spectroscopic data obtained and in comparison with literature, the isolated compound was identified as betulin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of betulin ranged between 62.50 - 250.00 µg/mL for all the four bacterial isolates in the study while its fifty percent lethal concentration (LC50) was 10.00 µg/mL. Significant Cytotoxicity with moderate antibacterial activity was observed. The study therefore justifies the existence of bioactive compounds in the stem bark of Entada africana and its use in traditional medicine

Age factor and proximate compositions of the muscle of Heterobranchus Bidorsalis exposed to graded concentrations of bonny-light crude oil

Variationsin the proximate compositions of three age groups of Heterobranchus bidorsalis exposed to graded concentrations of Bonny-light crude oil (BLCO) were investigated in the laboratory. The sh were exposed to 1.00, 2.00, 4.00 and 8.00 ml L-1 concentrations of BLCO for 4 days (toxicity) and 42 days (recovery) periods. Signiicant decreases (P < 0.05) in the crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash (AS) and dry matter (DM) contents of the juvenle (JV), the yearling (YRL) and theadult (AD) fish were BLCO-concentration dependent. Lower CP values in the adult fish than in the juveniles or the yearlings implies that the crude oil compounds might have depeted the quantity oprotein faster in the adults than in the juveniles or the yearlings. Signiicant decreases (P < 005) in the EE content of the fish muscle could be attributed to the harmful effects of petroleum-relatedaromatic compound (ACs) on animals. These ACs might have caused decreases in the muscle triglycerides of the total lipid (EE) content of thethree age groups of the fish. Significant increases (P < 0.05) in the nitrogen free extract (NFE) of the fish muscle might have been due to the high energy demand imposed on the fish as a positive survival value under the condition of crude oil stress.Keywords: Heterobranchus bidorsalis, Age groups, Proximate composition, Bonny-light crude oil, Toxicit

Competitiveness of Groundnut Processing in Adamawa State, Nigeria

The research is financed by Kwaji Emmanuel, Student of Agricultural Economics and Environmental Policy programme (M.AgSE), Centre of Excellence in Agricultural Development and Sustainable Environment. Federal University of Agriculture (FUNAAB), Abeokuta, Nigeria. Abstract The study assessed the competitiveness of groundnut processing in Adamawa State, Nigeria. The objective was to examine the competitiveness of groundnut processing in the study area. Secondary and primary data were used; structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from 200 groundnut processors using multistage sampling procedure from 10 selected Local Government Area. The data were analyzed using policy analysis matrix (PAM). The analysis revealed that the processors private profit was (₦5,153,672.4/MT), social profitability (₦-6,112,076.31/MT). Results of sensitivity analysis revealed that groundnut processing is competitive in Adamawa State  and DRC ratio still remain negative indicating that the processing of groundnut does not have comparative advantage at social price. The study recommends that; Policy makers should discourage any policy measures to import groundnut or groundnut products and encourage the domestic production that will boost output to ensure availability of raw groundnut throughout the year for groundnut processors. Keywords: competitiveness, groundnut, processing, matrix, policy DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/11-24-03 Publication date: December 31st 2021

HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN PUBLIC TERTIARY EDUCATION OF KADUNA STATE

Human capital development denotes the most valuable and critical assets in the public tertiary education and it is globally recognized as a key driver for innovation and sustainable development. However, the study examines the effect of human capital development in public tertiary education of Kaduna state. The population of this study was made up of the all the public Tertiary Institutions in Kaduna State (Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna state University, Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic Zaria, Kaduna Polytechnic, National College of education Zaria and Kaduna state college of education Gidan Waya. Twenty-five questionnaires were administered to each public institution. 150 questionnaires administered and 112 were retrieved from the respondents which was used as the sample size. Therefore, the impact and significance of human capital development in Public Tertiary Education in Kaduna State will no doubt enhance learning as well as development in all area of human endeavor. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the Nigerian government should develop an adequate human capital with global skills and e-learning practices, with proper training partnership with other domestic industries, technical training institutions and research institutions internationally. Also, there is an urgent need for the federal and state government to raise their spending on education in order to fulfill the 26% UNESCO criterion by increasing staff costs and salaries, which will aid in advancing knowledge, increasing production, and fostering national progres

Ethnobotanical study of plants used by the traditional healers to treat malaria in Mogovolas district, northern Mozambique

Malaria is an important parasitic disease that affects mostly the African continent. Traditional medicine is very important in Mozambique and traditional healers play a key role in the primary health care services, particularly in rural areas. We aim to report the results of an ethnobotanical survey undertaken in Mogovolas district, northern region of Mozambique. We recorded and identified the medicinal plants used by traditional healers for treatment of malaria, as well as the mode of preparation and administration