Characterisation and classification of arecanut-growing soils of Karnataka

The present investigation was carried out to characterise the soils of areca based cropping system considering soil type and agro-climatic variability. Ten typical soil profiles were studied representing five different agro-climatic zones (ACZs) of Karnataka, namely, Tumkur and Hesarghatta (Eastern Dry Zone), T. Narasipura and Maddur (Southern Dry Zone), H D Kote and Hassan (Southern Transition zone), Mudigere and Sirsi (Hilly Zone), and Belthangady and Kumata (Coastal Zone). These pedons were studied for their morphological characteristics, physical and physicochemical properties. The arecanut-growing soils of Karnataka are generally deep to very deep, non-gravelly and well-drained soils. Texture ranged from sandy clay loam to clay in sub-surface. Soils of coastal and hilly zones were strongly acidic and had high organic carbon. In contrast, other sites of the southern transition zone to southern and eastern dry zone soils were near neutral to moderately alkaline with medium to high organic carbon content. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) ranged 2.5 to 32.6 cmol (p+) kg-1 base saturation varied 21.9 to 99.6 per cent. The major taxa of the soils identified at sub-group level of soil taxonomy were Rhodic Kanhaplustalfs, Typic Haplustalfs, Rhodic Paleustalfs, Typic Rhodustalfs, Vertic Haplustepts, Typic Haplustepts, Ustic Kanhaplohumults, Kanhaplic Haplustults and Typic Paleustults

Relationship of postpartum interval to estrus, body condition score, milk yield and blood biochemical parameters in Surti buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

The aim of the present investigation was to find out the relationship among postpartum interval to estrus, body condition score, milk yield and blood biochemical parameters of Surti buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). The study was conducted on sixteen clinically healthy Surti buffaloes (parity 1-7) with normal parturition. These animals were divided into two groups on the basis of their postpartum interval to estrus (PPIE). Group 1 animals had PPIE ? 50 days whereas group 2 had PPIE > 50 days. Body condition score (BCS), milk yield and Blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture on days starting from 6th day after calving thereafter at fortnight interval till 90th day postpartum. Blood serum parameters such as glucose, total protein, blood urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglyceride, progesterone and estrogen were measured. Perusal of data revealed that animals having higher BCS on the day of estrus had significantly (P?0.05) shorter PPIE. There was non-significant effect of daily and cumulative 100 days milk yield on PPIE. Serum concentration of glucose and creatinine was significantly (P?0.05) higher for group 1 animals at most of the stages. There was non-significant difference between serum concentration of total protein, blood urea nitrogen and cholesterol between both the groups. Progesterone and Estradiol-17 ? concentrations were significantly (P?0.05) higher in group 1 animals than group 2 animals at different stages of this study

Broad thumb-hallux syndrome: A rare congenital disorder

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Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of 2-[2-(2,6-dichloro phenyl)amino]benzyl-3-(5-substituted phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amino)-6,8-dibromoquinazolin-4(3H)ones

A series of 2-[2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]benzyl-3-(5-substituted phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl-amino)-6,8-dibromoquinazolin-4(3H) ones 6a-m have been synthesized by the reaction of 2-[2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]benzyl-3-substituted phenylacrylamido-6,8-dibromoquinazolin-4(3H) ones 5a-m with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of glacial acetic acid. The chalcones 5a-m were prepared by the condensation of 2-[2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]benzyl-3-acetamido-6,8-dibromoquinazolin-4(3H)one 4 with different substituted aromatic aldehyde. The benzoxazinone 2 was synthesized from 2-[2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]phenyl acetyl chloride 1 on treatment with 3,5-dibromoanthranilic acid in pyridine, which on reaction with hydrazine hydrate and then on acetylation reaction yielded 4. The structures of these compounds have been elucidated by elemental analyses, IR, and NMR spectral data. The title compounds pyrazolyl-quinazolin-4(3H)ones 6a-m were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities in vitro

Modifications In Magnetic Properties Of Bimn2 O5 Multiferroic Using Swift Heavy Ion Irradiation

We report the near edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) studies at the Mn L3,2 edge of pulsed laser deposited pristine thin films of multiferroic BiMn2 O5. These investigations are furthermore testified for BiMn2 O5 thin films irradiated through 200 MeV Ag15+ ions with fluence value 5× 1011 ions/ cm2. Though the pristine film is primarily antiferromagnetic in nature, irradiation induces ferrimagnetism in it. Element specific characterizations, NEXAFS and XMCD demonstrate the evolution of Mn2+ state piloting to magnetic signal associated with it. © 2010 American Institute of Physics.1079Nan, C.-W., Bichurin, M.I., Dong, S., Viehland, D., Srinivasan, G., Multiferroic magnetoelectric composites: Historical perspective, status, and future directions (2008) Journal of Applied Physics, 103 (3), p. 031101. , DOI 10.1063/1.2836410Ramesh, R., Spaldin, N.A., Multiferroics: Progress and prospects in thin films (2007) Nature Materials, 6 (1), pp. 21-29. , DOI 10.1038/nmat1805, PII NMAT1805Eerenstein, W., Mathur, N.D., Scott, J.F., Multiferroic and magnetoelectric materials (2006) Nature, 442 (7104), pp. 759-765. , DOI 10.1038/nature05023, PII NATURE05023Gajek, M., Bibes, M., Fusil, S., Bouzehouane, K., Fontcuberta, J., Barthelemy, A., Fert, A., Tunnel junctions with multiferroic barriers (2007) Nature Materials, 6 (4), pp. 296-302. , DOI 10.1038/nmat1860, PII NMAT1860Cheong, S.-W., Mostovoy, M., Multiferroics: A magnetic twist for ferroelectricity (2007) Nature Materials, 6 (1), pp. 13-20. , DOI 10.1038/nmat1804, PII NMAT1804Hur, N., Park, S., Sharma, P.A., Ahn, J.S., Guha, S., Cheong, S.-W., Electric polarization reversal and memory in a multiferroic material induced by magnetic fields (2004) Nature, 429 (6990), pp. 392-395. , DOI 10.1038/nature02572Chapon, L.C., Radaelli, P.G., Blake, G.R., Park, S., Cheong, S.-W., Ferroelectricity induced by acentric spin-density waves in YMn2O5 (2006) Physical Review Letters, 96 (9), pp. 1-4. , http://oai.aps.org/oai?verb=GetRecord&Identifier=oai:aps.org: PhysRevLett.96.097601&metadataPrefix=oai_apsmeta_2, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.097601, 097601Muoz, A., Alonso, J.A., Casais, M.T., Martínez-Lope, M.J., Martínez, J.L., Fernández-Díaz, M.T., (2002) Phys. Rev. B, 65, p. 144423. , PRBMDO 0163-1829,. 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.144423Blake, G.R., Chapon, L.C., Radaelli, P.G., Park, S., Hur, N., Cheong, S.-W., Rodriguez-Carvajal, J., Spin structure and magnetic frustration in multiferroic RMn2O5 (R=Tb,Ho,Dy) (2005) Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, 71 (21), pp. 1-9. , http://oai.aps.org/oai/?verb=ListRecords&metadataPrefix= oai_apsmeta_2&set=journal:PRB:71, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.214402, 214402Shukla, D.K., Kumar, R., Sharma, S.K., Thakur, P., Choudhary, R.J., Mollah, S., Brookes, N.B., Choi, W.K., (2009) J. Phys. D, 42, p. 125304. , JPAPBE 0022-3727,. 10.1088/0022-3727/42/12/125304Vecchini, C., Chapon, L.C., Brown, P.J., Chatterji, T., Park, S., Cheong, S.W., Radaelli, P.G., (2008) Phys. Rev. B, 77, p. 134434. , PRBMDO 0163-1829,. 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.134434Shukla, D.K., Mollah, S., Kumar, R., Thakur, P., Chae, K.H., Banerjee, A., Choi, W.K., (2008) J. Appl. Phys., 104, p. 033707. , JAPIAU 0021-8979,. 10.1063/1.2964072Kumar, R., Arora, S.K., Kanjilal, D., Mehta, G.K., Bache, R., Date, S.K., Shinde, S.R., Patil, S.I., (1999) Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids, 147, p. 187. , REDSEI 1042-0150,. 10.1080/10420159908229008Houpert, C., Studer, F., Groult, D., Toulmonde, M., (1989) Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, 39, p. 720. , NIMBEU 0168-583X,. 10.1016/0168-583X(89)90882-3Kumar, R., Samantra, S.B., Arora, S.K., Gupta, A., Kanjilal, D., Pinto, R., Narlikar, A.V., (1998) Solid State Commun., 106, p. 805. , SSCOA4 0038-1098,. 10.1016/S0038-1098(98)00122-7Biersack, J.P., Haggmark, L., (1980) Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., 174, p. 257. , NIMRD9 0167-5087,. 10.1016/0029-554X(80)90440-1Shukla, D.K., unpublished dataWang, Z.G., Dufour, C., Paumier, E., Toulemonde, M., (1994) J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 6, p. 6733. , JCOMEL 0953-8984,. 10.1088/0953-8984/6/34/006Izui, K., Furuno, S., (1986) Proceedings of the 11th International Congress on Electron Microscopy, p. 1299. , edited by T. Imura, S. Maruse, and T. Suzuki (Japanese Society of Electron Microscopy, Tokyo),Meftah, A., Brisard, F., Costantini, J.M., Hage-Ali, M., Stoquert, J.P., Studer, F., Toulemonde, M., (1993) Phys. Rev. B, 48, p. 920. , and, PRBMDO 0163-1829,. 10.1103/PhysRevB.48.920Thibaudau, F., Cousty, J., Balanzat, E., Bouffard, S., (1991) Phys. Rev. Lett., 67, p. 1582. , PRLTAO 0031-9007,. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.67.1582Toulemonde, M., Dufour, C., Paumier, E., (1992) Phys. Rev. B, 46, p. 14362. , PRBMDO 0163-1829,. 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.1436

Magnetic Moments of JP=3/2+J^P=3/2^+ Heavy Baryons Using Effective Mass and Screened Charge Scheme

Magnetic moments of heavy charmed baryons with $J^P=3/2^+$ are predicted employing the concept of effective quark mass and screened charge of quark. We also extend our scheme to predict the $3/2^+ --> 1/2^+$ transition magnetic moments. A comparison of our results with the predictions obtained in recent models is presented.Comment: 19 pages, Accepted for publication in EPJ-

Bacterial strains from floodplain soils perform different plant-growth promoting processes and enhance cowpea growth

ABSTRACT Certain nodulating nitrogen-fixing bacteria in legumes and other nodule endophytes perform different plant-growth promoting processes. The objective of this study was to evaluate 26 bacterial strains isolated from cowpea nodules grown in floodplain soils in the Brazilian savannas, regarding performance of plant-growth promoting processes and ability to enhance cowpea growth. We also identified these strains by 16S rRNA sequencing. The following processes were evaluated: free-living biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), solubilization of calcium, aluminum and iron phosphates and production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The abilities to nodulate and promote cowpea growth were evaluated in Leonard jars. Partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene identified 60 % of the strains as belonging to genus Paenibacillus. The following four genera were also identified: Bacillus, Bradyrhizobium, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas. None of the strains fixed N2 free-living. Among the strains, 80 % solubilized Ca phosphate and one solubilized Al phosphate and none solubilized Fe phosphate. The highest IAA concentrations (52.37, 51.52 and 51.00 μg mL−1) were obtained in the 79 medium with tryptophan by Enterobacter strains UFPI B5-7A, UFPI B5-4 and UFPI B5-6, respectively. Only eight strains nodulated cowpea, however, all increased production of total dry matter. The fact that the strains evaluated perform different biological processes to promote plant growth indicates that these strains have potential use in agricultural crops to increase production and environmental sustainability

Genetic analysis of scattered populations of the Indian eri silkworm, Samia cynthia ricini Donovan: Differentiation of subpopulations

Deforestation and exploitation has led to the fragmentation of habitats and scattering of populations of the economically important eri silkworm, Samia cynthia ricini, in north-east India. Genetic analysis of 15 eri populations, using ISSR markers, showed 98% inter-population, and 23% to 58% intra-population polymorphism. Nei’s genetic distance between populations increased significantly with altitude (R2 = 0.71) and geographic distance (R2 = 0.78). On the dendrogram, the lower and upper Assam populations were clustered separately, with intermediate grouping of those from Barpathar and Chuchuyimlang, consistent with geographical distribution. The Nei’s gene diversity index was 0.350 in total populations and 0.121 in subpopulations. The genetic differentiation estimate (Gst) was 0.276 among scattered populations. Neutrality tests showed deviation of 118 loci from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The number of loci that deviated from neutrality increased with altitude (R2 = 0.63). Test of linkage disequilibrium showed greater contribution of variance among eri subpopulations to total variance. D’2IS exceeded D’2ST, showed significant contribution of random genetic drift to the increase in variance of disequilibrium in subpopulations. In the Lakhimpur population, the peripheral part was separated from the core by a genetic distance of 0.260. Patchy habitats promoted low genetic variability, high linkage disequilibrium and colonization by new subpopulations. Increased gene flow and habitat-area expansion are required to maintain higher genetic variability and conservation of the original S. c. ricini gene pool