Studies on combining ability and gene action for yield and quality traits in Baby corn (Zea mays L.)

An investigation was carried out to assess the combining ability and nature of gene action in baby corn (Zea mays L.) genotypes, by making crosses of eight inbred lines namely, HKI 3209, SML 1, EC 595979, CM 128, VQL 1, G 18 seq C5 F 76-2-2-1-1-2-BBB, HKI 209, in diallel mating design (without reciprocal crosses) by following Griffing Model–I and Method–II during rabi season 2013-14 at the experimental farm of BAC, Sabour, Bhagalpur (Bihar). The crosses were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) to assess the combining ability and nature of gene action. Based on general combining ability, parents CM 128 and VQL 1 were best parent forbreeding programme for yield and quality improvement. The specific combining ability also indicates that hybrid CM128 x VQL1 was best specific combiner for baby corn yield (4.11q/ha), fodder yield (50.91q/ha) as well as for better quality. The crosses CM 128 x HKI 209 recorded the high mean (7.35%) and SCA effects (2.57 ºBrix) for quality traits. The gene action analysis also revealed preponderance of non-additive gene action for yield and its contributing characters

Impact of radio Siddhartha community radiostation on the integrated development of Tumkur taluk - A Sociological study

In the Indian context community radio has great possibilities of creatingimpact on society. India being a country of villages,rural populationbeing predominantly engaged in different categories of employment,find it convenient to listen to the radio for both information andentertainment. Such a need can be effectively satisfied by the communityradio stations. Our study focuses on understanding how the programmesare designed and their impact on the community of Tumkur taluk. Thestudy was conducted in Tumkur taluk of Tumkur district in Karnatakastate. Tumkur was selected because the community radio station servicesare reaching the people through direct broadcasting, narrowcastingand web streaming in this taluk. 80 respondents were selectedpurposively for the study through non-probability sampling technique.Questionnaire and interview schedules were used for data collection.The overall impact of community radio indicated that more changeshave occurred in lifestyle and local culture of the respondents. Thiskind of research would help the researchers to understand howcommunity radio plays an important role in integrated development

Evaluation of risk of malignancy index as a diagnostic tool in cases with adnexal mass

Background: Ovarian tumour usually presents as adnexal mass but often it is difficult to differentiate between benign and malignant tumour. Several diagnostic modalities such as sonography and tumours markers have been evaluated in the past, but none have been established as an ultimate diagnostic tool individually. The development of a mathematical formula using a logistic model, incorporating menopausal status, the serum level of a glycoprotein called CA-125 and USG score has been described in the form of different malignancy indices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the various risks of malignancy indices (RMI 1, 2, 3, and 4) in the pre-operative evaluation of adnexal masses especially to differentiate between benign and malignant masses. Another objective of the present study was to compare the four RMI with each other in terms of various statistical parameters like specificity and sensitivity.Methods: Women with adnexal masses who underwent surgical treatment were included in this study as histopathological examination was taken as gold standard to calculate the accuracy of RMI. The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value and negative predictive value of all the four RMI were calculated and data analyzed.Results: A total of 65 patients were included in the study. RMI 1,2,3,4 was calculated according to their formula. Sensitivity of RMI- 1, 2, 3 and 4 was calculated to be 63.63%, 77.27%, 63.63% and 77.27% respectively. Specificity of RMI- 1, 2, 3 and 4 was calculated to be 69.04%, 64.28%, 64.28% and 62.79% respectively.Conclusions: Risk of malignancy index is a good diagnostic tool to differentiate between benign and malignant pelvic masses. RMI- 2 and RMI-4 had maximum sensitivity while RMI-1 had maximum specificity. Overall RMI-2 appears to be the most accurate of all the four RMI

Evaluation of Dimensional Stability of Four Commercially Available Addition Silicone Interocclusal Record Materials: In Vitro Study

INTRODUCTION: Diagnosis and treatment of a patient for prosthetic rehabilitation requires the clinician to fabricate diagnostic casts, as well as master casts, and articulate them on an articulator. For this reason it is necessary to record maxillomandibular relationship accurately and transfer it to the articulator. An interocclusal record is a precise recording of a maxillomandibular position. The interocclusal records used for the edentulous and dentulous patients must be stable with good strength and able to reproduce the same maxillomandibular relation in the articulator. Some clinical situation where the operator is not able to provide adequate thickness to this interocclusal record due to reduced inter ridge distance .These clinical situation become a challenging task to the operator and the technician. The need of interocclusal recording material with good strength and dimensional stability will play a major role in these type of clinical situation. The ideal material-technique combination for making interocclusal records would allow the placement of indirectly fabricated prostheses in the patient’s mouth without making any major occlusal adjustment. However, errors are often induced by the biologic characteristics of the stomatognathic system and by the dentist. In addition, inaccuracies of the cast and the properties of the interocclusal recording material may induce an incorrect placement of the mandibular cast in relation to the maxillary cast on an articulator. Diagnosis and treatment planning procedures may be impaired if casts are fixed in a malrelated position. To prevent clinical error, the procedure used to record and fix interocclusal relations should be performed with the utmost care and understanding. It has been described in literature that the interocclusal records should have minimum of 3 to 4mm thickness to resist distortion and avoid breakage, but because of reduced inter-ridge distance we were not able to provide 3-4mm thickness. So it becomes mandatory to identify a suitable material to overcome this problem. AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the dimensional stability of four different commercially available addition silicone interocclusal recording materials. OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY : 1. To evaluate the dimensional stability of four different commercially available polyvinyl siloxane inter-occlusal recording materials. 2. To compare the dimensional variations occurred in four different commercially available polyvinyl siloxane inter-occlusal recording materials. 3. To evaluate the hardness of four different commercially available polyvinyl siloxane inter-occlusal recording materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the dimensional stability and hardness of four types of commercially available addition silicone interocclussal recording materials at various time intervals. Equipments Used in this Study: 1. Optical Microscope with Micrometer. 2. Thermostat controlled water bath unit. Instruments Used in this Study: 1. Stainless Steel Die. 2. Glass Plate. 3. Polyethylene sheet. 4. Stop Clock. 5. 5ml Glass syringe. 6. Auto mixing dispensing gun. 7. Scalpel and Blade. 8. 500 gm weighing stone. 9. Spatula and glass slab. 10. Digital VernierCaliper. GROUPING OF SAMPLES: This study is categorized based on the different types of commercially available addition silicone inter-occlusal recording materials. And classified into four groups of 5 specimens each. So, a total of 20 specimens were prepared. Group A: 5 Samples of O bite addition silicone inter-occlusal recording material, Group B: 5 Samples of Jet bite addition silicone inter-occlusal recording material, Group C: 5 Samples of CAD bite addition silicone inter-occlusal recording material, Group D: 5 Samples of Exabite II additionasilicone inter-occlusal recording material. METHODOLOGY: 1. Fabrication of metal master die, 2. Fabrication of test specimens, 3. Measurement of samples, 4. Evaluation of dimensional changes, 5. Statistical Analysis. RESULTS: The following results were obtained from this study which evaluated the dimensional stability of four different types of commercially available addition Silicone interocclusal recording materials. The materials were divided into four Groups as Group A (O-bite), Group B (Jet Bite), Group C (CAD Bite).and Group D (ExabiteII bite). Each Group had 5 samples. Five readings were made per sample at each time interval of 3hrs, 24hrs, 48hrs, and the average obtained was taken for calculating the Percentage Dimensional change at various time intervals. Hardness of material was measured with the help of durometer. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures for comparisons among groups at the .01 level of significance. The Mean Percentage Dimensional changes for Group A, Group B Group C and Group D at various time intervals are shown in the tables II to V. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: The present in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the dimensional Stability of four types of Interocclusal recording materials at various time intervals. The materials used in the study were four commercially available Addition silicones (O –bite, jet bite, CAD bite, and, Exabite II). The test was carried using a mold similar to that of ADA specification No. 19.A total of 20 samples were made and each group consists of 5samples. The samples were measured using an optical microscope with micrometer provision. The measurements were made at a time interval of 3hrs, 24 hrs, and 48 hrs. The results were obtained and subjected to statistical analysis. From the analysis the following conclusions were drawn: 1. Dimensional stability is influenced by both “material” factor and “time” factor. 2. Dimensional stability decreased as the time factor increased. 3. O bite was most dimensionally stable followed by jet bite, ExabiteII, and CAD bite. 4. Ideal time for articulation based on the type of inter occlusal record used is less than 24hr. 5. Bite showed highest hardness followed by CAD Bite, Jet Bite, ExabiteII bite registration material

Study to Evaluate efficacy of Vajravatakmandura in Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adolescent Girls - A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Anemia in adolescent girls possess greatest burden on their health as it leads to poor cognitive development, poor reproductive health and if not treated may lead to intrauterine growth retardation in their developing fetus. The prevalence of anemia among adolescent is 27% in developing country and 6% in developed country. By looking at the magnitude of the problem, an Ayurveda drug Vajravatakmandura has been selected for the study and the present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of the trial drug in iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls. Material and methods: 100 subjects satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected and were randomly divided in two groups. In group A, the trial drug Vajravatakmaņdura was administered and in group B, IFA tablets were given for two month of duration with follow up at every fortnight. Result: Both the trial and control groups showed extremely significant result over subjective parameters. Trial drug Vajravatakmaņdura in group A was found more effective over the subjective parameters - weakness, palpitation, pallor and loss of appetite with % gain of 39.77%, 39.39%, 39.17%, 38.09% respectively. Statistical analysis between before and after treatment findings of objective parameters, extremely significant (P<0.0001) improvement was found in both groups in all parameters, except for RBC count in group A, which was significant. No adverse effects were reported during entire period of study by any of the patients in trial group treated with trial drug. Conclusion: The trial drug “Vajravatakmandura” is effective, safe and palatable for the management of iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls

Determinants of maternal near miss at tertiary care hospital: a retrospective study

Background: A woman who experienced a severe complication and she nearly died, but she survived the severe health condition during pregnancy, childbirth or postpartum is considered as maternal near miss. The investigation of near miss cases not only gives the superior information about disease burden but also the quality of care received by the mother. Methods: A hospital based retrospective study carried out on 120 pregnant women seeking treatment at the hospital were included in the study. Mothers who met the criteria for maternal near miss were identified by review of records. Results: In the present study, out of the 120 near miss cases studied, 60 (50.0%) cases belonged to the age group 18-24 years which forms about half of the population studied. 38 (31.66%) cases belonged to 25-29 years group, 15 (12.50%) cases in 30-34 years group and 7 (5.83%) cases in 35 years and above age group. Also, 104 (86.66%) cases from rural area whereas only 16 (13.33%) cases came from urban area. Conclusions: In this study, the most common causes of maternal near misses were haemorrhage (48.33%), hypertension (20%), severe anaemia (13.33%), sepsis (10%), cardiac dysfunction (3.33%), renal dysfunction (0.83%), respiratory dysfunction (0.83%) and liver dysfunction (0.83%)

Non-descent vaginal hysterectomy versus total abdominal hysterectomy in fibroid uterus: a comparative study in tertiary care hospital in Uttarakhand, India

Background: Hysterectomy comprises one of the most common elective surgeries in hysterectomy as the operative modality. The vaginal route of hysterectomy has been largely reserved for prolapsed uteri or non-descent cases with nearly normal size uteri. In the state of Uttarakhand, where specialized health services are difficult to access, abdominal route forms the prime choice for surgical treatment of fibroid uterus. A multitude of research data has suggested the superiority of vaginal over abdominal route. Despite this, there is a definite hesitation amongst gynecologists to resort to NDVH for fibroid uterus. This study was done with the objective to compare and analyze the outcome of abdominal vs. vaginal route for uterine fibroids.Methods: A retrospective study carried out for 80 patients admitted in one year duration with the diagnosis of fibroid uterus. These patients underwent either total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) or (non-descent vaginal hysterectomy) NDVH depending upon patient discretion after thorough discussion with the operating doctor.Results: The results displayed vaginal route to be superior in terms of operative time, intra-operative blood loss and postoperative recovery.Conclusions: We concluded from this study that patients can be safely offered NDVH, thus minimizing the need for laparotomy for fibroid uterus

UPASHAYATMAKA EFFECT OF SHUNTHI CHURNA UDVARTANA IN KATISHULA

Katishula (Low back pain) is enumerated under Vatajananatmajavikara. References on Katishula are found scattered in Samhitas. To arrive at specific diagnosis of a disease, manifestation of specific symptoms are very essential. But when such symptoms are not completely manifested or the symptoms appear in the feeble strength or do not appear at all, method of trial and error intervention becomes helpful to arrive at correct diagnosis. This is achieved through Upashaya, that which gives Sukhanubandha. Hence present study was planned and undertaken to explore the role of Shunthi churna udvartana as Upashaya of Katishula against Gunas of Vata. Vata is attributed with Gunas like Ruksha, Laghu, Sheetha, Khara, Sukshma and Chala. Shunthi churna possesses Ushnaguna and is ascribed with Shoolaprashamana property. In the present study 30 patients of Katishula underwent intervention with Shunthi churna udvartana in Katipradesha twice daily in empty stomach, in the morning and evening for 3 days and were observed for relief in Katishula after the intervention. Significant relief in Katishula (Pain in Kati pradesha) was noted. On subjecting the result to Statistical analysis, mean score obtained in 30 patients before intervention with Shunthi churna udvartana was 7.26, which reduced to 2.96 after intervention. The mean difference is 4.3. Further on application of paired student t test p-value was <0.001, which is statistically highly significant. Hence it is evident that Shunthi churna udvartana has a definite role in relieving Katishula, specifically pain by its Ushnaguna and Shula prashamana property against Sheethaguna of Vata causing Katishula

Effects of Food Pollution on Human Health and Its management through Panchakarma

Air, water and food are the basic necessities of life. If one pillar is disturbed then we can’t expect the other two works positively for our health. In Ayurveda there is description of Triya Upstambh where food (aahar) placed in first place, which shows the importance of food.  We can define food pollution as, the presence of toxic chemical and biological contaminants which are not naturally part of our food. Examples are preservatives, taste enhancer, coloring agents. In present time our food is also contaminated by fertilizers, pesticides and heavy metals. This put very deleterious effect upon our body.  It is a silent killer, because these harmful effects come after a long time of consuming this polluted food. Adulteration in edible products is also a common cause of food pollution. Food pollution is causing so many diseases related to different system of our body, like digestive system related, nervous system related etc. some serious health problems are developing day by day such as hormonal problems and various types of cancer. Water pollution and soil pollution are trigger factor or we could say enhancer for food pollution. Growing crops in polluted soil with polluted water is also responsible for polluting the food. Not only polluted soil or water, there are so many sources of food pollution.  Panchakarma is the ayurvedic approach to get rid of these toxins and restores good health through detoxification of the human body. This article is related to polluted food, food adulteration, their adverse effects upon human body and its management through Panchakarma therapy

SELF-REPORTED HEALTH, ILLNESS AND SELF-CARE AMONG DOCTORS OF MEERUT

Abstract: This document provides insight on lifestyle and healthcare status of doctors based on key findings from a survey conducted in Meerut City, (U.P.) India. Objectives: 1.To study the lifestyle pattern among the doctors of Allopathy and Ayurveda & teachers of local private Medical college, local private Dental college. 2. To study the (self-reported) prevalence of common non-communicable diseases in the same. 3. To know the pattern of healthy lifestyle practices adopted by the doctors. Material & Methods: The Cross-sectional study was conducted with the help of a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire which was filled by the faculty of local private Medical College, Dental college, Ayurvedic doctors and local practicing doctors of allopathy and Ayurveda. Verbal consent was implied. A purposive sample of 240 doctors [60 each from Medical and Dental colleges and 60 each from allopathy private practitioners (p.p.allo.) and ayurvedic private practitioners (p.p.ayur.)] were given the questionnaire-and response rate was 84%. The data was entered in Microsoft excel 2007 to know the frequency of the various lifestyle pattern. Results: 47.5% of the doctors had raised B.M.I. (Body Mass Index- more than 25); 21% of the doctors were smokers, 10% were current drinkers and 32% were hypertensive. Only 2.5% were found to be diabetic in our study. About 52% of the doctors exercised regularly. 32.5% were trained for yoga. Conclusion:This study implies that a large proportion of doctors themselves do not follow the healthy lifestyle and are having lifestyle diseases like obesity, hypertension etc. Interestingly, there was not much difference between doctors doing private practice or teaching in Medical/Dental College