HUBUNGAN ANTARA BODY MASS INDEX DAN STATUS GLIKEMIK PADA INDIVIDU DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TANGGUNGHARJO KABUPATEN GROBOGAN

Correlations between Body Mass Index and Glycemic Status in Individuals in Grobogan Regency xx +101 pages + 9 tables + 9 figures + 10 appendixes Body Mass Index have provided hyperglycemia problems with higher medical costs due to macro and microvascular complications. The purposed of this study was to determine the relationship between BMI and glycemic status. This research used cross sectional design with non probabilistic and saturated sampling method. Blood glucose examination was performed using Glucose Fasting Plasma. The results showed that class 1 obesity and grade 2 hyperglycemia are still a problem of comorbidity Diabetes Mellitus. The results also showed that the majority of obese and normoweight respondents experienced normoglycaemia, whereas overweight and underweight had more hyperglycemia. The conclusions of the outcome analysis between BMI and glycemic status are interrelated (p; 0.004 or p <0.05). This research suggested that BMI 27 kg/m2 with age ≥ 45 years can be done examination of glycemia to know hyperglycemia abnormalities in patient individual of Public Health Center. Keywords : Body Mass Index, glycemic state Unit Bibliography : 124 (1996-2017

GAMBARAN KONTROL DAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS DI POLIKLINIK PENYAKIT DALAM RSJ PROF. Dr. SOEROJO MAGELANG

Glycaemic control is an effort to control blood glucose in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients. This control routinely done one time in three month which includes examination of fasting blood glucose and postprandial glucose, and examination of HbA1c. The aims of this study was to describe the glycaemic control of DM patient in Polyclinic Internal of RSJ Prof. Dr. Soerojo Magelang. This study was descriptive involved 195 medical records. The results showed that the average patient age is early elderly(32.8%), female sex (61.5%), senior high school education (31.8%), and most patients do not regularly in glycaemic control (65.5%). The patients do not regularly control fasting blood sugar and control postprandial glucose by 54.4% and 62.1%. The average of control fasting blood sugar and average postprandial glucose is bad(75.3% and 90.5%). All patients conduct HbA1c examination irregularly. Nurses as educator is very important to educate patients about blood glucose control. Monitoring glycaemic control will avoid the risk of complications

GAMBARAN KONTROL DAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS DI POLIKLINIK PENYAKIT DALAM RSJ PROF. Dr. SOEROJO MAGELANG

Glycaemic control is an effort to control blood glucose in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients. This control routinely done one time in three month which includes examination of fasting blood glucose and postprandial glucose, and examination of HbA1c. The aims of this study was to describe the glycaemic control of DM patient in Polyclinic Internal of RSJ Prof. Dr. Soerojo Magelang. This study was descriptive involved 195 medical records. The results showed that the average patient age is early elderly(32.8%), female sex (61.5%), senior high school education (31.8%), and most patients do not regularly in glycaemic control (65.5%). The patients do not regularly control fasting blood sugar and control postprandial glucose by 54.4% and 62.1%. The average of control fasting blood sugar and average postprandial glucose is bad(75.3% and 90.5%). All patients conduct HbA1c examination irregularly. Nurses as educator is very important to educate patients about blood glucose control. Monitoring glycaemic control will avoid the risk of complications

The Effect of Physical Activity on Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Hypertension

Physical activity plays an important role in controlling blood glucose levels and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM patients should follow the principle of FITT (frequency, intensity, type and time) while doing a physical activity, which has a direct effect on their health condition. However, the identification of physical activity in DM patients with hypertension is still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the effect of physical activity on DM patients with hypertension. Accordingly, this cross-sectional study included patients with hypertension, aged 18–65 years, able to communicate verbally, and visiting a public healthcare centre in Semarang between February and March 2020. The Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire (BPAQ) was used to identify the physical activities done by the participants. Quantitative data analysis revealed the distribution of frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. A total of 150 respondents participated in the study, mostly in late adulthood (54.7%), women (68%), and having DM with hypertension for one–five years. The results showed that 40.7% of the respondents had a low level of physical activity, of which 46% did not play any sport and 92.7% had low occupational physical activity. The average leisure time index was 2.31 ± 0.6, which means that most of them did a few physical activities during leisure time. It is concluded that since many DM patients with hypertensions were categorized as having low level of physical activity, this may affect their blood glucose level and blood pressure. Keywords: blood glucose, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, physical activit

Status Glikemik Pada Individu Di Semarang

Introduction: Glycemic status is a condition that indicates blood sugar levels as an indicator of the health of individuals. It is need to monitor regularly in order to prevent hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. However, less people aware to do that. This study aimed to identify glycemic status of individual in Semarang. Metods: It was a cross-sectional study in 21 public health in Semarang that randomly selected from 37 public health. Oral Glucose Test Tolerance (OGTT) and HbA1c were done after peripherally screening for random glucose level. Univariate analysis was performed to calculate frequency and percentage of each variable. There were 105 respondents participated in this study. Results: The study found that the mean age of respondents were 38.57±14.84. Findings from this study revealed that 79.05% respondents had normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 17.15% respondents had prediabetes, and 3.81% had diabetes mellitus. All respondents had never been diagnosed either prediabetes or diabetes mellitus before. Therefore, the result of this glycemic status should be considered to maintain body condition. So, it is concluded that awareness to monitor glycemic status is necessary to get good health

Gambaran Konsumsi Gizi pada Penyandang Diabetes Mellitus

One of management focus on DM is nutrition that aims to prevent hyperglycemia. The principle of diit for people with Diabetes Mellitus is concern on the number, kinds of food, and meal schedule. Implementation of diit needs to be monitored so that the nutrition management in DM can be optimal. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional intake in people with Diabetes Mellitus. This research was descriptive method survey. Sampling technique used was consecutive sampling with the total samples of 93 persons with DM. The data were taken using 24-hour recall questionnaire of nutritional intake and take on three times with non-consecutive in 2 days on weekday and 1 day on weekend. The result of the research showed that the majority of respondents (89.2%;83 respondents) did not apply nutritional intake well. This research recommends to patients with Diabetes Mellitus to make meals planning with the exact schedule, amount, and type of food with a balanced composition of carbohydrates, fats, proteins and consistency of meal schedule. Keywords : Nutritional Intake, Diabetes Mellitus, foo

Pengkajian Stres pada Penyandang Diabetes Mellitus

Stres dapat dialami oleh penyandang Diabetes Mellitus atau DM karena harus menjalankan perubahan pola hidup seperti pengaturan pola makan, kontrol gula darah, mengkonsumsi obat-obatan, dan memperbanyak aktivitas yang bertujuan agar tidak terjadi peningkatan gula darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat stres yang dialami oleh penyandang DM. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner Depression Anxiety Stres Scale (DASS). Pengambilan sampel dilaksanakan selama bulan Mei 2018 menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling pada pasien di Rowosari, Semarang. Sebanyak 112 responden telah berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat yang memaparkan frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden yang berpartisipasi adalah perempuan (77,7%) dan mengalami komplikasi (82,1%). Temuan lainnya menunjukkan bahwa lebih banyak penyandang DM yang mengalami stres sedang (32,1%) daripada stres normal, ringan, berat atau sangat berat. Penyandang DM yang memiliki tingkat stres sedang memiliki ciri-ciri mudah marah, mudah sensitif, sulit beristirahat, merasa lelah karena cemas, tidak sabar, gelisah, dan tidak dapat memaklumi hal yang dapat menganggu. Secara umum, kebanyakan penyandang DM sering kali menghabiskan banyak energi untuk merasa cemas dan juga sulit untuk beristirahat. Kata kunci: diabetes mellitus, glukosa darah, kadar glukosa darah, stres ASSESSMENT OF STRESS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS ABSTRACTStress can be experienced by patients with Diabetes Mellitus or DM because they have to run lifestyle changes such as diet, blood sugar control, drugs consumption, and reproduce activities aimed at not increasing blood sugar. The study aimed to determine level of stress in diabetes patients in patients with DM. This research was a quantitative research with cross sectional approach and using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) questionnaire. Consecutive sampling technique was used to gather the data from respondents in Rowosari Semarang in May 2018. One hundred and twelve patients full-filed the questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out univariately which explained the frequency and percentage. The majority of respondents were women (77.7%) and had complication of DM (82.1%). Findings also revealed that more of diabetes patients have experienced moderate stress (32.1%) than normal, mild, severe, or very severe. Patients with diabetes who have moderate levels of stress have characteristics of easy irritated, sensitive, difficult to rest, displeasure, anxious, and cannot understand things easily. Generally speaking, more diabetes patients consume more energy for worry something easily irritated and difficult to rest.  Keywords: diabetes mellitus, blood glucose, blood glucose level, stres

FOOT SELF-CARE PADA PENYANDANG DIABETES MELLITUS (DM): PILOT STUDY DI SEMARANG

Diabetes Mellitus is chronic metabolic disease that has the characteristics hyperglikemia due to insulin deficiency and lead to diabetic foot ulcers. That complications can be prevented by performing foot self-care. The purpose of this study was to identify foot self-care in persons with diabetes mellitus in Puskesmas Rowosari Semarang. This study was a quantitative research with cross sectional approach. The sampling technique used was consecutive sampling. Diabetic Foot Self-care Questionnaire University of Malaga was used to gather the data from diabetic. Analysis of the data used were univariate which produces tables. A total of 112 diabetic participated in the study. The majority patient participated in this study were they who age range 41-60 (69,6%), female (78,6%), did not have the experience to get education (50%), and suffering from diabetes <10 years(80,4%). The result of this study showed that 52.7% of diabetic have a good category on foot self care. In conclusion, more diabetic have  good foot self-care. Therefore, it is needed to give more information for patients with diabetes in order to apply the foot self-care especially the examination of the feet, using lotion, socks, and the way to get the feet warm

PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS

Pendidikan kesehatan adalah upaya yang direncanakan untuk mempengaruhi orang lain baik secara individu, kelompok atau masyarakat sehingga melakukan apa yang diharapkan oleh pelaku/ penyedia pendidikan kesehatan. Diabetes Melitus (DM) adalah penyakit metabolik yang jika tidak segera diobati akan menimbulkan komplikasi sehingga perlu pendidikan kesehatan yang asertif dan efektif. Namun, pendidikan kesehatan DM saat ini masih kurang efektif karenapenderita DM lebih banyak diberikan obat saja sehingga merasa kurang informasi mengenai pengelolaan DM.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pendidikan kesehatan yang telah diterima oleh diabetesi. Penelitian menggunakan survei deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik convenience sampling.Kriteria inklusi penelitian adalah penderita diabetes >18 tahundan pernah mendapatkan edukasi tentang DM di Puskesmas Kedungmundu. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah modifikasi dan adaptasi dari Patient Experiment of Diabetes Services (PEDS) Questionnairesebanyak 5 item pertanyaan, The DaCare Diabetes Education Questionnairesebanyak 4 item pertanyaan, dan Questionnaire For The Study Tilled Health Care In Pakistan sebanyak 19 item pertanyaan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 132 responden yang berpartisipasi menunjukkan hasil mayoritas responden (109 orang; 82,6%) mempunyai aspek perawatan diabetes mellitus dalam kategori cukup. Disarankan puskesmas untukmemberikan pendidikan kesehatan yang lebih banyak, teratur, dan rinci terutama pada aspek monitoring kadar gula darah mandiri, efek DM pada ginjal dan perawatan kaki pada penderita DM agar mampu mengetahui cara manajemen yang baik. Kata Kunci:, Diabetes Mellitus, Komplikasi, Pendidikan Kesehata