Особенности реализации политики информационной безопасности в создании рациональной системы электронного документального сотрудничества для государственных и коммерческих структур Украины

The article presents an algorithm for a reasonable choice of a rational electronic document management system from an existing set of analogues. The main selection criteria are due to the functionality of the software and hardware architectures of the system, as well as the limited number of financial resources. The article substantiates that the information security policy of such a system: first, it will guarantee the adequacy of the level of information protection to the level of its criticality and profitability of implementing information protection measures; secondly, it will allow to evaluate and check the security of information; thirdly, it will ensure the personification of the provisions of the security policy (in relation to the subjects of the EDS) and the reporting (registration, audit) for all critical resources from the security point of view; Fourthly, it will provide visibility of measures to protect information, continuity of the operation of such a system and its restoration in case of unforeseen situations, and so on. Models of threats and the infringer of the chosen CSA will allow to determine the necessary levels of the functioning of the information security subsystem,namely the level of organizational and technical measures, the level of current control and the level of elimination of the consequences of the realized threatsВ статье изложен алгоритм обоснованного выбора рациональной системы электронного документооборота из существующего множества аналогов. Основные критерии выбора обусловлены функциональностью программной и аппаратной архитектур системы, а также ограниченным количеством финансовых ресурсов. В статье обосновано, что политика безопасности информации такой системы: во-первых, даст гарантии адекватности уровня защиты информации уровню ее критичности и рентабельности реализации мероприятий по защите информации; во-вторых, позволит оценить и проверить защищенность информации; в-третьих, обеспечит персонифицикацию положений политики безопасности (в отношении субъектов СЭД) и отчетности (регистрации, аудита)для всех критических с точки зрения безопасности ресурсов; в-четвертых, обеспечит наглядность мероприятий по защиты информации, непрерывность работы такой системы и ее восстановление в случае возникновения непредвиденных ситуаций, и так далее. Модели угроз и нарушителя выбранной СЭД позволят определить необходимые уровни функционирования подсистемы обеспечения безопасности информации, а именно уровень организационно-технических мероприятий, уровень текущего контроля и уровень устранения последствий реализованных угро

Adaptation of Municipal Governance Mechanisms to European Standards

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0The article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation and adaptation of mechanisms of municipal government of Ukraine to international standards of quality management. It is revealed that the standards of the ISO 9001 series (with an explanation to them concerning the municipal management of ISO 18091) are a generalization of the advanced world experience in the field of quality management. Generalized approaches to the definition of the category “municipal government” and provided a universal author's definition of this category, which includes all the best domestic and international experience in researching this problem. It is proved that the transition to the formation of an effective municipal government of Ukrainian cities requires a comprehensive review of the entire system of local self-government, management technology, decision-making practices and allocation of available resources. Factors influencing the system of municipal management, which are specific to each local entity, are identified and analyzed. Typical processes of municipal management and statement of problems for their introduction on the basis of use in process of municipal management of process approach are defined. The system of the basic processes of integrated quality management of municipal management of Ukraine which are universal and effective mechanisms of adaptation of the international standards to modern domestic municipal management is constructed. Based on international standards and domestic conditions, a system of integrated diagnostics, testing, evaluation and action for the formation of high-quality effective municipal government of Ukraine has been developed and recommendations for its implementation have been provided. It is concluded that the value of the theoretical and methodological and practical results presented in the study lies in the possibility of their application to improve the mechanisms of municipal governance and their adaptation to international standards of quality management

Surface layering of liquids: The role of surface tension

Recent measurements show that the free surfaces of liquid metals and alloys are always layered, regardless of composition and surface tension; a result supported by three decades of simulations and theory. Recent theoretical work claims, however, that at low enough temperatures the free surfaces of all liquids should become layered, unless preempted by bulk freezing. Using x-ray reflectivity and diffuse scattering measurements we show that there is no observable surface-induced layering in water at T=298 K, thus highlighting a fundamental difference between dielectric and metallic liquids. The implications of this result for the question in the title are discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B. 69 (2004

A research agenda to improve incidence and outcomes of assisted vaginal birth

Access to emergency obstetric care, including assisted vaginal birth and caesarean birth, is crucial for improving maternal and childbirth outcomes. However, although the proportion of births by caesarean section has increased during the last few decades, the use of assisted vaginal birth has declined. This is particularly the case in low- and middle-income countries, despite an assisted vaginal birth often being less risky than caesarean birth. We therefore conducted a three-step process to identify a research agenda necessary to increase the use of, or reintroduce, assisted vaginal birth: after conducting an evidence synthesis, which informed a consultation with technical experts who proposed an initial research agenda, we sought and incorporated the views of women's representatives of this agenda. This process has allowed us to identify a comprehensive research agenda, with topics categorized as: (i) the need to understand women's perceptions of assisted vaginal birth, and provide appropriate and reliable information; (ii) the importance of training health-care providers in clinical skills but also in respectful care, effective communication, shared decision-making and informed consent; and (iii) the barriers to and facilitators of implementation and sustainability. From women's feedback, we learned of the urgent need to recognize labour, childbirth and postpartum experiences as inherently physiological and dignified human processes, in which interventions should only be implemented if necessary. The promotion and/or reintroduction of assisted vaginal birth in low-resource settings requires governments, policy-makers and hospital administrators to support skilled health-care providers who can, in turn, respectfully support women in labour and childbirth. [Abstract copyright: (c) 2023 The authors; licensee World Health Organization.

Pitting Suppression of AISI 316 Stainless Steel Plates in Conditions of Ultrasonic Vibration

Plate heat exchangers are widespread type of equipment that suffers from pitting corrosion in chloride containing solutions. Anodic behaviour of AISI 316 stainless steel was tested in 3.5% NaCl solution in conditions of ultrasound vibration (27 kHz, 10 W). The potentiodynamic sweep, potentiostatic technique, and galvanostatic technique were used coupled with surface morphology investigation after polarization. The pitting potential increased from 0.26 ± 0.02 V/SSCE to 0.42 ± 0.05 V/SSCE, and repassivation potential increased from 0.03 ± 0.01 V/SSCE to 0.18 ± 0.04 V/SSCE when vibration was applied. The anodic current at applied potential in pitting region was two orders of magnitude lower in conditions of ultrasound vibration. A possible mechanism of vibration influence on pitting is proposed, which is the elimination of pit covers from the vibrating surface, vibration-induced electrolyte motion in and out of the pits, and repassivation of active metal inside the pits

Control of Levitating Particle in Ultrasound Field

The experimental setup for ultrasonic controlled levitation in the air has been developed. Two phased arrays made of 91 ultrasonic radiators placed in front of each other are used. Arrays are focused in the region of particle levitation. The length of the focus area allows us to move the particles along it, controlling the standing waves through the phase difference of the two arrays

Control of Levitating Particle in Ultrasound Field

The experimental setup for ultrasonic controlled levitation in the air has been developed. Two phased arrays made of 91 ultrasonic radiators placed in front of each other are used. Arrays are focused in the region of particle levitation. The length of the focus area allows us to move the particles along it, controlling the standing waves through the phase difference of the two arrays