13 research outputs found
A spatially resolved analysis of star-formation burstiness by comparing UV and H in galaxies at z1 with UVCANDELS
The UltraViolet imaging of the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep
Extragalactic Legacy Survey Fields (UVCANDELS) program provides HST/UVIS F275W
imaging for four CANDELS fields. We combine this UV imaging with existing
HST/near-IR grism spectroscopy from 3D-HST+AGHAST to directly compare the
resolved rest-frame UV and H emission for a sample of 979 galaxies at
spanning a range in stellar mass of . Since
both rest-UV and H are sensitive to on-going star-formation but over
different timescales, their resolved comparison allows us to infer the
burstiness in star-formation as a function of galaxy structural parameters. We
generate homogenized maps of rest-UV and H emission for all galaxies in
our sample and stack them to compute the average UV-to-H luminosity
ratio as a function of galactocentric radius. We find that galaxies below
stellar mass of , at all radii, have a UV-to-H
ratio higher than the equilibrium value expected from constant star-formation,
indicating a significant contribution from bursty star-formation. Even for
galaxies with stellar mass , the UV-to-H ratio
is elevated towards in their outskirts (), suggesting that
bursty star-formation is likely prevalent in the outskirts of even the most
massive galaxies but is likely over-shadowed by their brighter cores.
Furthermore, we present the UV-to-H ratio as a function of galaxy
surface brightness, a proxy for stellar mass surface density, and find that
regions below are consistent with bursty
star-formation, regardless of their galaxy stellar mass, potentially suggesting
that local star-formation is independent of global galaxy properties at the
smallest scales.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures; submitted to Ap
Transient hypoxia-inducible factor activation in rat renal ablation and reduced fibrosis with L-mimosine
Nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1) regulated hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) under hypoxia in HEK293T
Energy status and HIF signalling in chorionic villi show no evidence of hypoxic stress during human early placental development
Early human placental and embryonic development occurs in a physiologically low oxygen environment supported by histiotrophic secretions from endometrial glands. In this study, we compare the placental metabolomic profile in the first, second and third trimesters to determine whether the energy demands are adequately met in the first trimester. We investigated whether hypoxia-inducible factors, HIF-1α and/or HIF-2α, might regulate transcription during the first trimester. First and second trimester tissue was collected using a chorionic villus sampling-like (CVS) technique. Part of each villus sample was frozen immediately and the remainder cultured under 2 or 21% O2 ± 1 mM H2O2, and ±the p38 MAPK pathway inhibitor, PD169316. Levels of HIF-1α were assessed by western blotting and VEGFA, PlGF and GLUT3 transcripts were quantified by RT-PCR. Term samples were collected from normal elective Caesarean deliveries. There were no significant differences in concentrations of ADP, NAD(+), lactate, and glucose, and in the ATP/ADP ratio, across gestational age. Neither HIF-1α nor HIF-2α could be detected in time-zero CVS samples. However, culture under any condition (2 or 21% O2 ± 1 mM H2O2) increased HIF-1α and HIF-2α. HIF-1α and HIF-2α were additionally detected in specimens retrieved after curettage. HIF-1α stabilization was accompanied by significant increases in VEGFA and GLUT3 and a decrease in PlGF mRNAs. These effects were suppressed by PD169316. In conclusion, our data suggest that first trimester placental tissues are not energetically compromised, and that HIF-1α is unlikely to play an appreciable role in regulating transcriptional activity under steady-state conditions in vivo. However, the pathway may be activated by stress conditions.This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust (084804/2/08/Z). Funding to pay the Open Access publication charges for this article was provided by theWellcome Trust.This is the final published version. It originally appeared in Molecular Human Reproduction, at http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gau105
A Spatially Resolved Analysis of Star Formation Burstiness by Comparing UV and Hα in Galaxies at z ∼ 1 with UVCANDELS
The UltraViolet imaging of the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey Fields (UVCANDELS) program provides Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/UVIS F275W imaging for four CANDELS fields. We combine this UV imaging with existing HST/near-IR grism spectroscopy from 3D-HST+AGHAST to directly compare the resolved rest-frame UV and H α emission for a sample of 979 galaxies at 0.7 1.5), suggesting that bursty star formation is likely prevalent in the outskirts of even the most massive galaxies, but is likely overshadowed by their brighter cores. Furthermore, we present the UV-to-H α ratio as a function of galaxy surface brightness, a proxy for stellar mass surface density, and find that regions below ∼10 ^7.5 M _⊙ kpc ^−2 are consistent with bursty star formation, regardless of their galaxy stellar mass, potentially suggesting that local star formation is independent of global galaxy properties at the smallest scales. Last, we find galaxies at z > 1.1 to have bursty star formation, regardless of radius or surface brightness
Investigating the Dominant Environmental Quenching Process in UVCANDELS/COSMOS Groups
We explore how the fraction of quenched galaxies changes in groups of galaxies with respect to the distance to the center of the group, redshift, and stellar mass to determine the dominant process of environmental quenching in 0.2 10.56 group galaxies, we find that the probability of being quenched increases slowly with decreasing redshift, diverging from the stagnant field galaxy population. A corresponding analysis on how the probability of being quenched increases with time within groups suggests that the dominant environmental quenching process is characterized by slow (∼Gyr) timescales. We find a quenching time of approximately Gyr, consistent with the slow processes of strangulation and delayed-then-rapid quenching although more data are needed to confirm this result
Investigating the Dominant Environmental Quenching Process in UVCANDELS/COSMOS Groups
We explore how the fraction of quenched galaxies changes in groups of
galaxies with respect to the distance to the center of the group, redshift, and
stellar mass to determine the dominant process of environmental quenching in
groups. We use new UV data from the UVCANDELS project in
addition to existing multiband photometry to derive new galaxy physical
properties of the group galaxies from the zCOSMOS 20k Group Catalog. Limiting
our analysis to a complete sample of log group galaxies
we find that the probability of being quenched increases slowly with decreasing
redshift, diverging from the stagnant field galaxy population. A corresponding
analysis on how the probability of being quenched increases with time within
groups suggests that the dominant environmental quenching process is
characterized by slow (Gyr) timescales. We find a quenching time of
approximately Gyrs, consistent with the slow processes
of strangulation (Larson et al. 1980) and delayed-then-rapid quenching (Wetzel
et al. 2013 arXiv:1206.3571v2 [astro-ph.CO])