Cancer Epigenomics: a review

Epigenetic inactivation of genes that are crucial for the control of normalcell growth is a hallmark of cancer cells. Epigenetic modifications of the DNA do not alter the nucleotide sequence instead they involve the regulation of gene transcription and DNA methylation. Hypermethylation or histone deacetylation, which is within the promoter of a tumor suppressor gene, leads to the silencing as well as a deletion or a mutation of thatgene. Cancer cells often show aberrant methylation and the frequency of aberrations increases is seen with the progression of disease. Hypermethylation events can occur early in tumorogenesis, involving the disruption of pathways that may predispose cells to malignant transformation. Epigenetic modification such as DNA methylation can be exploited for clinical purposes in cancer patients, first using hypermethylation as a molecular biomarker of cancer cells and second, epigenetic changes which are potentially reversible

Vibrational analysis of sandwich beams

The project report deals first with the brief introduction on composites and theiz types and uses. Then it explains about the vibration of sandwich beams. The consistent higher-order dynamic formulation for foam-type (soft) core sandwich beams was extended to the case of composite sandwich plates. Eight dynamic governing equations and the corresponding boundary conditions were derived through the application of Hamilton’s principle. The extended formulation was applied to the free vibration analysis of soft-core and honeycomb-core sandwich plates with anti-symmetric and symmetric lay-ups. The vibration results for the thin and thick composite sandwich plates obtained using the extended formulation were consistent with the predictions of the higher order mixed layer wise theory for laminated and sandwich plates. To simplify the formulation for the case of symmetric sandwich plates, the general dynamic formulation was decoupled into two systems of equations representing symmetric and anti-symmetric vibrations. The numerical study demonstrates the importance of the present formulation for the prediction of higher mode vibration response of composite sandwich plates

ANALYTICAL STUDY OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE

Integrative medicine means combined work of various experts of various disciplines to create a holistic effect. Human is a combination of body, mind and soul. All three aspects of human should be cared and cured by healthcare systems.Body and mind are connected to each other. Physical problems create mental problems and mental problems create physical problems. There is a psychosomatic mechanism.  Apart from modern medicine, Ayurved, Homeopath, Unani, Yoga and Naturopathy are popular healthcare systems in the society. Any one system is not sufficient to provide health and healing to all in all diseases. In modern medicine, there are several adverse effects of antibiotics and analgesics. World is looking towards Ayurved and homeopath, etc. for safe medicines. Now, it is great responsibility of various research councils like CCRAS, CCH, etc. to invent new drugs to cure new diseases.Interdisciplinary seminars are essential to exchange results find out by these research councils. Healthcare system in rural areas is very poor. This can be improved by using technology.  Advanced and specialized healthcare can be provided in rural areas by Tele Ayush system. Ministry of Ayush has done many works for globalization of Ayurved but the ministry has to do many works now for upgradation of Ayurved in India and abroad

ATP: A holistic attention integrated approach to enhance ABSA

Aspect based sentiment analysis (ABSA) deals with the identification of the sentiment polarity of a review sentence towards a given aspect. Deep Learning sequential models like RNN, LSTM, and GRU are current state-of-the-art methods for inferring the sentiment polarity. These methods work well to capture the contextual relationship between the words of a review sentence. However, these methods are insignificant in capturing long-term dependencies. Attention mechanism plays a significant role by focusing only on the most crucial part of the sentence. In the case of ABSA, aspect position plays a vital role. Words near to aspect contribute more while determining the sentiment towards the aspect. Therefore, we propose a method that captures the position based information using dependency parsing tree and helps attention mechanism. Using this type of position information over a simple word-distance-based position enhances the deep learning model's performance. We performed the experiments on SemEval'14 dataset to demonstrate the effect of dependency parsing relation-based attention for ABSA

Clinico-Histopathological Correlation of Non-NeoplasticDermatological Lesions

Objective: Non-neoplastic skin disorders are more common than neoplastic skin disorders whichhave included Infectious diseases, non-infectious erythematous lesions, papular & squamousdisorders, connective tissue diseases, non-infectious vesiculobullous / Vesiculopustular disorderse.tc. The pattern of skin diseases varies from one country to another and across different parts ofthe same country. So due to the variable spectrum, the histopathology of skin diseases is varied.Each clinical presentation is common to different histopathological pictures & thus definitely requireshistopathology for confirmation. Design: This study was conducted by Dr D. Y. Patil Medical Collegeand Hospital, Navi Mumbai from October 2018 to October 2020. Subjects: One hundred and fiftynon-neoplastic specimens of skin biopsies submitted in the histopathology; Department of Pathologywere considered as the subjects of the study. Material and Methods: Histopathological resultswere presented in tabular and graphical forms. Mean, median, standard deviation and ranges werecalculated for quantitative data. The Chi-square test and t-test with p<0.001 was consideredsignificant. Results: The mean age of our study participants was 41.9 years with a standarddeviation of 36.5 years. The majority of our study participants were females: 29.4 % of patientspresented with infectious lesions, 22.7 % of patients presented with papulosquamous lesions, and12.7 % of patients presented with vesiculobullous lesions. The most common infectious non-neoplastic skin lesion was leprosy, the most common papulosquamous skin lesion was dermatitis,and the commonest vesiculobullous skin lesion was Pemphigus Vulgaris. Conclusion: An integratedapproach by dermatologists and pathologists is recommended to increase the accuracy of diagnosisand for better management of the patien

A community based study on menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in an urban slum of Patna

Aim: To study the menstrual hygiene practices of adolescent girls residing in urban slums of Patna .Material and Methods: A community based cross sectional study of 65 adolescent(10-19 years) girls available with Anganwadi workers from ICDS centres were interviewed on a pre -designed semi structured and pre-validated questionnaire to collect data on menstrual hygiene over a period of 3 months(January to March 2017). Result: Out of 65 adolescent enrolled girls 58.8% girls consulted their mother for menstruation related issues and 47% faced social restriction during menstruation. 61% girls were using sanitary pads. Only 7% girls had safe and hygienic practice of throwing used clothes after single use. Use of sanitary napkins and religion were not significantly (p>0.05) associated while monthly family income and educational status were significantly associated. Conclusion: The menstrual hygiene practices were poor among girls with social restriction and taboos. Education about proper menstruation hygiene practices is essential to overcome these barriers. Key words: Adolescent, menstrual hygiene, sanitary napkins, social restriction

Potential anticancer activity of some medicinal plants in vitro and in vivo study

The public health burden caused by cancer is significant in both developing and developed nations. The ability of biological, chemical, or synthetic substances to prevent, inhibit, or stop the progression of carcinogenic is known as anticancer activity. To treat the condition, several synthetic drugs are utilized, however because of their toxicity, research is now being done to examine chemotherapeutic medicines produced from plants. A review of several in vivo and in vitro techniques for determining the anticancer activities of natural compounds from medicinal plants has thus been undertaken. In this study, 50 Indian anticancer medicinal plants from 35 families are presented, together with comprehensive data on the parts and extracts utilized, the model type employed, the cancer cell line types that were tested, etc. These plants are still utilized to treat numerous tumor forms, including lymphoma, sarcoma, leukemia, and carcinoma. All of plants are likely candidates for in vivo research since they have strong anticancer action in vitro