A comparative study of ultrasound and x-ray in detection, of fracture callus in tibial shaft fractures, treated by unreamed interlocking nailing

Background: Trauma is a major health problem in young adults and adolescents. It is a major cause of disability with fracture being a leading contributor to hospital cost and lost productivity in the workplace. Comparative study of ultrasonography and radiography in the early detection of fracture callus in tibial shaft fracture treated by unreamed static interlocking nailing.Methods: All skeletally mature patients admitted to Krishna Kumar Orthopedic Hospital, Nagercoil were included in our study from 2007 to 2008. 21 patients totally, who had sustained an acute fracture of the tibial shaft and who were treated by statically locked unreamed interlocking nailing were candidates for the study.Results: The mean±standard deviation for ultrasound and X-ray method of detection fracture callus in fractures shaft of tibia treated with static interlocking nailing are 4.82±1.01 and 7.05±1.02 respectively which is statistically highly significant. This analysis reveals that ultrasound detects fracture callus much earlier than X-ray.Conclusions: Ultrasound was able to detect fracture callus in tibial shaft fracture treated by a static unreamed interlocking nail. There was a statistically high significance difference of 2.23 weeks between the two techniques Ultrasound was done using a 7.5 MHz linear transducer probe. Ultrasound could detect fracture callus at a mean period of 4.82 weeks. Whereas X-rays could d detect fracture callus only at a mean period of 7.05 weeks

Suicide by unusual methods: a rare case of complex suicide

Genital Self-Mutilation (GSM) is usually associated with mental illness. It is considered as the most brutal form of self-harm. Many cases of such self-harm have been described by various authors in different times. However, its existence in absence of any mental illness and using it as a method of suicide is a matter of question. Although, some cases are reported; its incidence is very low. Its association with complex suicide is even much lower. Usually, in complex suicide, the victim chooses some methods which are less painful. Such a complicated case of complex suicide was brought to the tertiary care center of Dibrugarh, Assam for post mortem examination. The deceased, a 36 years old male was brought with history of cutting his external genitalia followed by hanging. The case has been described in this paper with relevant review literature.

Stress and infertility: a review

Most of the couples suffering from infertility report it to be the most stressful and depressing period of their life. Stress can be a contributor to infertility and can adversely affect the treatment success, Recent scientific evidence suggest that psychological therapy, especially mind body therapy to counter stress can significantly improve pregnancy rates in women undergoing ART. Yoga is an ideal mind body therapy that is indigenous and one that can be effectively applied in the Indian scenario to optimize the psychological milieu of the sub fertile undergoing treatment. Infertility and ART from well-structured government run IVF centres can greatly reduce the financial burden of the infertile couple and further reduce their stress levels. Thus stress reducing strategies and low cost infertility treatment facility offer to be the ideal combination to fulfill the dreams of parenthood for the suffering sub fertile couples in India

Priprava i evaluacija novog derivata eritromicina – eritromicin taurat

Erythromycin taurate, a new derivative of erythromycin, was prepared by reacting the erythromycin base with tauric acid and its physico-chemical and biological properties were evaluated. The derivative has reasonably good solubility in organic solvents. The partition coefficient values in chloroform/water 1.17 and octanol/water 1.16 systems indicate its good distribution in various tissues in vivo. The in vitro antimicrobial potency of the derivative (833.33 microgramms per mg) is higher than the existing derivatives such as erythromycin estolate, erythromycin stearate, erythromycin ethyl succinate, erythromycin gluceptate, erythromycin lactobionate. The antimicrobial spectrum is comparable to that of the parent compound. Our results indicate that erythromycin taurate has a high potential for possible clinical application and is more efficient against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae than the parent base.Eritromicin taurat pripravljen je reakcijom eritromicin baze s taurinskom kiselinom. U radu su evaluirana fizičko-kemijska i biološka svojstva ovog novog derivata eritromicina. Eritromicin taurat je relativno dobro topljiv u organskim otapalima. Koeficijent razdjeljenja u sustavu kloroform/voda bio je 1,17 a u sustavu oktanol/voda 1,16 što ukazuje da se ova ljekovita tvar može dobro raspodijeliti u različitim tkivima in vivo. Antimikrobna aktivnost in vitro (833,33 g mg-1) je veća od aktivnosti postojećih derivata eritromicina: estolata, stearata, etil sukcinata, gluceptata, laktobionata. Spektar antimikrobnog djelovanja je sličan spektru samog eritromicina. Zbog svega toga moguća je klinička primjena eritromicin taurata

Priprava i evaluacija novog derivata eritromicina – eritromicin taurat

Erythromycin taurate, a new derivative of erythromycin, was prepared by reacting the erythromycin base with tauric acid and its physico-chemical and biological properties were evaluated. The derivative has reasonably good solubility in organic solvents. The partition coefficient values in chloroform/water 1.17 and octanol/water 1.16 systems indicate its good distribution in various tissues in vivo. The in vitro antimicrobial potency of the derivative (833.33 microgramms per mg) is higher than the existing derivatives such as erythromycin estolate, erythromycin stearate, erythromycin ethyl succinate, erythromycin gluceptate, erythromycin lactobionate. The antimicrobial spectrum is comparable to that of the parent compound. Our results indicate that erythromycin taurate has a high potential for possible clinical application and is more efficient against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae than the parent base.Eritromicin taurat pripravljen je reakcijom eritromicin baze s taurinskom kiselinom. U radu su evaluirana fizičko-kemijska i biološka svojstva ovog novog derivata eritromicina. Eritromicin taurat je relativno dobro topljiv u organskim otapalima. Koeficijent razdjeljenja u sustavu kloroform/voda bio je 1,17 a u sustavu oktanol/voda 1,16 što ukazuje da se ova ljekovita tvar može dobro raspodijeliti u različitim tkivima in vivo. Antimikrobna aktivnost in vitro (833,33 g mg-1) je veća od aktivnosti postojećih derivata eritromicina: estolata, stearata, etil sukcinata, gluceptata, laktobionata. Spektar antimikrobnog djelovanja je sličan spektru samog eritromicina. Zbog svega toga moguća je klinička primjena eritromicin taurata

Lamin A/C Haploinsufficiency Modulates the Differentiation Potential of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

BACKGROUND: Lamins are structural proteins that are the major determinants of nuclear architecture and play important roles in various nuclear functions including gene regulation and cell differentiation. Mutations in the human lamin A gene cause a spectrum of genetic diseases that affect specific tissues. Most available mouse models for laminopathies recapitulate disease symptoms for muscle diseases and progerias. However, loss of human lamin A/C also has highly deleterious effects on fetal development. Hence it is important to understand the impact of lamin A/C expression levels on embryonic differentiation pathways. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have investigated the differentiation potential of mouse embryonic stem cells containing reduced levels of lamin A/C by detailed lineage analysis of embryoid bodies derived from these cells by culture. We initially carried out a targeted disruption of one allele of the mouse lamin A/C gene (). Undifferentiated wild-type and embryonic stem cells showed similar expression of pluripotency markers and cell cycle profiles. Upon spontaneous differentiation into embryoid bodies, markers for visceral endoderm such as α-fetoprotein were highly upregulated in haploinsufficient cells. However, neuronal markers such as β-III tubulin and nestin were downregulated. Furthermore, we observed a reduction in the commitment of cells into the myogenic lineage, but no discernible effects on cardiac, adipocyte or osteocyte lineages. In the next series of experiments, we derived embryonic stem cell clones expressing lamin A/C short hairpin RNA and examined their differentiation potential. These cells expressed pluripotency markers and, upon differentiation, the expression of lineage-specific markers was altered as observed with embryonic stem cells. CONCLUSIONS: We have observed significant effects on embryonic stem cell differentiation to visceral endoderm, neuronal and myogenic lineages upon depletion of lamin A/C. Hence our results implicate lamin A/C level as an important determinant of lineage-specific differentiation during embryonic development

Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry analysis of bioactive compounds in chloroform extract of Psoralea corylifolia L.

Psoralea corylifolia is the most important medicinal plant which has various secondary metabolites and its leaves are broadly used in many sectors due to its antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to find the bio-active compounds of chloroform extract of P. corylifolia leaves using Perkin-Elmer Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results of GC-MS compounds in the chloroform extract was appropriate to the database of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). GC-MS analysis of chloroform extract of P. corylifolia leaves reveal the presence of bioactive compounds as Hexadecanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-, methyl ester , Hydroxylamine, O-decyl- , 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol ) Cubenol , Neophytadiene , Phytol , Linoleic acid ethyl esterand 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- ) . These bio-active compounds are mainly responsible for various biological activities. Hence, this study will make a good way for the production of various products for curing various disease-causing pathogens by using P. corylifolia leaves