Analyze and study the impacts of different packages on static and dynamic IR Drop analysis on different Infineon designs.

Dynamic voltage drop depends on the switching activity of the logic compared to static IR drop, and hence it is a vector dependent concept. In this paper we have highlighted the methodology of extraction and modeling of package along with the chip-package static IR drop as well as dynamic IR drop analysis scenarios.A proper structured approach to analyze the impact of package parasitics onto the die is presented, with an emphasis to cover different corners in which IR analysis is impacted, and how it can be implemented in the design cycle. Finally, the impact of package on chip is studied by considering the histogram plots obtained from dynamic IR numbers. Later using all the numbers & plots impact of different packages on chip is realized.Results are from acquired from industrial designs in 65nm process related to the said topics. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15055

Correlation between the exchange bias effect and antisite disorders in Sr2−x_{2-x}Lax_xCoNbO6_6

We unravel the effect of La substitution and hence antisite disorders on the exchange bias (EB) mechanism in Sr$_{2-x}$La$_x$CoNbO$_6$ ($x=$ 0, 0.2) double perovskite samples using the detailed analysis of the field cooled magnetization isotherms (M--H) and training effect. The field dependence of the freezing temperature deviates from both Gabay-Toulouse (GT) and de Almeida-Thouless (AT) lines and the analysis suggests that the $x=$ 0 sample follows a different universality class with moderate anisotropy in the frozen spins. Interestingly, we find that the EB effect is significantly suppressed in the $x=$ 0.2 sample due to increase [decrease] in the size of ferromagnetic (FM) [cluster glass (CG)] domain, which reduces the effective disordered interface responsible for the EB. The changes in fraction of FM, AFM, and CG like interactions with the La substitution and applied magnetic field are found to be crucial in governing the EB effect in these samples. Further, the training effect measurements show the unequal shift in the left and right branches of the M--H loops and their different evolution with the field cycles ($n$). The analysis reveals that the rotatable spins relax approximately one order of magnitude faster than the frozen spins at the disordered interface. We find a possible correlation between the observed EB effect and the antisite disorders in these samples.Comment: submitte

Acknowledgement Based Secure Intrusion Detection System Against Worm Hole Attack For Manets

The wireless network possible mobility and scalability in many applications. Wireless Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is one of the most important and unique applications. There is an emerging technology and has a large force to be applied in critical situations such as military applications, battlefields and commercial applications. MANET each node is to have free routing and the ability to move in all directions that MANET has no centralized infrastructure. However, medium and large open distribution nodes in MANET towards safety. MANET also includes wireless sensor nodes, these sensor nodes in the environment unattended therefore increases the chances of attacks increases, there are many types of attacks such Wormhole, DDOS, denial of service, etc. black hole . The wormhole is one of them. The network assigns vortex increasing the routing load at the end of end delay, packet loss and many other parameters. It is therefore very important to design and develop effective intrusion detection system to protect against attacks MANET Wormhole. In it, we discuss Wormhole attack on MANET, and to propose and implement a new system of intrusion detection based on the recognition to detect the Wormhole attack type and provide security against it using hybrid encryption for packets recognized

Previous caesarean scar rupture: mortality averted a case report

Uterine rupture at the site of a previous cesarean section scar is an uncommon but catastrophic complication of pregnancy by associated with significant foetal and maternal mortality and morbidity. A 31-year old woman, G6P3A2L1 with previous lower segment cesarian section (LSCS), booked case was admitted at 37 week of gestation with complaint of leaking per vaginal (P/V) in our tertiary care centre. Patient had spontaneous labor pain, which subsided after few contractions and sustained hemorrhagic shock with utero placental insufficiency due to previous LSCS scar rupture. Due diligence and expeditious caesarean management strategy needs to be adopted in parturient with previous caesarean patients owing due to risk of scar rupture. Ultrasonography is a useful tool which can be used to assess women with previous cesarean section to carry out risk stratification for subsequent pregnancies

Solitary central osteoma of mandible in a geriatric patient: report and review

Solitary central osteomas of jaw are extremely rare lesions with only few previously documented cases. This paper reports a case of large solitary central osteoma involving mandible symphysis- parasymphysis region in an elderly female patient. A brief review of similar cases reported in the literature is also provided in this paper

Evidence of discrete energy states and cluster-glass behavior in Sr2−x_{2-x}Lax_xCoNbO6_6

We report the detailed analysis of specific heat [C$_{\rm P}$(T)] and ac-susceptibility for magnetically frustrated Sr$_{2-x}$La$_x$CoNbO$_6$ ($x=$ 0--1) double perovskites to understand low temperature complex magnetic interactions and their evolution with $x$. Interestingly, the observed Schottky anomaly in the $x\leqslant$ 0.4 samples shifts gradually towards higher temperature with magnetic field as well as $x$, and the analysis reveal the persistence of the discrete energy states in these samples resulting from the spin-orbit coupling and octahedral distortion. Moreover, the extracted values of Land\'e g--factor indicate the existence of high-spin state Co$^{3+}$ ions close to non-magnetic low-spin state. The specific heat data show the $\lambda$-type anomaly for the $x\geqslant$ 0.6 samples due to evolution of the long range antiferromagnetic ordering. Our analysis of low temperature C$_{\rm P}$(T) data for the $x\geqslant$ 0.6 samples demonstrate the 3D isotropic Heisenberg antiferromagnetic (AFM) interactions and the temperature induced second order AFM--paramagnetic phase transition. More interestingly, we demonstrate the presence of the free Co$^{2+}$ like Kramers doublet ground state in the $x =$1 sample. Further, the ac susceptibility and time evolution of the magnetization data reveal the low temperature cluster-glass like behavior in the $x=$ 0--0.4 samples, where spin-spin correlation strength decreases with $x$.Comment: accepted for publication in PR

Cardiac drugs and outcome in COVID-19

We read with much interest the article “Are certain drugs associated with enhanced mortality in COVID -19” by Goldstein et al your esteemed Journal. Authors have discussed the theoretical basis of angiotensin receptor blockers, statins in worsening outcome of COVID – 19 patients.(1) We believe that this topic is rapidly evolving and requires further evidence and discussion for understanding the multiple factors which contribute to the pathogenesis and outcome. We have the following comments

Expectation of forward-backward rapidity correlations in p+pp+p collisions at the LHC energies

Forward-backward correlation strength ($b$) as a function of pesudorapidity intervals for experimental data from $p+\bar{p}$ non-singly diffractive collisions are compared to PYTHIA and PHOJET model calculations. The correlations are discussed as a function of rapidity window ($\Delta \eta$) symmetric about the central rapidity as well as rapidity window separated by a gap ($\eta_{gap}$) between forward and backward regions. While the correlations are observed to be independent of $\Delta \eta$, it is found to decrease with increase in $\eta_{gap}$. This reflects the role of short range correlations and justifies the use of $\eta_{gap}$ to obtain the accurate information about the physics of interest, the long range correlations. The experimental $b$ value shows a linear dependence on $\ln \sqrt{s}$ with the maximum value of unity being reached at $\sqrt{s}$ = 16 TeV, beyond the top LHC energy. However calculations from the PYTHIA and PHOJET models indicate a deviation from linear dependence on $\ln \sqrt{s}$ and saturation in the $b$ values being reached beyond $\sqrt{s}$ = 1.8 TeV. Such a saturation in correlation values could have interesting physical interpretations related to clan structures in particle production. Strong forward-backward correlations are associated with cluster production in the collisions. The average number of charged particles to which the clusters fragments, called the cluster size, are found to also increase linearly with $\ln \sqrt{s}$ for both data and the models studied. The rate of increase in cluster size vs. $\ln \sqrt{s}$ from models studied are larger compared to those from the data and higher for PHOJET compared to PYTHIA. Our study indicates that the forward-backward measurements will provide a clear distinguishing observable for the models studied at LHC energies.Comment: 15 pages, 14 Figures, accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics

Cystic swellings of scrotum: Management

The cystic swellings of scrotum are one among the commonest clinical entities faced by a surgeon in day to day practice and a cause of concern to the patient more with his fertility. Presenting with varied etiology they can represent a wide range of medical issues. Gold standard for the management of such cystic swellings of scrotum continues to be surgical extirpation of the lesion. Objective: To identify the cause, mode of presentation, various modalities of treatment and outcome of these with their complications. Method: A total of 170 cases of cystic swellings of scrotum fulfilling the methodology criteria were subjected to the preformatted study. Diagnosis was mostly by clinical examination and supported by ultrasonography. All cases were treated surgically with the appropriate surgical procedure. Results: Maximum patients were in the age group of 31-50 years and presented with scrotal swelling (59%) and more commonly affecting the right side. The commonest cause for cystic swelling of the scrotum was primary vaginal hydrocele (55%). Surgical procedure using Lords Plication was found to be simple, effective and associated with minimum post operative complications; the other conventional techniques like Partial/sub-total excision of sac, everson of sac were associated with more complications like haematoma, scrotal edema and infection. Majority of patients were discharged on 7th Post-operative day. Conclusion: The present study, primary vaginal hydrocele was the commonest cystic swelling of scrotum and treated surgically showed good results. Lord’s procedure was associated with the less post-operative complications, minimal tissue handling and good haemostatic control